Radiological anatomy of shoulder joint
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The shoulder joint, or glenohumeral joint, is a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a wide range of motion in the upper limb, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. It is formed by the articulation of the humeral head with the glenoid fossa of the scapula. The joint is surrounded by a lax capsule lined with synovial membrane and contains several bursae that reduce friction. Stability is provided by ligaments like the glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligaments. The rotator cuff muscles act together to produce shoulder movement. Blood supply comes from the circumflex humeral, circumflex sc
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Shoulder joint
• The shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) is a ball and socket joint between the scapula and the humerus. It is the major joint connecting the upper limb to the trunk.
• It is one of the most mobile joints in the human body, at the cost of joint stability.
Articulating Surfaces
• The shoulder joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the humerus with the glenoid cavity (or fossa) of the scapula. This gives rise to the alternate name for the shoulder joint – the glenohumeral joint.
• Like most synovial joints, the articulating surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage. The head of the humerus is much larger than the glenoid fossa, giving the joint a wide range of movement at the cost of inherent instability. To reduce the disproportion in surfaces, the glenoid fossa is deepened by a fibro cartilage rim, called the glenoid labrum.
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• The joint capsule is a fibrous sheath which encloses the structures of the joint. It extends from the anatomical neck of the humerus to the border or ‘rim’ of the glenoid fossa. The joint capsule is lax, permitting greater mobility (particularly abduction).
• The synovial membrane lines the inner surface of the joint capsule, and produces synovial fluid to reduce friction between the articular surfaces.
• To reduce friction in the shoulder joint, several synovial bursae are present. A bursa is a synovial fluid filled sac, which acts as a cushion between tendons and other joint structures.
The bursae that are important clinically are:
• Subacromial bursa: located deep to the deltoid and acromion, and superficial to the supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule. It reduces friction beneath the deltoid, promoting free motion of the rotator cuff tendons.
• Subscapular bursa: located between the subscapularis tendon and the scapula. It reduces wear and tear on the tendon during movement at the shoulder joint.
• Subcoracoid bursa: It is located anterior to the subscapularis muscle and inferior to the coracoid process. Its function is to reduce friction & facilitating internal and external rotation of the shoulder
Ligaments: In the shoulder joint, the ligaments play a key role in stabilizing the bony structures.
• Glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle and inferior): the joint capsule is formed by this group of ligaments connecting the humerus to the glenoid fossa. They are the main source of stability for the shoulder, holding it in place and preventing it from dislocating anteriorly. They act to stabilize the anterior aspect of the joint.
• Coracohumeral ligament: attaches the base of the coracoid process to the greater tubercle of the humerus. It supports the superior part of the joint capsule.
• Transverse humeral ligament: spans the distance between the two tubercles of the humerus. It holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps in the intertubercular groove.
• Coraco–clavicular ligament: composed of the trapezoid and conoid ligaments
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The shoulder joint, also known as the glenohumeral joint, is a ball and socket synovial joint between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula. It has a wide range of motion but lacks stability. The joint is surrounded by ligaments including the joint capsule, coracohumeral ligament, and glenohumeral ligaments. Accessory structures include bursae that reduce friction, such as the subacromial bursa. Common motions are flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Injuries include dislocations and rotator cuff tendonitis from overuse.
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Shoulder joint
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• The shoulder joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the humerus with the glenoid cavity (or fossa) of the scapula. This gives rise to the alternate name for the shoulder joint – the glenohumeral joint.
• Like most synovial joints, the articulating surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage. The head of the humerus is much larger than the glenoid fossa, giving the joint a wide range of movement at the cost of inherent instability. To reduce the disproportion in surfaces, the glenoid fossa is deepened by a fibro cartilage rim, called the glenoid labrum.
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• The joint capsule is a fibrous sheath which encloses the structures of the joint. It extends from the anatomical neck of the humerus to the border or ‘rim’ of the glenoid fossa. The joint capsule is lax, permitting greater mobility (particularly abduction).
