The document provides an overview of the main processes under REACH, including registration, evaluation, and authorization. It discusses the pre-registration period and how industry must pre-register substances before the registration deadline. It also summarizes the key steps of registration, including forming Substance Information Exchange Forums for data sharing, preparing dossiers, and submitting completed registration documents.
This document discusses various approaches to quantifying chemical similarity, including structural similarity based on substructures, fingerprints, and topological descriptors; 3D similarity based on fields, shapes, and quantum properties; physicochemical properties; and quantum chemistry approaches. It notes that while structurally similar molecules can have very different 3D properties, exploiting similarity is challenging without unambiguous definitions and most categories of chemicals contain both toxic and nontoxic members.
The document discusses how ABBYY, a software company, has transformed from desktop software to cloud-based services over the past 30 years. It questions whether ABBYY's transformation allows it to better serve the needs of modern users on platforms like MySpace compared to its original desktop products. The document is copyrighted by IBM Corporation.
The document provides an overview of various types of hand tools used in workshops. It includes measuring tools like rulers, calipers, and protractors; marking and layout tools like scribers, dividers, and trammel points; cutting tools like hacksaws, chisels, and files; fastening tools like screwdrivers, pliers, and wrenches; and striking tools like hammers. The document presents these tools categorized and with images for identification purposes in technical and vocational training.
This document discusses the CADASTER project which aims to integrate information, models, and strategies for safety assessment and risk assessment of large numbers of substances according to the REACH framework. The project will develop decision support systems for chemical hazard and risk assessment of emerging chemicals classes using non-animal testing methods like QSAR models, read-across, and exposure scenarios. It involves collecting data, developing and validating QSAR models, integrating models into risk assessments, and providing policy recommendations.
The document discusses the concept of chirality, which refers to geometric shapes or figures that are non-superimposable on their mirror images. It provides the etymology of the term from the Greek word for hand. It also includes quotes that further explain chirality, such as one from Lord Kelvin defining a chiral object. Additionally, the document presents several chemical examples to illustrate the concept of chirality in molecules.
The document discusses IBM LotusLive, a Software as a Service (SaaS) offering. It explains that with SaaS, software and associated data are centrally hosted in the cloud. Customers can access the software and data via the internet from different devices. Some key benefits of SaaS mentioned are low upfront costs, easy deployment and maintenance, and constant updates and upgrades to the latest versions.
This document provides information on various measurement tools including vernier calipers, dial calipers, digital calipers, vernier teeth gears, depth verniers, height gauges, and universal bevel protractors. It includes diagrams of the tools, descriptions of their parts, and examples of taking measurements with a vernier caliper down to 0.02mm.
This document discusses different types of measurement tools, focusing on vernier micrometers. It defines a vernier micrometer as a tool used to measure external or internal dimensions very accurately. The document describes outside micrometers, which measure the diameter or thickness of objects, and inside micrometers, which measure the internal diameter of holes. It also mentions other micrometer features like digital displays, depth measurement capabilities, and telescoping extensions.
This document discusses various approaches to quantifying chemical similarity, including structural similarity based on substructures, fingerprints, and topological descriptors; 3D similarity based on fields, shapes, and quantum properties; physicochemical properties; and quantum chemistry approaches. It notes that while structurally similar molecules can have very different 3D properties, exploiting similarity is challenging without unambiguous definitions and most categories of chemicals contain both toxic and nontoxic members.
The document discusses how ABBYY, a software company, has transformed from desktop software to cloud-based services over the past 30 years. It questions whether ABBYY's transformation allows it to better serve the needs of modern users on platforms like MySpace compared to its original desktop products. The document is copyrighted by IBM Corporation.
The document provides an overview of various types of hand tools used in workshops. It includes measuring tools like rulers, calipers, and protractors; marking and layout tools like scribers, dividers, and trammel points; cutting tools like hacksaws, chisels, and files; fastening tools like screwdrivers, pliers, and wrenches; and striking tools like hammers. The document presents these tools categorized and with images for identification purposes in technical and vocational training.
This document discusses the CADASTER project which aims to integrate information, models, and strategies for safety assessment and risk assessment of large numbers of substances according to the REACH framework. The project will develop decision support systems for chemical hazard and risk assessment of emerging chemicals classes using non-animal testing methods like QSAR models, read-across, and exposure scenarios. It involves collecting data, developing and validating QSAR models, integrating models into risk assessments, and providing policy recommendations.
The document discusses the concept of chirality, which refers to geometric shapes or figures that are non-superimposable on their mirror images. It provides the etymology of the term from the Greek word for hand. It also includes quotes that further explain chirality, such as one from Lord Kelvin defining a chiral object. Additionally, the document presents several chemical examples to illustrate the concept of chirality in molecules.
The document discusses IBM LotusLive, a Software as a Service (SaaS) offering. It explains that with SaaS, software and associated data are centrally hosted in the cloud. Customers can access the software and data via the internet from different devices. Some key benefits of SaaS mentioned are low upfront costs, easy deployment and maintenance, and constant updates and upgrades to the latest versions.
