Puccinia graminis is a fungus that causes black stem rust disease in wheat. It has a complex life cycle involving two different hosts. On wheat, its primary host, the fungus reproduces asexually through urediniospores and teliospores. On barberry, its secondary host, it reproduces sexually through basidiospores. The spores produced on each host are able to infect the other, completing the life cycle. The polymorphic nature of the fungus allows it to produce different spore types adapted for each host.

1. CLASSIFICATION:CLASSIFICATION:
Kingdom: MycotaKingdom: Mycota
Division: EumycotaDivision: Eumycota
Subdivision:Subdivision:
BasidiomycotinaBasidiomycotina

2. INTRODUCTION:INTRODUCTION:
The genus includes about 3000The genus includes about 3000
species of these 147 has beenspecies of these 147 has been
reported from India.reported from India.
It causes a rust disease - blackIt causes a rust disease - black
stem rust of Wheatstem rust of Wheat..

3. Class: TeliomycetesClass: Teliomycetes
Order: UredinalesOrder: Uredinales
Family: PucciniaceaeFamily: Pucciniaceae
Genus: PucciniaGenus: Puccinia
 Species : graminisSpecies : graminis

4.  Puccinia graminisPuccinia graminis is an obligateis an obligate
parasite.parasite.
 It is a heterocious parasite.It is a heterocious parasite.
 It’s life cycle on Wheat and onIt’s life cycle on Wheat and on
Barberry.Barberry.
 Wheat is a primary host.Wheat is a primary host.
 Barberry is a secondary orBarberry is a secondary or
alternate host.alternate host.

6. Dikaryophase Reproduction:Dikaryophase Reproduction:
On WheatOn Wheat PucciniaPuccinia reproduces byreproduces by
(Asexual) sporulation.(Asexual) sporulation.
The spores are of two kinds:The spores are of two kinds:
(i)(i) Uridiospores (2N)Uridiospores (2N)
UridosporangiumUridosporangium
(ii)(ii) Telutospores (2N)Telutospores (2N)
TelutosporangiumTelutosporangium
(iii) Basidio spores(iii) Basidio spores

7. Each cell contains a pairEach cell contains a pair
of nuclei (n + n)of nuclei (n + n)
constituting a dikaryon.constituting a dikaryon.
To obtain nutritionTo obtain nutrition
haplophase phase develophaplophase phase develop
haustoria.haustoria.

8. Uredineal Stage:Uredineal Stage:
The hyphae of the dikaryoticThe hyphae of the dikaryotic
mycelium - aggregate nearmycelium - aggregate near
the surface of the infectedthe surface of the infected
organ to form a hyphal massorgan to form a hyphal mass
known as Ureida.known as Ureida.

9.  The tip of each hyphae swells toThe tip of each hyphae swells to
form a single binucleate ovalform a single binucleate oval
uredospore formed in a group.uredospore formed in a group.
uredinium or uredosorus.uredinium or uredosorus.
 They exert pressure on theThey exert pressure on the
epidermis, finally ruptured inepidermis, finally ruptured in
form of slits through which rustyform of slits through which rusty
coloured Uredospores are seen.coloured Uredospores are seen.

11. Puccinia
Uredo-
Mycelium
Uredospore

12. Puccinia
Uredo-
sporangium
-Wheat

13. Uredospore
are stalked,
unicellular
oval,
binucleate
structures,
rusty red in
colour.

14. Telial Stage:Telial Stage:
 Late in growing season,Late in growing season,
Uredospores are metamorphosesUredospores are metamorphoses
into Telutospores in the sameinto Telutospores in the same
Uredosori.Uredosori.
 Uredosori is known as Telutosori.Uredosori is known as Telutosori.
 Telutospores are dark brown orTelutospores are dark brown or
black in colour.black in colour.

