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Group Dynamics
Group dynamics and behavior play an important role in organizations. A group is defined as two or more people who share a common identity and behave accordingly. There are formal groups structured by the organization and informal groups formed by employee interests and friendships. Groups go through stages of forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. Key group dynamics include composition, size, roles, norms, leadership, and cohesiveness. Both internal group factors and external organizational conditions influence group behavior. Effective group decision making can generate more complete information but can also be time consuming and increase pressure to conform.
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Group Dynamics
- 1. Group Dynamics zenith By group D.K.D. Madhubhashini K. Sujeevakanthan K.P.W.A.S.B Kaduwela H.M. Madhumathi K.Haluwana K.D.D.U.S.B. Amarathunga Aroshi S. Tennekoon A.M.S.B. Abeysekara U.P. Wijewardane on 14th January 2012
- 2. What is a“Group”? Two or more people who share a common definition and evaluation of themselves and behave in accordance with such a definition. (Vaughan & Hogg, 2002, p. 200)
- 3. Two or more Who see them selves People as group members Group Share common goals Inter act with each other
- 4. Groups Vs Teams All teams are Groups but not all groups are teams Skills in team is a force of together “Less me more Us” Team have individual tasks and Responsibility link to the task. A team have a positive synergy 1+1<2
- 5. Classification of Groups Groups Formal Informal Command Tasks Interest Friendship groups groups groups groups
- 6. Formal Groups Structured toperform specific tasks Command Groups Groups that are determined by the organization chart and composed of individuals who report directly to a given manager Tasks Groups Groups composed of individuals brought together to complete a specific job task ; their existence is often temporary because once the task is completed, the group disbands.
- 7. Informal Groups Created byworkers to meet their needs. Friendship Groups Made up of employees who enjoys each other’s company. satisfy the need for human interaction and social support. Interest Groups Workers seek to achieve a common goal based on their membership in then organization. managers should observe interest groups to learn what employees see as
- 8. Reasons for JoiningGroups Security Status Self –Esteem Affiliation Power Goal Achievement
- 9. Performing Norming Storming Forming Forming Interdependence Adjourning Independence Independence
- 10. Members join& begin the process of defining the group’s purpose, structure & leadership.
- 11. Storming Conflict & confrontation(disagreements) Intra group conflict occurs as individuals resist control by the group & disagree over lead. .
- 12. Norming Close relationshipsdevelop as the group becomes cohesive & establishes its norms for acceptable behavior.
- 13. Performing Group fullyfunctional Devoted to task at hand Mutual assistance Creativity Understanding goals & roles (Independence)
- 14. Adjourning (End of group/ new modified group) The group prepares to disband & is no longer concerned with high levels of performance.
- 15. Dynamics of agroup Composition Size Status Group Dynamics Leadership Roles Cohesiveness Norms
- 16. Dynamics of agroup Composition Factor that determines the efficiency of collaborative learning is the composition of the group. Most intensive variable is the heterogeneity of the groups. Underlying Types of diversity Attributes Age Information Gender Knowledge Intelligence Creativity Race Values Ethnicity Skills
- 17. Dynamics of agroup Size Smaller group – Cohesion develops more quickly. Productive For completion of a particular task Larger group – more effective for problem solving. Social loafing effect can be occur. ( more numbers can lead to less individual effort and individual becomes a free rider)
- 18. Dynamics of agroup Roles Group roles are largely determined by a combination of a person’s personality and his or her experience with group settings Assigned roles- chairmen , secretary , manager, treasurer Emergent roles- confidant , group joker , gossiper , mentor
- 19. Dynamics of agroup Norms stands behavior Acceptable What should/should not to do Common classes of norms….. Performance ppearance Social arrangement Allocation of resource Why…… Group survival Measure predictability of members behavior Reduce embarrassing
- 20. Dynamics of agroup Cohesiveness Forming united whole Degree of motivated to remain in group Depend on….. Interpersonal attraction Record of high performance in past Competition with other groups
- 21. Introduction: George Elton Mayo who's known as the founder of “Human Relations Movement” has mentioned in his book, “The Human Problems of an Industrialized Civilization” the importance of Group Behavior and its benefit towards an Organization. When it comes to Group Behavior, the Conditions Effecting Group Behavior is an important aspect, which it could be divided as, External (organizational) conditions Internal Group variables
- 22. Conditions Effecting Group Behavior External(organizational) Conditions Internal Group Variables •Overall strategy •Individual competencies and traits •Authority structures of members •Formal regulations •Group structure •Available organizational resources •Employee selection criteria •Size of the group •Organizational culture •General physical layout •Internal pressure on members to conform or the group’s norms •Personal selection processes •Performance evaluation and reward systems
- 23. Group decision Inthis path Introduction about group decision process…. Method of decision making…… Advantages of group decision making…… Disadvantages of group decision making……
- 24. Group decision Acomplex process…………………………. Require opinions from others………… On the process of decision making there are several methods…. A. Authoritarian Style like a dictatorship Decision rest in the hand of the power full person…..
- 25. B. Brainstorming Excellent method Get the decision on consensus c. Voting Based Method Can you remember Voting Based Method????
- 26. Generate morecomplete information and knowledge... Generate more diverse alternatives….. Increases acceptance of a solution…… Increases legitimacy of decision…. Time consuming……. Minority domination….. Pressure to conform……
- 27. Summary What isa group Difference between a group and a team Types of groups Reasons of joining groups Tuchman’s five theory of group development Dynamics of groups Conditions effecting group behavior Group decisions
- 28.