This document provides information on various measurement tools including vernier calipers, dial calipers, digital calipers, vernier teeth gears, depth verniers, height gauges, and universal bevel protractors. It includes diagrams of the tools, descriptions of their parts, and examples of taking measurements with a vernier caliper down to 0.02mm.
This document discusses different types of measurement tools, focusing on vernier micrometers. It defines a vernier micrometer as a tool used to measure external or internal dimensions very accurately. The document describes outside micrometers, which measure the diameter or thickness of objects, and inside micrometers, which measure the internal diameter of holes. It also mentions other micrometer features like digital displays, depth measurement capabilities, and telescoping extensions.
The document describes different types of drills and drilling machines. It defines a drill as a tool or machine with a rotating or reciprocating cutting tip used for boring holes. It then lists and shows images of several types of drilling machines including hand drills, pillar drills, bench drills, gang drills, multi-spindle drills, and radial arm drills. The document is authored by Mokhtar Padeli.
Search and Structure Design of Physiologically Active CompoundsSSA KPI
This document discusses the history of applying mathematics to chemistry. It notes that in 1830, Augusto Compte argued that using mathematics in chemistry was "profoundly irrational." However, in 1808, Louis Joseph Gay-Lussac stated that the application of calculation to chemistry was not far off. The document provides these two quotes contrasting early views on quantitative chemistry.
This document provides information about a translation project titled "The Eye's Delight" based on the explanation of pages from "Imamul-Haramayn". It is presented by Submission Productions and is a translation by Shaykh Abdullah Muhammad Al-Hattab Ar-Ra'iniyy Al-Malikiyy. This appears to be the 2nd edition of the translation.
This document provides information about a module on Workshop Technology 3 taught at a Malaysian polytechnic. It lists the module code as J3103 and provides contact information for the two lecturers, Haji Mahmud bin Haji Sidek and Saifuddin bin Abdul Rahman. Both lecturers teach at the Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah polytechnic and have qualifications in mechanical engineering.
The document summarizes major changes made to income tax and wealth tax in India's 2009-2010 budget. Key points include:
- Exemption limits for personal income tax were raised for senior citizens, women taxpayers, and all other individuals.
- Deduction limits for dependent medical care were increased. Surcharge on various direct taxes will be phased out, starting with a 10% surcharge on personal income tax.
- Benefits for export profits were extended by one year. Fringe benefit tax was abolished starting in 2010-2011. Scope of weighted deduction for in-house R&D was expanded.
This document contains a crossword puzzle with clues listed down the left side and across the top. The crossword focuses on vocabulary related to daily life, food, religion and other common topics. It was created by Luisa Galvis Garcia using a free crossword-making tool called EclipseCrossword.
This document provides an introduction to shielded gas arc welding, specifically TIG and MIG welding. It outlines the objectives of understanding the principles of TIG and MIG welding, including their welding procedures, machines, gases used, and advantages/disadvantages compared to manual arc welding. The document then provides input on the introduction to shielded gas arc welding and a section on Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding.
This document provides information on measuring various elements of screw threads, including major diameter, minor diameter, mean diameter, and thread form. It defines each element and describes methods for measuring them using tools like micrometers, wires, and optical comparators. The document focuses on measuring ISO metric, unified, and Whitworth screw threads specifically. It provides formulas for calculating mean diameter and pitch diameter based on measurements taken using a 3-wire method.
The document provides an introduction to gears and gearing. It defines the objectives as understanding the concept of gears, their types and functions in engineering, and being able to sketch and label gear parts and understand spur gear measurement. The document then describes various types of gears including spur gears, internal gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, bevel gears, miter gears, angular bevel gears, hypoid gears, worm and worm gears, rack and pinion gears. It also defines various gear terminology and describes measuring and testing gears using a gear-tooth vernier caliper.
This document provides an overview of surface texture, including definitions of key terms like roughness, waviness, and lay. It discusses the importance of standard surface finish symbols and specifications in manufacturing. Specific objectives covered include identifying surface finish symbols, defining terms like roughness height and waviness width, and calculating different metrics of surface roughness including Ra, Rq, and Rt. Methods of measuring surface texture in both inches and metric units are also presented.
This document discusses power press machines and their use in cold metal working. It introduces the objectives of understanding the types and functions of presses and press tools, being able to sketch their parts, and elaborating on methods of cold working sheet metal through shearing, bending, and drawing. It then provides background on how metal forming can be more economical than metal cutting for large production quantities due to lower variable costs, despite higher fixed costs for dies. The document focuses on using presses and press tools for cold working metal objects into shape, especially ductile sheet or strip metals.
This document discusses gear manufacturing methods. It begins by outlining the general and specific objectives of understanding gear manufacturing technology. The document then discusses various methods for making gears, including casting, forging, and machining. The two main gear machining methods covered are form cutting and generating. Form cutting involves using a cutter shaped like the space between gear teeth. Generating involves rotating a cutter or gear blank against a stationary cutter to generate gear teeth.
This document provides an overview and summary of IBM's Lotus Notes and Domino product portfolio in 3 sentences:
IBM Lotus Notes and Domino is a software suite for email, calendaring, collaboration and rapid application development. It includes products like Notes, Sametime, Connections and Quickr for messaging, conferencing and social networking. The document highlights key features of these products and how they can be accessed across different platforms including mobile devices.
