Quasi experimental design
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1) The document reviews a journal article that examines the effects of using short stories on non-English major university students' speaking and writing skills. 2) The study used a quasi-experimental design with 40 undergraduate students assigned to either an experiment group that learned with short stories or a control group. 3) Results found that using short stories for one semester improved students' speaking and writing abilities compared to the control group who did not use short stories.
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Experimental research design
The document discusses research design. It defines research design as a blueprint that outlines how, where, and on whom a research study will be conducted. Experimental research design specifically examines the effect of independent variables on dependent variables by manipulating the independent variable. True experimental designs allow researchers to control extraneous variables and isolate the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. Several true experimental designs are described including post-test only, pretest-posttest, Solomon four-group, factorial, randomized block, and crossover designs.
Quasi Experimental Method
This document discusses quasi-experimental research designs. It defines quasi-experiments as resembling true experiments but lacking full control, such as random assignment. It describes various quasi-experimental designs including one group pre-test post-test, non-equivalent control group, interrupted time series, and time series with non-equivalent controls. Examples are provided of each design along with threats to validity. Common uses of quasi-experiments are discussed as well as advantages such as being able to be conducted in natural settings.
quasi-experimental research design
Quasi-experimental design is used when participants cannot be randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. It involves pre-tests and post-tests of experimental and control groups. There are three main variations: non-equivalent control group design with a treatment and control group given pre-tests and post-tests; single-group interrupted time-series design where one group is measured before and after a treatment with no control; and control-group interrupted time-series design where two non-random groups are measured over time with one receiving a treatment.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
Experimental research design aims to test hypotheses about causal relationships. It involves manipulating an independent variable and observing its effect on a dependent variable under controlled conditions. True experimental designs have three key features - manipulation, control, and randomization. Manipulation means consciously controlling the independent variable. Control involves using a control group to account for extraneous variables. Randomization ensures subjects are randomly assigned to conditions. Common true experimental designs include post-test only, pretest-posttest, Solomon four-group, factorial, randomized block, and crossover designs. While powerful for establishing causation, experimental research also has limitations for studying humans.
Experimental research
Experimental research is the most conclusive scientific method because the researcher directly manipulates the independent variable and studies its effects on the dependent variable. This allows the researcher to determine causation, unlike other research methods. The purpose is to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Basic steps include having an experimental group that receives a treatment and a control group that does not, then comparing outcomes. Key characteristics include random assignment to control threats to internal validity. Poor designs do not include control groups or random assignment, making it impossible to determine if results are due to the treatment.
True experimental research design
True experimental research designs aim to establish causal relationships. They have four key elements: manipulation of the independent variable, use of control groups, random assignment of subjects to conditions, and random selection of subjects. Randomized controlled trials are a type of true experiment that are considered the gold standard for determining cause and effect. Common true experimental designs include pre-test post-test control group designs, post-test only control group designs, and Solomon four-group designs.
Quasi Experimental Research Design
This document discusses quasi-experimental research design, which resembles a true experiment but lacks key components such as random assignment or a control group. Quasi-experiments involve manipulating an independent variable but do not have randomization or a control group. The three most popular quasi-experimental designs are: non-equivalent control group design, time series design, and multiple time series design. Quasi-experiments are used when true experiments are not feasible or ethical.
Descriptive Research Method
Descriptive research method is used to obtain information about the current status of phenomena without manipulating the environment. It describes "what exists" with respect to variables in a situation. There are several types of descriptive research methods including survey method, content analysis method, and correlation method. Developmental study method examines changes and trends over time using longitudinal studies, cross-sectional studies, or trend studies. Longitudinal studies follow the same subjects over a long period of time while cross-sectional studies observe different subjects of various developmental stages at the same point in time. Both methods aim to evaluate changes occurring within the context of time.