15. Stage III: Telia bearingStage III: Telia bearing
teliospores (n+n>2n)teliospores (n+n>2n)

16. PucciniaPuccinia TelutoTeluto
sporangiumsporangium
Telutospores

17. TelutosporesTelutospores
Dark brown orDark brown or
black in colour.black in colour.
stalked, twostalked, two
celled, spindlecelled, spindle
shaped.shaped.
The wall is thick,The wall is thick,
black andblack and
smooth.smooth.

18. Puccinia telutoPuccinia teluto
sporesspores
•Each cell has two nuclei (one plus strain
and the other of minus strain).
•final stage on primary host
•Telutospore matures, the nuclei in each
cell fuse to form a diploid nucleus
(Kayogamy) (2N).

19. Germination of Teluto sporeGermination of Teluto spore
 On SoilOn Soil
 Favourable condition- ProperFavourable condition- Proper
Temperature, MoistureTemperature, Moisture
 Germination of Teluto spore-Germination of Teluto spore-
germination tube - Epibasidiumgermination tube - Epibasidium

20. Germination ofGermination of
TeliosporeTeliospore
Germination tube

21. Germinated Teluto spore and formationGerminated Teluto spore and formation
of Basidium & Basidio sporesof Basidium & Basidio spores
Epibasidium
Basidio spore
(+) Or (-)Sterigmata
Hypobasidium Basidium

22. BasidiosporesBasidiospores
(+ and -)(+ and -)
Basidiospores
germinate on
upper epidermis of
Barberry leaf and
produce
Pycniosporangium

23. Stages ofStages of
Puccinia onPuccinia on
Barberry leafBarberry leaf
 Pycniospores stage:Pycniospores stage: On upperOn upper
epidermis with +ve and – veepidermis with +ve and – ve
basidiospores (Sexual reproduction)basidiospores (Sexual reproduction)
(Plasmogamy)(Plasmogamy)
 Aecidiospore stageAecidiospore stage: On lower: On lower
epidermis, Binucleate Aecidiosporeepidermis, Binucleate Aecidiospore

24. Infection ofInfection of PucciniaPuccinia on Barberryon Barberry
leaf Lower and Upper sidesleaf Lower and Upper sides

25. Puccinia PycniumPuccinia Pycnium on Upperon Upper
epidermisepidermis

26. Receptive hyphae and SpermatiaReceptive hyphae and Spermatia
Spermatia Receptive hyphae

27. Develop-Develop-
ment ofment of
AecidiospAecidiosp
orangiumorangium

28. Stage I: Aecia bearingStage I: Aecia bearing
aeciospores (n+n)aeciospores (n+n)

29. •PucciniaPuccinia- Aecio sporangium on lower- Aecio sporangium on lower
epidermisepidermis aeciospores infect primary host.aeciospores infect primary host.
Aeciospores produced on alternate hostAeciospores produced on alternate host
(e.g.,Barberry) infect primary host (e.g.,(e.g.,Barberry) infect primary host (e.g.,
grasses)grasses)

30.  Aeciospores-Aeciospores-
round, yellowishround, yellowish
red, Unicellular,red, Unicellular,
binucleate, thickbinucleate, thick
walled, 6 germwalled, 6 germ
pores.pores.
 Germinate onGerminate on
wheat plant.wheat plant.
Aeciospores
Aecidiosporangium

31. Puccinia-Puccinia-
Polymorphic fungiPolymorphic fungi
 Polymorphism: Various types ofPolymorphism: Various types of
spores produced during life cyclespores produced during life cycle
according to hosts life cycle andaccording to hosts life cycle and
climatic condition.climatic condition.
 Known as Polymorphism.Known as Polymorphism.
 Fungi shows polymorphism knownFungi shows polymorphism known
as Polymorphic fungi.as Polymorphic fungi.

32. Puccinia Life Cycle

33. Puccinia life cyclePuccinia
Life Cycle

34. This powerpoint was kindly donated to
www.worldofteaching.com
http://www.worldofteaching.com
Is home to well over a thousand powerpoints
submitted by teachers. This a free site. Please visit
and I hope it will help in your teaching