This document discusses computer numerical control (CNC) systems. It aims to help the reader understand the main components of a CNC system including point-to-point positioning and contouring systems. It also aims to teach how to write simple CNC milling programs. CNC systems use onboard computers to control machines from pre-programmed numeric data, allowing remote programming and manual modification of programs. The availability of low-cost programmable controllers enabled the widespread adoption of CNC in manufacturing.
This document provides an introduction to REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) for non-EU producers in the softlines industry. It begins with information about the presenter and contact details. It then defines REACH as the EU chemicals regulation that aims to protect human health and the environment from risks of chemicals. Key REACH processes like registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction are summarized. The document provides an overview of REACH obligations and requirements for non-EU companies that manufacture, formulate or produce articles containing chemicals that are imported into the EU.
Chemical Characterization of Plastic Used in Medical ProductsSGS
Dr. Andreas Nixdorf presented on chemical characterization of plastics used in medical products according to ISO 10993 standards. He discussed the normative framework for chemical characterization and analytical methods for identifying extractables and leachables. Key points included sample preparation according to ISO 10993-12, using both exaggerated and accelerated extraction conditions. A variety of analytical techniques were outlined for separation and detection of extractable substances.
This document discusses how eBay uses machine learning and feedback loops to improve its search functionality. It describes eBay's large scale of data and highly dynamic marketplace. It then explains how eBay uses machine learning to solve typical problems like recommending items and classifications. It provides details on eBay's feedback loop process of data collection, analysis, deployment and decisions. It gives an extended example of how machine learning is applied to eBay search, including the search grid, feeder pipeline, query augmentation, inventory selection and adaptive user experience. It concludes that machine learning allows the system to reflect the eBay community.
This document provides an overview and introduction to using iBATIS for data access. It discusses iBATIS' philosophy of combining the best aspects of object mapping and raw SQL. The document also covers installing and configuring iBATIS, writing basic mapped statements for queries and updates, and using more advanced techniques like stored procedures and XML mapping.
12. Social 2.0 Mobile Social Networking Jason ChiuHKAIM
The document discusses social media and mobile social networking trends over the last 12 months. It summarizes key metrics from the US presidential election social media use and also shares the author's personal social media story about his daughter. It then explores analyzing social networks through connections, interactions and influencers to help social media marketers identify optimal targeting approaches. The presentation concludes by discussing opportunities this type of social network analysis creates for mobile operators, social sites and advertisers to improve marketing performance.
1. The document provides instructions for creating a list of tags, publicizing the list using a badge page, and distributing the tags to an audience using a bookmarklet.
2. It first explains how to create and manage lists of tags, then how to generate and share a badge to publicize the lists.
3. Finally, it describes how the badge contains a bookmarklet that allows the audience to access and use the tags.
The document describes different types of drills and drilling machines. It defines a drill as a tool or machine with a rotating or reciprocating cutting tip used for boring holes. It then lists and shows images of several types of drilling machines including hand drills, pillar drills, bench drills, gang drills, multi-spindle drills, and radial arm drills. The document is authored by Mokhtar Padeli.
Search and Structure Design of Physiologically Active CompoundsSSA KPI
This document discusses the history of applying mathematics to chemistry. It notes that in 1830, Augusto Compte argued that using mathematics in chemistry was "profoundly irrational." However, in 1808, Louis Joseph Gay-Lussac stated that the application of calculation to chemistry was not far off. The document provides these two quotes contrasting early views on quantitative chemistry.
This document provides information about a translation project titled "The Eye's Delight" based on the explanation of pages from "Imamul-Haramayn". It is presented by Submission Productions and is a translation by Shaykh Abdullah Muhammad Al-Hattab Ar-Ra'iniyy Al-Malikiyy. This appears to be the 2nd edition of the translation.
This document provides information about a module on Workshop Technology 3 taught at a Malaysian polytechnic. It lists the module code as J3103 and provides contact information for the two lecturers, Haji Mahmud bin Haji Sidek and Saifuddin bin Abdul Rahman. Both lecturers teach at the Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah polytechnic and have qualifications in mechanical engineering.
The document summarizes major changes made to income tax and wealth tax in India's 2009-2010 budget. Key points include:
- Exemption limits for personal income tax were raised for senior citizens, women taxpayers, and all other individuals.
- Deduction limits for dependent medical care were increased. Surcharge on various direct taxes will be phased out, starting with a 10% surcharge on personal income tax.
- Benefits for export profits were extended by one year. Fringe benefit tax was abolished starting in 2010-2011. Scope of weighted deduction for in-house R&D was expanded.
This document contains a crossword puzzle with clues listed down the left side and across the top. The crossword focuses on vocabulary related to daily life, food, religion and other common topics. It was created by Luisa Galvis Garcia using a free crossword-making tool called EclipseCrossword.
This document provides an introduction to shielded gas arc welding, specifically TIG and MIG welding. It outlines the objectives of understanding the principles of TIG and MIG welding, including their welding procedures, machines, gases used, and advantages/disadvantages compared to manual arc welding. The document then provides input on the introduction to shielded gas arc welding and a section on Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding.