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Experimental research design
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Quasi Experimental Method
This document discusses quasi-experimental research designs. It defines quasi-experiments as resembling true experiments but lacking full control, such as random assignment. It describes various quasi-experimental designs including one group pre-test post-test, non-equivalent control group, interrupted time series, and time series with non-equivalent controls. Examples are provided of each design along with threats to validity. Common uses of quasi-experiments are discussed as well as advantages such as being able to be conducted in natural settings.
quasi-experimental research design
Quasi-experimental design is used when participants cannot be randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. It involves pre-tests and post-tests of experimental and control groups. There are three main variations: non-equivalent control group design with a treatment and control group given pre-tests and post-tests; single-group interrupted time-series design where one group is measured before and after a treatment with no control; and control-group interrupted time-series design where two non-random groups are measured over time with one receiving a treatment.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
Experimental research design aims to test hypotheses about causal relationships. It involves manipulating an independent variable and observing its effect on a dependent variable under controlled conditions. True experimental designs have three key features - manipulation, control, and randomization. Manipulation means consciously controlling the independent variable. Control involves using a control group to account for extraneous variables. Randomization ensures subjects are randomly assigned to conditions. Common true experimental designs include post-test only, pretest-posttest, Solomon four-group, factorial, randomized block, and crossover designs. While powerful for establishing causation, experimental research also has limitations for studying humans.
Experimental research
Experimental research is the most conclusive scientific method because the researcher directly manipulates the independent variable and studies its effects on the dependent variable. This allows the researcher to determine causation, unlike other research methods. The purpose is to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Basic steps include having an experimental group that receives a treatment and a control group that does not, then comparing outcomes. Key characteristics include random assignment to control threats to internal validity. Poor designs do not include control groups or random assignment, making it impossible to determine if results are due to the treatment.
True experimental research design
True experimental research designs aim to establish causal relationships. They have four key elements: manipulation of the independent variable, use of control groups, random assignment of subjects to conditions, and random selection of subjects. Randomized controlled trials are a type of true experiment that are considered the gold standard for determining cause and effect. Common true experimental designs include pre-test post-test control group designs, post-test only control group designs, and Solomon four-group designs.
Quasi Experimental Research Design
This document discusses quasi-experimental research design, which resembles a true experiment but lacks key components such as random assignment or a control group. Quasi-experiments involve manipulating an independent variable but do not have randomization or a control group. The three most popular quasi-experimental designs are: non-equivalent control group design, time series design, and multiple time series design. Quasi-experiments are used when true experiments are not feasible or ethical.
Descriptive Research Method
Descriptive research method is used to obtain information about the current status of phenomena without manipulating the environment. It describes "what exists" with respect to variables in a situation. There are several types of descriptive research methods including survey method, content analysis method, and correlation method. Developmental study method examines changes and trends over time using longitudinal studies, cross-sectional studies, or trend studies. Longitudinal studies follow the same subjects over a long period of time while cross-sectional studies observe different subjects of various developmental stages at the same point in time. Both methods aim to evaluate changes occurring within the context of time.
COR-RELATIONAL DESIGN
This document discusses correlational research design, which examines relationships between variables without manipulation. It has independent and dependent variables, and the researcher determines how changes in one variable correlate with changes in the other through statistical analysis. Correlational design can be either prospective, observing relationships from cause to effect over time, or retrospective, examining current phenomena in relation to past events. Examples given are a prospective study of tsunami stress and a retrospective study of adolescent drug abuse risk factors.
QUASI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
This document discusses quasi-experimental research design. Quasi-experimental design involves manipulating an independent variable to observe its effects on a dependent variable, but lacks random assignment of subjects to groups or a control group, unlike a true experiment. The two main types discussed are non-randomized control group design and time series design. Non-randomized control group design assesses the effect of a treatment by giving it to an experimental group and not a control group, without random assignment, while measuring the dependent variable before and after for both groups. Time series design measures the dependent variable multiple times before, during, and after administering a treatment over a long period, such as weekly measurements of student performance before and after a new teaching technique.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
Experimental research design involves manipulating an independent variable and observing its effect on a dependent variable under controlled conditions. There are three main types of experimental designs: true experimental designs have complete control and random assignment; quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment; and pre-experimental designs have no control. True experiments consist of manipulation, control, and randomization. Common true experimental designs include post-test only, pretest-posttest, Solomon four-group, factorial, randomized block, and crossover designs. Randomization helps reduce bias by giving all subjects an equal chance of being in the experimental or control group.
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This presentation is for educational purpose only. I do not own the rights to written material or pictures or illustrations used.
