This document provides information about liquorice including its synonyms, biological and geographical sources, macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, chemical constituents, chemical tests, and uses. Liquorice refers to the dried peeled or unpeeled root and stolon of Glycyrrhiza glabra from the legume family. It is found growing wild in parts of Europe and Asia. Microscopically, it shows the presence of fibers, vessels and starch grains. Chemically, it contains saponins like glycyrrhizin and flavonoids which are detected using chemical tests. Liquorice has various medicinal uses like as an expectorant, tonic, and for treating peptic ulcers.

1. PRE SENTED BY :
Rahul Dev
Mohd Faiz Ansari
B. PHAR M VI SE M
Topic: Liquorice

2. Content
Synonyms
Biolaogical source
Geographical source
Macroscopic characters
Chemical consitutent
Microscopic characters
Chemical test
Uses

3. Liquorice
Synonyms: Glycyrrhiza, liquoric root glycyrrhizae
radis, mulethi.
Biological source: Liquorice consists of dried
peeled or unpeeled root and stolon of varieties
Glycyrrhiza glabra.
belonging to family Leguminosae.

4. Source
It is found in spain in, england, Russia, Iran.
Different varieties or commercial varieties:-
Glycyrrhiza glabra Var. Typica (Spanish licorice)
Glycyrrhiza glabra Var. Glandulifera (Russian licorice)
Glycyrrhiza glabra Var. Violacea (Passian licorice)

5. Macroscopic characters
Colour : Unpelled yellowish brown or dark
externally and internally tawny yellow.
 Odour: Faint and characteristic.
Tast: Sweet.
Shape : cylindrical pieces .
Size : Length 20 to 50 cm and 2 cm in diameter

6. Chemical constituents
 Saponin glycosides: Glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetic
acid.
 Coumarin derivatives: Herniarin, umbelliferone.
 Bitter principle: glyceramarin.
 Asparase, β-sitosterol, starch, resin and malic acid

7. Microscopic character

8. Chemical Test
 When sulphuric acid (80%) is added to a thick section of the drug or
powder, it instantly produced a deep yellow colour.
 Flavonoids test.
 Shinoda Test: Be have test solution add to magnesium turnings and add
to drop wise hydrochloric acid.
 Observed colour mainly pink color and after few mint red to green colour

9. USES
 Expectorant.
 Tonic.
 Laxative.
 Anti-inflammatory agent.
 Spasmolytic agent.
 Peptic ulcer.
Chewing gums, chocolate candy, and chewing
tobacco.

10. References:-
Trease and Evans; Pharmacognosy saunders elsevier
publication 16th edition pg no313.
Kokate C.K.“Pharmacognosy”, Nirali Prakashan, 50th
edition pg no 9.63.