This document provides information on measuring various elements of screw threads, including major diameter, minor diameter, mean diameter, and thread form. It defines each element and describes methods for measuring them using tools like micrometers, wires, and optical comparators. The document focuses on measuring ISO metric, unified, and Whitworth screw threads specifically. It provides formulas for calculating mean diameter and pitch diameter based on measurements taken using a 3-wire method.
The document provides an introduction to gears and gearing. It defines the objectives as understanding the concept of gears, their types and functions in engineering, and being able to sketch and label gear parts and understand spur gear measurement. The document then describes various types of gears including spur gears, internal gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, bevel gears, miter gears, angular bevel gears, hypoid gears, worm and worm gears, rack and pinion gears. It also defines various gear terminology and describes measuring and testing gears using a gear-tooth vernier caliper.
This document provides an overview of surface texture, including definitions of key terms like roughness, waviness, and lay. It discusses the importance of standard surface finish symbols and specifications in manufacturing. Specific objectives covered include identifying surface finish symbols, defining terms like roughness height and waviness width, and calculating different metrics of surface roughness including Ra, Rq, and Rt. Methods of measuring surface texture in both inches and metric units are also presented.
This document discusses power press machines and their use in cold metal working. It introduces the objectives of understanding the types and functions of presses and press tools, being able to sketch their parts, and elaborating on methods of cold working sheet metal through shearing, bending, and drawing. It then provides background on how metal forming can be more economical than metal cutting for large production quantities due to lower variable costs, despite higher fixed costs for dies. The document focuses on using presses and press tools for cold working metal objects into shape, especially ductile sheet or strip metals.
This document discusses gear manufacturing methods. It begins by outlining the general and specific objectives of understanding gear manufacturing technology. The document then discusses various methods for making gears, including casting, forging, and machining. The two main gear machining methods covered are form cutting and generating. Form cutting involves using a cutter shaped like the space between gear teeth. Generating involves rotating a cutter or gear blank against a stationary cutter to generate gear teeth.
This document provides an overview and summary of IBM's Lotus Notes and Domino product portfolio in 3 sentences:
IBM Lotus Notes and Domino is a software suite for email, calendaring, collaboration and rapid application development. It includes products like Notes, Sametime, Connections and Quickr for messaging, conferencing and social networking. The document highlights key features of these products and how they can be accessed across different platforms including mobile devices.
This document discusses computer numerical control (CNC) systems. It aims to help the reader understand the main components of a CNC system including point-to-point positioning and contouring systems. It also aims to teach how to write simple CNC milling programs. CNC systems use onboard computers to control machines from pre-programmed numeric data, allowing remote programming and manual modification of programs. The availability of low-cost programmable controllers enabled the widespread adoption of CNC in manufacturing.
This document provides an introduction to REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) for non-EU producers in the softlines industry. It begins with information about the presenter and contact details. It then defines REACH as the EU chemicals regulation that aims to protect human health and the environment from risks of chemicals. Key REACH processes like registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction are summarized. The document provides an overview of REACH obligations and requirements for non-EU companies that manufacture, formulate or produce articles containing chemicals that are imported into the EU.
Chemical Characterization of Plastic Used in Medical ProductsSGS
Dr. Andreas Nixdorf presented on chemical characterization of plastics used in medical products according to ISO 10993 standards. He discussed the normative framework for chemical characterization and analytical methods for identifying extractables and leachables. Key points included sample preparation according to ISO 10993-12, using both exaggerated and accelerated extraction conditions. A variety of analytical techniques were outlined for separation and detection of extractable substances.
This document discusses how eBay uses machine learning and feedback loops to improve its search functionality. It describes eBay's large scale of data and highly dynamic marketplace. It then explains how eBay uses machine learning to solve typical problems like recommending items and classifications. It provides details on eBay's feedback loop process of data collection, analysis, deployment and decisions. It gives an extended example of how machine learning is applied to eBay search, including the search grid, feeder pipeline, query augmentation, inventory selection and adaptive user experience. It concludes that machine learning allows the system to reflect the eBay community.
This document provides an overview and introduction to using iBATIS for data access. It discusses iBATIS' philosophy of combining the best aspects of object mapping and raw SQL. The document also covers installing and configuring iBATIS, writing basic mapped statements for queries and updates, and using more advanced techniques like stored procedures and XML mapping.
12. Social 2.0 Mobile Social Networking Jason ChiuHKAIM
The document discusses social media and mobile social networking trends over the last 12 months. It summarizes key metrics from the US presidential election social media use and also shares the author's personal social media story about his daughter. It then explores analyzing social networks through connections, interactions and influencers to help social media marketers identify optimal targeting approaches. The presentation concludes by discussing opportunities this type of social network analysis creates for mobile operators, social sites and advertisers to improve marketing performance.
1. The document provides instructions for creating a list of tags, publicizing the list using a badge page, and distributing the tags to an audience using a bookmarklet.
2. It first explains how to create and manage lists of tags, then how to generate and share a badge to publicize the lists.