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• Subacromial bursa: located deep to the deltoid and acromion, and superficial to the supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule. It reduces friction beneath the deltoid, promoting free motion of the rotator cuff tendons.
• Subscapular bursa: located between the subscapularis tendon and the scapula. It reduces wear and tear on the tendon during movement at the shoulder joint.
• Subcoracoid bursa: It is located anterior to the subscapularis muscle and inferior to the coracoid process. Its function is to reduce friction & facilitating internal and external rotation of the shoulder
Ligaments: In the shoulder joint, the ligaments play a key role in stabilizing the bony structures.
• Glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle and inferior): the joint capsule is formed by this group of ligaments connecting the humerus to the glenoid fossa. They are the main source of stability for the shoulder, holding it in place and preventing it from dislocating anteriorly. They act to stabilize the anterior aspect of the joint.
• Coracohumeral ligament: attaches the base of the coracoid process to the greater tubercle of the humerus. It supports the superior part of the joint capsule.
• Transverse humeral ligament: spans the distance between the two tubercles of the humerus. It holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps in the intertubercular groove.
• Coraco–clavicular ligament: composed of the trapezoid and conoid ligaments
Shoulder joint
The glenohumeral joint, or shoulder joint, is a ball and socket synovial joint that connects the upper limb to the trunk. It has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body. The ball is the head of the humerus and the socket is the glenoid cavity of the scapula. The joint is stabilized by ligaments including the coracohumeral ligament and strengthened anteriorly by the glenohumeral ligaments. It is supplied by nerves from the brachial plexus and blood vessels including the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries. Common injuries include anterior dislocation when the humeral head is forced anteriorly out of the joint. Rot
applied aspects of shoulder joint
The shoulder joint is a complex of four joints that provide a wide range of motion. It includes the sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, scapulothoracic, and glenohumeral joints. The glenohumeral joint is a ball and socket joint formed by the humeral head and glenoid cavity that allows the greatest range of movement. Stability is provided by the rotator cuff muscles, long head of the biceps brachii, bony processes, and extracapsular ligaments. The document describes the anatomy and functions of the bones, joints, muscles, nerves and blood supply of the shoulder complex.
Elbow complex (Biomechanics)
summary of Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Elbow joint (or) complex. This slide prepare for medical student purposes. All the concepts are explained in practically. THIS PPT FULLY SHOW IN ONLY DESKTOP VIEW.
ANATOMY OF ELBOW JOINT.pptx
The elbow joint is a hinge joint between the humerus, radius, and ulna. It allows for flexion and extension of the forearm. The elbow joint consists of the humeroulnar joint and humeroradial joint. Flexion is produced by the biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis muscles. Extension is produced solely by the triceps brachii muscle. Various ligaments and bursae provide stability and reduce friction at the joint. The radial head pivots on the ulna during pronation and supination of the forearm.
ANATOMY OF ELBOW JOINT.pptx
The elbow joint is a hinge joint between the humerus, radius, and ulna. It allows for flexion and extension of the forearm. The elbow joint consists of the humeroulnar joint and humeroradial joint. Flexion is produced by the biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis muscles. Extension is produced solely by the triceps brachii muscle. Various ligaments and bursae provide stability and reduce friction at the joint. The radial head pivots on the ulna during pronation and supination of the forearm.
Shoulder joint_nursing.pptx
This topic is related to the joints.
it is a type of synovial joint.
it is a ball and socket type.
This is very sensative joint and easy to have fracture to this part.
Shoulder bio-mechanics
1. The shoulder is a ball and socket joint made up of multiple bones and joints that provide a wide range of motion but also instability.
2. Stability is achieved through bony anatomy, ligaments, muscles, and negative pressure within the joint.
3. Muscles act in force couples to produce motion through balanced contraction of agonists and antagonists.
Biomechanics of elbow joint
This document discusses the biomechanics of the elbow joint. It describes the bones and joints that make up the elbow complex, including the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints. It details the range of motion, ligaments, muscles, and biomechanics involved in flexion, extension, pronation and supination. Common injuries around the elbow joint like compression injuries, distraction injuries, and varus/valgus injuries are also summarized.