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Experimental research is the most conclusive scientific method because the researcher directly manipulates the independent variable and studies its effects on the dependent variable. This allows the researcher to determine causal relationships. The purpose is to establish cause-and-effect between variables. Basic steps involve having an experimental group that receives a treatment and a control group that does not, then comparing outcomes. Key characteristics include random assignment to control threats to internal validity. Poor designs have no control groups or pre/post tests for comparison, while strong designs use random assignment to treatment/control groups.
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Experimental research design involves manipulating an independent variable and observing its effect on a dependent variable under controlled conditions. There are three main types of experimental designs: true experimental designs have complete control and random assignment; quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment; and pre-experimental designs have no control. True experiments consist of manipulation, control, and randomization. Common true experimental designs include post-test only, pretest-posttest, Solomon four-group, factorial, randomized block, and crossover designs. Randomization helps reduce bias by giving all subjects an equal chance of being in the experimental or control group.
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This presentation is for educational purpose only. I do not own the rights to written material or pictures or illustrations used.
This is being uploaded for students who are in search of, or trying to understand how a quasi-experimental research design should look like.
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Standardized tests are designed and administered consistently to allow for comparison of student performance. Tests are given to a sample group to determine average scores and the spread of scores. This establishes norms that individual students can be compared to. There are two main types of standardized tests - norm-referenced tests which compare students to peers, and criterion-referenced tests which assess knowledge of a defined subject area. Tests go through a process of development that includes trying out drafts, analyzing results, revising weak questions, and further testing to establish reliability and validity.
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Student Name: Sidera Saleem
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Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
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Validity, its types, measurement & factors.
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The document provides an overview of quantitative research methodology. It discusses key concepts including population, sampling, samples, and qualitative scales. Specifically, it defines population as any complete group with at least one characteristic in common. It explains that sampling is used to select a subset of a population for a study. The document also outlines different types of measurement scales in quantitative research including nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales.
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Quasi experimental design
- 1. A REVIEW ON A JOURNAL ARTICLE By Abdul Najib Tuanany
- 5. • Control….to arrange a situation in which the effect of manipulated variable on a dependent variable can be investigated. • Manipulation (of an independent variable) It is a deliberate or intentional operation performed by the experimenter Treatment • Observation and Measurement Dependent Variable
- 6. • Basis for the distinction: • Degree of control applied by the researcher • Whether randomization is done or not. • Degree of control refers to the degree of the researcher control over other variables that are not investigated but may influence the result of experiment. • Randomization refers to the random procedure in assigning subjects into the control and experimental groups.
- 7. • A Quasi-Experimental Study on Using Short Stories: Statistical and Inferential Analyses on the Non- English Major University Students’ Speaking and Writing Achievement • Written By Jaya Nur Iman • Published in International Journal of Languages’ Education and Teaching Volume 5, Issue 1, April2017, p. 421-433
- 8. Data Source • Short Stories Research Methodology • Quasi Experiments Sample Data • 40 Undergraduate Students of the 1st Semester of Urban and Regional Planning Study Program of Indo Global Mandiri University (Non-English department) 20 Students as Experiment Group 20 Students as Control Group
- 9. Research Time • One Semester of active and learning process Research Aim • Increasing Students’ Speaking and Writing Skills
- 10. Control of other variables Randomizati on Design NO NO Pre-experimental YES YES True experimental YES NO Quasi-experimental NO YES Quasi-experimental
- 11. • X = independent variable or the treatment. • E = experimental group (group that receives the treatment) • C = control group (group that DOES NOT receive the treatment) • S = subjects • R = randomization/random assignment • Mr = matching of subjects • Y = measurement
- 12. •The simple ED will observe at least two variables and two participant group. •Two variables Independent & Dependent •Two Groups experimental & control Independent variable manipulation can only be done to the experimental group.
- 13. a. One-group pretest-posttest design Y1 X Y2 b. Static group comparison design E X Y2 C ▬ Y2
- 14. The true- experimental designs can be classified as: randomized subjects posttest-only control group design, randomized matched subjects posttest-only control group design, randomized subjects pretest-posttest control group design, Solomon three-group design, Solomon four-group design, simple factorial designs.
- 15. Randomized subjects, posttest-only control group design is illustrated as follows: (R) E X Y2 (R) C ▬ Y2