3. Finally, it describes how the badge contains a bookmarklet that allows the audience to access and use the tags.
Este documento resume el proceso de una consultora que comenzó en 1999 y finalizó en 2009. La consultora comenzó identificando oportunidades a través de una red y luego se especializó en comprender el comportamiento de los contenidos. Innovó iniciando un proceso de transformación para crear un espacio de difusión necesario. Ahora se encuentra entusiasmada por cosechar los resultados del proceso de incubación de la red, aunque generando una nueva idea distinta para el futuro basada en un modelo de negocios sin la tecnología en la que se bas
This certificate of completion is awarded to Rafael Lebron for completing the 2009 Dell Foundations diagnostics course on September 1, 2009. It recognizes Rafael Lebron's completion of the 915 course and is signed by two individuals with their names and titles.
The document summarizes advancements in using neural network algorithms for NMR predictions compared to traditional HOSE code algorithms. It finds that while HOSE code predictions currently outperform neural networks, neural networks offer significant speed advantages and were shown to improve prediction accuracy over previous versions. Future versions aim to integrate neural networks and HOSE code in a hybrid approach to gain the benefits of both methods.
The document discusses the concept of equality and Namasmaran. It argues that imposing uniformity on things like culture, food, and salaries stems from misguided trends and does not lead to true equality. True equality embraces diversity and creating an environment where all can blossom. It describes Namasmaran as remembering the name of God, gurus, or other holy figures through practices like chanting, music, or alone time. Namasmaran helps reconnect one's true self and is a form of meditation and yoga that can benefit all people, regardless of beliefs. It is an ocean of bliss that is difficult to fully capture with words alone.
Adventure Education at New Hampton SchoolHans Mundahl
The document appears to be a biography for Hans Mundahl, the Director of Experiential Learning at New Hampton School. It includes his contact information, the school's website and blogs related to experiential learning programs. There are also links to photo credits.
This document provides information about a module on Workshop Technology 3 taught at a Malaysian polytechnic. It lists the module code as J3103 and provides contact information for the two lecturers, Haji Mahmud bin Haji Sidek and Saifuddin bin Abdul Rahman. Both lecturers teach at the Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah polytechnic and have qualifications in mechanical engineering.
The document provides an introduction to gears and gearing. It defines the objectives as understanding the concept of gears, their types and functions in engineering, and being able to sketch and label gear parts and understand spur gear measurement. The document then describes various types of gears including spur gears, internal gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, bevel gears, miter gears, angular bevel gears, hypoid gears, worm and worm gears, rack and pinion gears. It also defines various gear terminology and describes measuring and testing gears using a gear-tooth vernier caliper.
This document provides objectives and information about measuring and testing screw threads. The specific objectives are to identify methods of measuring major diameter, minor diameter, and mean diameter of a screw thread; to measure and calculate those diameters; and to check the thread form using an optical comparator. The introduction explains that pitch, angle, and effective diameter are important elements that influence the strength and interchangeability of screw threads.
The document provides an overview of shielded gas arc welding techniques, specifically Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding. It describes the principles and objectives of TIG welding, including using an inert gas shield to prevent contamination of the molten metal. The document discusses TIG welding equipment, processes, and variables such as current type and polarity that affect the weld. It also explains considerations for joint preparation, filler metals, and factors that influence torch and electrode selection.
This document discusses gear manufacturing methods. It begins by describing common gear manufacturing processes like casting, forging, and blanking sheet metal. It then focuses on the two main gear cutting methods: form cutting and gear generating. Form cutting involves using a cutter shaped like the gear teeth to cut each tooth individually. Gear generating uses pinion-shaped, rack-shaped, or hob cutters that cut multiple teeth simultaneously. The document also discusses cutting bevel gears and finishing processes like shaving to improve gear quality.
This document discusses power press machines and cold metal working. It begins by introducing presses and press tools, describing their main types and functions. It then discusses the specific objectives of understanding presses, press tools, and cold working methods like shearing, bending, and drawing of sheet metal. The document provides detailed descriptions of different types of presses and press operations. It explains the principles of metal plasticity and effects of cold working metals.
This document provides an overview of surface texture, including definitions of key terms like roughness, waviness, and lay. It discusses the importance of standard surface finish symbols and specifications in manufacturing. Specific objectives covered include identifying surface finish symbols, defining terms like roughness height and waviness width, and calculating different metrics of surface roughness including Ra, Rq, and Rt. Methods of measuring surface texture in both inches and metric units are also presented.
This document discusses computer numerical control (CNC) systems. It aims to help the reader understand the main components of a CNC system including point-to-point positioning and contouring systems. It also aims to teach how to write simple CNC milling programs. CNC systems use onboard computers to control machines from pre-programmed part programs, allowing remote programming and modifications to be easily made. The availability of low-cost programmable controllers has enabled the widespread adoption of CNC in manufacturing.
This document contains a summary of the table of contents for a physics textbook divided into two volumes. Volume 1 is divided into 5 parts covering topics such as measurement, motion, force, energy, momentum, rotation, oscillations, waves, thermodynamics, and kinetic theory of gases. Volume 2 is divided into 5 additional parts covering electromagnetism, images, interference, diffraction, and relativity, as well as additional topics in modern physics.
