The document provides an overview of radar basics, including a brief history of radar development, an introduction to radar functions and principles, classifications of different radar types such as primary radar, secondary radar, and search radars used for surface, air and missile guidance, as well as advantages and disadvantages of radar systems. It also outlines a scheme of presentation for topics on radar functions, groups, and advantages and disadvantages.

2. RADAR BASIC
Prepared by:
Shahid Ali

3. SCHEME OF PRESENTATION
 HISTORY OF RADAR
 INTRODUCTION
 FUNCTIONS
 BASIC GROUPS
 CLASSIFICATION
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4. SCHEME OF PRESENTATION
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 SUMMARY
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5. HISTORY
 Reflection of radio waves were made in the
1920s by MAXVEL and other scientists
 He forecast that reflections could be obtained
from targets
 First radar named R.D.F (radio direction finding)
 First radar installed on HMS RODENY and HMS
SHEFIELD in 1939
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6. INTRODUCION
 Radar is an electronic system that uses reflected
electro magnetic energy to detect the presence
and position of objects invisible to the eye
It stands for:
 RAdio
 Direction
 And
 Ranging
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7. FUNCTIONS
 Search
 Height finding
 Missile Guidance
 Navigation
 Mapping
 Traffic control
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8. BASIC GROUPS
 Primary
 Secondary
 Continues wave
TX
RX
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9. PRIMARY RADAR
 Primary Radars are those Radars which have
different Transmitter and Receiver unit
 Requirement of Primary radar is to measure the
range/ bearing of contact
 Measuring the time taken of radio wave
 Use single antenna
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10. SECONDARY RADAR
 Radar in which the Transmitting and
Receiving station is same
 Interrogator transmits an encoded signal to a
target
 Aircraft transmissions can trigger responses
from fixed transmitters
 Aircraft’s position may
be accurately established
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11. CLASSIFICATION
Radar system are divided into types, based on the
designed use
 Search radar
 Specific characteristics
 IFF
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12. SEARCH RADAR
 Search radar continuously scans a volume of
space and provides initial detection of all targets
within that space
 Search radar further divided into specific types:
 Surface search
 Air search
 Height finding
 Tracking
 Missile guidance
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13. SURFACE SEARCH RADAR
Surface search radar has two primary function
 Detection and determination of accurate ranges
and bearing
 Maintain of a 360 degree search pattern
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14. AIR SEARCH RADAR
 Air search radar systems initially detect and
determine the
 Position
 Course
 Speed of air target
 Used as early warning
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15. HEIGHT FINDING RADAR
 Obtaining range, bearing and altitude data
 Detecting low flying aircraft
 Tracking aircraft over land
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16. MISSILE GUIDANCE RADAR
 Radar system that provides information used
to guide a missile to a hostile target
 Beam rider missiles follow a beam of radar
energy
 Homing missiles detect and home in on radar
energy reflected from the target
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17. ADVANTAGES
 Detects objects beyond the sighting range, in
dark and in bad weather
 Provide accurate Range, Bearing, Course,
Speed and Altitude information
 Effective use for Navigation purpose
 Can identify between friend and foe
 Control the traffic in harbour, on the road and
in the Airport
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18. DISADVANTAGES
 Disclose own position
 Jamming/ interference is possible
 EM waves is danger for human body
 Very sensitive and costly equipments
 May confuse friendly EW sensors with enemy
 Not easily avaliable in international market
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20. ANY QUERY ???
PLEASE !!!

21. RE N
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22. ASSIGNMENT
Visit the Quid-e-Azam Air port &
observe the Radar physically?