Lesson 8 (The Shoulder).pptx
The document discusses the bones and joints of the shoulder girdle and shoulder joint. It describes that the shoulder girdle consists of the clavicle, scapula, and sternum. The shoulder joint involves the scapula, clavicle, and humerus. It allows for movements like flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. The document outlines the ligaments and muscles that support these bones and movements.
Glenohumeral joint
The document describes the anatomy and biomechanics of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint. It discusses the joint's articulating surfaces, ligaments, muscles, and neurovasculature that allow for its wide range of motion. It also notes the joint's inherent instability due to disproportionate bone surfaces and its susceptibility to anterior dislocation when excessive forces are applied. Common injuries like rotator cuff tendinitis and impingement are explained. The key takeaway is that the shoulder joint has great mobility but low stability, making it prone to dislocation, especially anteriorly into the weak anterior-inferior joint capsule.
Anatomy and xrays of shoulder joint
Compilation of detailed anatomy and xray views, their techniques and applicability in clinical practice.
upper limb joints.
to download this presentation from this link.
https://mohmmed-ink.blogspot.com/2020/12/joints-of-upper-limb.html
anatomy of the upper limb joints. shoulder, elbow, wrist hand
Biomechanics of joints
The document provides an overview of biomechanics and mechanics of several major joints in the human body. It discusses the introduction to biomechanics, types of joints, and mechanics of key joints including the elbow, shoulder, vertebral column, hip, knee, and ankle. For each joint, it describes the relevant bones, muscles, ligaments, and types of movements allowed. The document serves as a concise reference for understanding the biomechanics of major load-bearing joints in the human musculoskeletal system.
Shoulder Joint
The shoulder complex consists of 4 joints - the glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints. It involves the humerus, scapula, clavicle, ribs, and sternum bones. Key muscles are the pectoralis, deltoid, trapezius, serratus, and rhomboids. The glenohumeral joint is a ball-and-socket joint that allows great mobility. It connects the humeral head to the glenoid fossa. Ligaments like the coracohumeral and transverse humeral stabilize the joint, which also has bursae that reduce
joints & Major joints By M Thiru murugan.pptx
Bones & its types
By, M. Thiru murugan
Define Bones & write its types
Bones:
Bone are specialized forms of strong connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body.
It is composed of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate.
It also serves as a storage area for calcium
The smallest bone in the human body is called the stirrup or stapes bone, located deep inside the ear & The longest bone & strongest bone in the human is called the femur.
Classification or types of bones:
Bones are divided into 5 types.
Long Bone
Short Bone
Flat Bone
Irregular Bone
Sesamoid Bone
1. Long Bone:
A long bone is one that is cylindrical in shape, being longer than it is wide.
Shape of a bone, not its size.
Long bones are found in: Arms (humerus, ulna, radius) & fingers (metacarpals, phalanges) and also Legs (femur, tibia, fibula), and toes (metatarsals, phalanges).
Long bones function as levers; they move when muscles contract.
2. Short bones:
cube-like in shape, equal in length, width, and thickness.
Example: Carpals of the wrists & Tarsals of the ankles.
Short bones provide stability and support as well as some limited motion.
3. Flat Bones:
The term “flat bone” is somewhat of a misnomer because, although a flat bone is typically thin, it is also often curved.
Examples include the cranial bones, the scapulae, the sternum, and the ribs.
Flat bones serve as points of attachment for muscles and often protect internal organs.
4. Irregular Bones:
An irregular bone is one that does not have any easily characterized shape and therefore does not fit any other classification.
These bones tend to have more complex shapes, like the vertebrae, Many facial bones, particularly the ones containing sinuses.
5. Sesamoid Bones:
A sesamoid bone is a small, round bone that, as the name suggests, is shaped like a sesame seed.
These bones form in tendons where a great deal of pressure is generated in a joint.
The sesamoid bones protect tendons by helping them overcome compressive forces.