The document describes different methods of communication over the internet including email, chat, voice over IP (VoIP), and video conferencing. E-mail can be used for communication between individuals or groups. Chat options include MSN Messenger. Voice calls can be placed over the internet using VoIP technology instead of traditional phone lines. Video conferencing allows for face-to-face communication online through programs and webcams.
This document appears to be a list of 17 projects funded by the Comenius 2012 program. It includes the project number, title, participating organizations, grant amount awarded in Euros for each project. The projects focus on topics like folk music, environmentalism, art, education, traditions, and rural life. The total amount of funding awarded for the 17 projects is €357,000.
A Testers Role On Agile Projects - Janet GregoryAGILEMinds
The document discusses the role of a tester on an agile project. It introduces the speaker's experience with agile testing since 2000. The topics to be covered include learning about the audience members, a brief introduction to agile, the challenges of agile testing, what agile testing is, the life of a tester during an iteration, how testing must keep up with rapid changes, and continual improvement. The goal is to help testers understand their important role within the agile process.
This document discusses OpenID, a single sign-on protocol for the web. OpenID allows users to log into multiple websites using a single digital identity and is decentralized, with no single point of failure. The document provides information on how OpenID works, the basic roles of OpenID providers and relying parties, and how to enable OpenID on a website using one's own server and URL.
This document discusses the definition of Islamic architecture and whether it can be considered a unique style. It questions whether Islamic architecture refers only to religious buildings like mosques, or all architecture from Muslim lands. It explores how the term "Islamic" is being used and whether there is a recognizable style that differs from non-Islamic cultures. The document suggests identifying typical elements in Islamic architecture that express a culture shaped by Islam in a way that differs from other traditions.
This document provides floor plans and details for the Castleton home design. The 3 bedroom, 2.5 bathroom home has a total square footage of 4,151 square feet with 2,521 square feet on the main level and 1,630 square feet on the second level. The front elevation drawing and plan features are also included.
Testing Techniques For Agile Testers - Janet GregoryAGILEMinds
This document discusses techniques for agile testers. It covers test planning at the product, release, and iteration levels. Collaboration and communication are emphasized. The Agile Testing Quadrants framework is introduced for classifying different types of tests based on purpose. Test-driven development (TDD) benefits and quadrant one testing are described, focusing on technology-facing tests that support developers. Automation, test strategy planning, and the testing toolkit are also mentioned.
This document provides specifications for locating pins with diameters ranging from 6mm to 19mm. It includes dimensions for the pins like radii, depth, and tolerances. Charts list National Aerospace and Defense Contractors Accreditation Program (NAAMS) codes, dimensions, and weights for each pin size. Pins are made of SAE 8620 steel and hardened to 58-62 Rockwell C.
This document discusses student organizations and the university system in Germany. It provides an overview of the different types of higher education institutions in Germany, including universities, universities of applied sciences, and arts universities. It describes the degree system including bachelor's, master's, and Ph.D. programs. It also outlines the systems of student participation at universities, using the examples of Leipzig and Hanover. Student councils, departments, and faculty student organizations are discussed.
The document discusses grand challenges in energy and perspectives on moving towards more sustainable systems. It notes that while global energy demand and CO2 emissions rebounded in 2010 after the economic downturn, urgent changes are still needed. It explores perspectives on changing direction, including overcoming barriers like technologies, economies, management, and mindsets. The document advocates a systems approach and backcasting from desirable futures to identify pathways for transitioning between states.
Engineering can play an important role in sustainable development by focusing on meeting human needs over wants and prioritizing projects that serve the most vulnerable populations. Engineers should consider how their work impacts sustainability, affordability, and accessibility. A socially sustainable product is manufactured sustainably and also improves people's lives. Engineers are not neutral and should strive to serve societal needs rather than just generate profits. They can help redefine commerce and an engineering culture focused on meeting needs sustainably through services rather than creating unnecessary products and infrastructure.
Consensus and interaction on a long term strategy for sustainable developmentSSA KPI
The document discusses the need for a long-term vision for sustainable development to address major challenges like climate change, resource depletion, and inequity. A long-term perspective is required because these problems will take consistent action over many years to solve. However, short-term solutions may counteract long-term goals if not guided by an overall strategic vision. Developing a widely accepted long-term sustainable development vision requires input from many stakeholders to find balanced solutions and avoid dead ends. Strategic decisions with long-lasting technological and social consequences need a vision that can adapt to changing conditions over time.
Competences in sustainability in engineering educationSSA KPI
The document discusses competencies in sustainability for engineering education. It defines competencies and lists taxonomies that classify competencies into categories like knowledge, skills, attitudes, and ethics. Engineering graduates are expected to have competencies like critical thinking, systemic thinking, and interdisciplinarity. Analysis of competency frameworks from different universities found that competencies are introduced at varying levels, from basic knowledge to complex problem solving and valuing sustainability challenges. The document also outlines the University of Polytechnic Catalonia's framework for its generic sustainability competency.
