This document discusses group learning and dynamics. It defines what a group is and characteristics of effective groups. It describes primary and secondary groups, formal and informal groups, and factors that affect group cohesion and morale like leadership, structure, and goals. Maintaining group cohesion requires strong bonds between members through cooperation, communication and a shared identity. Understanding group dynamics helps optimize group performance and the learning experience.

1. LEARNING IN GROUPS
LEARNING IN GROUPS

2. Group learning plays vital
roles in facilitating and
enhancing learning .

3. GROUP
• Group means two or
more individuals with
shared characteristics .
• It is a set of people
who see each other
frequently and
consider themselves
as a part of the group

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF A GROUP
 It includes two or more
individuals
 It has common goals
 It keeps common code identity
 There is active interaction
among members
 There is interdependence
 It causes fellow feeling
 It causes collective feeling
 It facilitates collective wisdom
 It has a well organized structure

5.  It gives sense of security to the members of the
group
 It gives status
 It develops self esteem
 It facilitates attaining goals
 It increases power of the individuals
 It facilitates socialization
 It facilitates sharing of feelings among members
 It develops problem solving skills
 It develops patience in members
 It facilitates innovative movements

6. TYPES OF GROUPS

7. PRIMARY GROUPS
Primary groups are those that are
intimately knitted . They are typically
small in size but intimate in relationships
, and are usually long lasting . The
members of primary group feel a strong
personal identity with the group .
E.g. : nuclear family , group of close
friends.

8. SECONDARY GROUP
A secondary group has a formal structure .
Contacts and communications are mostly
indirect because secondary group s are
bigger in size and members may not stay
together .The members depend on mass
media for communication

9. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PRIMARY AND SECONDRY GROUPS
 It may be small or large
in size
 Relationship is not
intimate
 It does not last long
 It is impersonal in nature
 People spend less time
in this group
 Less influence on the
personality of the
members
 It is small in size
 There is intimate
relationship
 It lasts long
 It is personal in nature
 People spend more
time in this group
 High influence on the
personality of the
members

10. Formal and InFormal Groups
o Formal groups are groups having
their on rules and guidelines .
Eg : school , college .
o Informal groups are formed on the
basis friendship ,interest et
o The casual getting together of
individuals for any purpose can be
termed as informal group. This type
of group s may not have its own rigid
rules .
E.g.: coming together of some persons
to discuss a marriage related matter.

11. GROUP DYNAMICS
Group dynamics is the scientific study of groups
. It studies group’s information , structure ,
interaction , behavior and process.
It can be defined as a system of social and
psychological processes.
Group dynamics is based on the field theory of
Kurt lewin .

12. Educational significance of group
dynamics
 It facilitates student involvement in the learning
process
 It emphasizes the importance of group method
 It helps the teacher improve the relationships in
the class
 It helps the teacher and students achieve
emotional balance
 It cultivate leadership quality in pupils
 It enriches teacher pupil attachment
 It facilitate discipline in the class
 It develops sense or responsibility in pupils

13. GROUP COHESION
Group cohesion means the bond
that links individuals to the group .
Group cohesion is a measure of the
attraction of the group to its
members , the sense of team spirit
and the willingness of its members
coordinate their efforts. when
cohesion is strong , the group will
remain stable but when its is week
the group may full apart.

14. Characteristics Of Group Cohesion
 It shows the strength of the unity of the group
 It shows the feeling of attraction of members
to the group
 There is shared sense of belonging
 It creates desire to be enthusiastic about the
group
 It causes to sacrifice individual desire for the
group goodness
 It shows the willingness to work together
towards some goals
 Individual responsibility for the group tasks

15.  Interdependences among members
of the group
 Size of the group
 Achievement of group goals
 Age of the individuals
 Family expectations
 Motivation
 Out look of the individuals
 Team spirit of the members
 Individual need of the members
 Personal benefits
 Interest of the members
 Attitude of the members
Factors Affecting Group Cohesion

16. Advantages Of Group Cohesion
 It provides healthy social and
psychological setting
 It gives members increased sense of
security
 It improves fellow feeling among
individuals
 It facilitates socialization
 It develops values in members
 Group performance
 It develops good citizenship in
individuals
 Group performance It strengthens
social relationship

17. COMMON BARRIERS TO GROUP
COHESION
 Conflict of tasks among
members of the group
 Clash of personalities in the
group
 Breakdown in
communication among group
members
 Struggle foe power in the
group
 Lack of opportunity for free
expression
 Poor impression of the group
 Lack of democracy
 Largeness of the group size
 Unpleasant experiences

18. Tecniques to Develop Group
Cohesion

19. GROUP MORALE
Group morale is the spirit of a
group that makes it want to
succeed. It refers to the efforts
of an individual or group to
enhance the effectiveness of
the group in accomplishing a
task.

20. Factors Affecting Morale
Objectives of the organizations
Leadership
Behavior of the members
Job satisfaction
Structure of the organization
Remuneration
Advance and Promotional
Opportunity
Physical and Mental Health
Working Atmosphere