Sesamoid bones vary in number and placement from person to person but are typically found in tendons associated with the feet, hands, and knees.
The patellae (singular = patella) are the only sesamoid bones found in common with every person.
anatomy and biomechanics of Shoulder joint
The document provides an overview of the anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder joint. It discusses the following key points:
1. The shoulder joint is formed by the articulation of the humerus, scapula, and clavicle. It includes the glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints.
2. The glenohumeral joint is a ball and socket synovial joint that allows a wide range of motion but is structurally weak. Its stability depends on static stabilizers like muscles, ligaments, labrum and dynamic stabilizers like the rotator cuff.
3.
Knee joint.Session 1
The knee joint consists of two joints - the tibiofemoral joint and the patellofemoral joint. The tibiofemoral joint is formed by the femoral condyles articulating with the tibial plateau. The patellofemoral joint is formed by the patella articulating with the femoral groove. Stability is provided by ligaments, the joint capsule, menisci and muscles rather than bony structure. Motion occurs in flexion/extension and internal/external rotation planes. Knowledge of knee anatomy and function is essential for understanding injury mechanisms and treatment.
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Radiological anatomy of shoulder joint
- 1. Radiological Anatomy of Shoulder Joint Chandan Prasad Rajbhar Tutor College of paramedical sciences TMU, Moradabad
- 2. WHAT’S A SHOULDER JOINT?? • The glenohumeral, or shoulder, joint is a synovial joint that attaches the upper limb to the axial skeleton. It is a ball-and-socket joint, formed between the glenoid fossa of scapula (gleno-) and the head of humerus (- humeral).
- 3. • MOTIONS THE SHOULDER JOINT INCLUDE • The shoulder joint allows for a wide range of motion at the upper limb • Flexion • Extension • Abduction • Adduction • External/lateral rotation • Internal/medial rotation • And circumduction
- 4. STRUCTURES OF THE SHOULDER JOINT • Articulating Surfaces • The shoulder joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the humerus with the glenoid cavity (or fossa) of the scapula. • The articulating surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage.
- 5. JOINT CAPSULE AND BURSAE • The joint capsule is a fibrous sheath which encloses the structures of the joint. • It extends from anatomical neck of the humerus to the glenoid fossa. The joint capsule is lax, permitting greater mobility. • The synovial membrane lines the inner surface of the joint capsule, and produces synovial fluid to reduce friction between the articular surfaces. • BURSAE • A bursa is a synovial fluid filled sac, which acts as a cushion between tendons and other joint structures.
- 6. CLINICALLY IMPORTANT BURSAE • Subacromial • Located deep to the deltoid and acromion, and superficial to the supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule. • It reduces friction beneath the deltoid, promoting free motion of the rotator cuff tendons. • Subacromial bursitis (i.e. inflammation of the bursa) can be a cause of shoulder pain. • Subscapular • Located between the subscapularis tendon and the scapula. • It reduces wear and tear on the tendon during movement at the shoulder joint.
- 8. LIGAMENTS • Glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle and inferior) • It connects the humerus to the glenoid fossa. • Main source of stability for the shoulder, holding it in place and preventing it from dislocating anteriorly. • Coracohumeral ligament – attaches the base of the coracoid process to the greater tubercle of the humerus. • Transverse humeral ligament – spans the distance between the two tubercles of the humerus. • Coraco–clavicular ligament – composed of the trapezoid and conoid ligaments and runs from the clavicle to the coracoid process of the scapula.
- 10. ROTATOR CUFF • The rotator cuff muscles are four muscles that form a musculotendinous unit around the shoulder joint. • These are the • Supraspinatus • Infraspinatus • Teres minor and • Subscapularis muscles. • The function of this entire muscular apparatus is to produce movement at the shoulder joint.
- 11. Supraspinatus
- 12. Infraspinatus
- 13. Teres minor
- 15. BLOOD SUPPLY • Blood supply to the shoulder joint comes from the • Anterior and Posterior circumflex humeral • Circumflex scapular and • Suprascapular arteries.
- 16. THANK YOU