The document discusses concepts related to sustainability including carrying capacity, ecological footprint, and the IPAT equation. It provides data on historical and projected world population growth. Examples are given showing the ecological footprint of different countries and how it is calculated based on factors like energy use, agriculture, transportation, housing, goods and services. The human development index is also introduced as a broader measure than GDP for assessing well-being. Graphs illustrate the relationship between increasing HDI, ecological footprint, and the goal of transitioning to sustainable development.
From Huygens odd sympathy to the energy Huygens' extraction from the sea wavesSSA KPI
Huygens observed that two pendulum clocks suspended near each other would synchronize their swings to be 180 degrees out of phase. He conducted experiments that showed the synchronization was caused by small movements transmitted through their common frame. While this discovery did not help solve the longitude problem as intended, it sparked further investigations into coupled oscillators and synchronization phenomena.
1) The document discusses whether dice rolls and other mechanical randomizers can truly produce random outcomes from a dynamics perspective.
2) It analyzes the equations of motion for different dice shapes and coin tossing, showing that outcomes are theoretically predictable if initial conditions can be reproduced precisely.
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This document discusses the use of fluorescent proteins in current biological research. It begins with an overview of the development of optical microscopy and fluorescence techniques. It then focuses on the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and how it has been used as a molecular tag to study protein expression and interactions in living cells through techniques like gene delivery, transfection, viral infection, FRET, and optogenetics. The document concludes that fluorescent proteins have revolutionized cell biology by enabling the real-time visualization and control of molecular pathways and signaling processes in living systems.
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1. F T ra n sf o F T ra n sf o
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REACH - Current status
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Aim of the presentation
• Provide overview on main processes in REACH
- Short overview
- Information requirements and Integrated Testing Strategies
• Provide overview of main topics on Integrated Testing
Strategies in OSIRIS (FP 6)
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 2
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Most relevant titles
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 3
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REACH= Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation
and restriction of CHemicals
EU Regulation 1907/2006
Registration Evaluation Authorisation Restrictions
> 1 tonne/yr > 10 tonnes/yr CMR & PBT & Substances of
+ substances of equivalent concern
concern concern
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 4
5. F T ra n sf o F T ra n sf o
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Industry and registration
• First pre-registration (of phase-in substances)
• Then: registration
• Or: registration (of non phase-in substances)
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 5
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PRE-REGISTRATION …. and THEN?
• January 2009:
- ECHA published list of pre-registered substances
• Names of substances
• EINECS and CAS number or other ID-code
• First envisaged registration deadline
- No names of Companies
• Substance Information Exchange Forum (SIEF):
- Companies are informed of other pre-registrants of the same substance
• Aim: to stimulate data sharing for registration
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 6
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Deadlines registration and pre-registration
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Jan 2009: List of Pre-registered substances D=Deadline for (Pre-)registration
Agency D
Set up
Registration / 11 years
Evaluation /15 years
D
Registration / 6 years
Evaluation / 9 years
D End of the Phase-in
Period for Registration
Registration - 3½yrs
Evaluation / 5 yrs
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
June 1st
12-18 months > 1 t/year > 100 t/year > 1000 t/year + R50-53 > 100tons/y + CMR 1+2 (> 1 t/year)
Pre-registration > 1 t/y
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 7
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REGISTRATION: IS NEXT STEP
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PUBLICATION PRE-REGISTERED SUBSTANCES (Jan. 2009)
SIEF formation and data sharing
DOSSIER PREPARATION:
PHASE-IN 1
Data summaries, gaps
Grouping, Read Across,
Exposure assessment
PHASE-IN 2 TESTPLAN PHASE-IN 3
Data summaries, gaps CSA / CSR Data summaries, gaps
Grouping, Read Across, Extended SDS Grouping, Read Across,
Exposure assessment Exposure assessment
TESTPLAN TESTPLAN
CSA / CSR CSA / CSR
Extended SDS Extended SDS
DOSSIER COMPLETION & SUBMISSION
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 8
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REACH= Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation
and restriction of CHemicals
EU Regulation 1907/2006
Registration Evaluation Authorisation Restrictions
> 1 tonne/yr > 10 tonnes/yr CMR & PBT & Substances of
+ substances of equivalent concern
concern concern
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 9
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Title VI. Evaluation
Evaluation
(ECHA & MS)
Concern for
Legal basis human health
or environment
Dossier evaluation by ECHA Substance evaluation by MS
(optional)
- test proposals (mandatory)*
- compliance check (min. 5%)
Draft decision Formal request for information
* Prevention/ Kievunnecessary animal tests
REACH of 11/08/2009 10
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Testing proposals
• Two main aspects in relation to examination of testing proposals
- Does the proposal comply with the standard testing requirements.
- Are the reasons for proposing additional testing for endpoints over
and above the standard testing requirements appropriate
(aim: avoid unnecessary testing).
• Relevant issues:
- Several (different) testing proposals
- Proposal justified and adequate? (RIP3.2/3.3)
- Priority also to substances subject on Community Rolling Action Plan
(CRAP) for substance evaluation
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 11
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Compliance check
• Quality check! (risk irrelevant)
- Technical dossier (information/adaptations)
- Chemical Substance Register
- Explanation for separate submissions
• Focus
- Random vs non-random selection of dossiers, Targeting, Joint
submissions, Read-across/category approach, Timing in
relation to substance evaluation, Drafting decisions
• Actor
- ECHA
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 12
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REACH= Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation
and restriction of CHemicals
EU Regulation 1907/2006
Registration Evaluation Authorisation Restrictions
> 1 tonne/yr > 10 tonnes/yr CMR & PBT & Substances of
+ substances of equivalent concern
concern concern
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 13
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Free circulation of substances Interference in the internal
on the internal market market
Chemical safety Community-wide action
is responsibility of is responsibility of
manufacturer, importer and authorities
downstream user
Annex
Restrictions XVII
Annex XV dossier
Unacceptable risk Derogations
Registration Evaluation
Chemical Safety Report
Dossier evaluation Annex
Risk adequately
controlled Substance evaluation XIV
Authorisation Exemptions
Substances of
Very High Concern
Authorisation
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Pt. II: information requirements
in REACH
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Overview of registration requirements
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Steps in data gathering process
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• Gather and share existing information
• Consider Information needs (Annex VII-XI in REACH)
• Identify information gaps
• Generate new data/ propose test
• Animal testing as a last resort!
• An efficient hazard assessment is needed while reducing costs
and reducing animal use in toxicity testing.
• The alternatives should allow for use in
- Chemical Safety Assessment
- Classification and Labelling
- PBT assessment
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 17
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Why Integrated testing strategies?
• To get the “right information” to adequately identify and
manage the risks
• To limit the number of animal tests
• To reduce the costs for industry
• To speed up the assessment process
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 18
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REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 19
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Existing • Existing data
Data
• Category formation
In Silico - Developing groups of similar compounds
Assessment - Obtaining toxicological data and information
- Performing read-across
In Chemico
Assessment • Filling data gaps
In Vitro
Assessment
In Vivo
Assessment [source: OSIRIS, Mark Cronin]
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 20
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A non-testing strategy (Worth, SETAC oct. 2008)
Existing information Working Matrix
A B C
Preliminary assessment of reactivity and fate
Chemical
Metabolite 1
Classification schemes and structural alerts Metabolite 2
Preliminary assessment of reactivity, fate & toxicity
Assess adequacy
Read-across
Conclusion or
targeted testing
(Q)SARs
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 21
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Pt III. Projects supporting ITS in REACH
• Many international scientific programs and efforts aim to improve
the knowledge base for toxicity testing, testing strategies and
hazard assessment; e.g.
- CADASTER (FP7)
- OPENTOX (FP7)
- OSIRIS (FP6)
- REPROTECT (FP6)
- SENS-IT-IV (FP6)
- OECD activities
- JRC activities
- ECHA activities
- Etc.
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 22
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OSIRIS
Integrated Project (IP), FP6
Optimized Strategies for Risk Assessment of Industrial Chemicals
through Integration of non-Test and Test Information
Sub-Priority: 1.1.6.3 (Global change and ecosystems),
Complementary Research, Development of advances methodologies
for risk assessment
Date of Preparation: 10 August 2006
Coordinator:
Professor Gerrit Schüürmann, UFZ Centre for Environmental
Research, Leipzig, Germany
Tel +49-341-235-2309, Fax +49-341-235-2401, E-mail
gerrit.schuurmann@ufz.de
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 23
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Intelligent (Integrated) Testing Strategy
• Stepwise approach to hazard identification
• Results of one study are evaluated before another is
initiated, exposure is taken•(Q)SAR
into consideration
•omics
• Evaluation is performed by a weight of evidence
•read across
assessment: taking into account all available data (testing
and non-testing) and their reliability
•categories
•in vitro
• Ensure data requirements are met in the most efficient and
humane manner to minimise costs and animal use
•exposure
•optimized in vivo, TTC
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 24
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Goals
• The goal of OSIRIS is to develop Integrated Testing Strategies
(ITS) fit for REACH that make it possible to significantly increase
the use of non-testing information for regulatory decision
making, and to effectively reduce animal testing to the level
needed from a risk perspective.
• To this end, operational procedures will be developed, tested
and disseminated that guide a transparent and scientifically
sound evaluation of chemical substances in a risk-driven,
context specific and substance-tailored (RCS) manner, and
allow decision making to be built on information-rich
combinations of novel non-testing and optimized
experimental information.
• In this context, a major scientific challenge is to identify, reduce
and manage the level of uncertainty. Accordingly, the envisaged
decision-theory based framework will be designed to handle
uncertainty explicitly, covering data, methods, models and
decision making.
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 25
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A B B Y Y.c A B B Y Y.c
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 26
27. F T ra n sf o F T ra n sf o
PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w om w om
w
w
w. w.
A B B Y Y.c A B B Y Y.c
Major objectives
Objective 1 (Pillar 1: Chemical Domain)
To develop methods and guidance for transparent and
scientifically sound use of chemistry driven
information in ITS.
Objective 2 (Pillar 2: Biological Domain)
• To provide efficient strategies and guidance for
exploitation of all types of biological information on
toxic effects of chemicals in ITS, focusing on reduced
animal use and informed extrapolation across human
and environmental toxicology, species, endpoints and
time scales.
REACH / Kiev 11/08/2009 27