Psychoanalytic Theory

1. PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
SUBMITTED TO:
PROF. AGNES MONTALBO
RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
SUBMITTED BY:
MILCAH L. BONTUYAN

2. Therapeutic Process
 Therapist
Relationship /
 Client / Analysand Rapport
 Intervention / Therapeutic Technique

3. PSYCHOANALYTIC THERAPY
Common Treatable Problems:
• phobia
• compulsion
• obsession
• anxiety
• depression
• sexual dysfunction
• wide variety of relationship problems

4. THERAPEUTIC GOALS
1. To make the unconscious conscious.
 There is a deeper probing into the past to
develop the level of of self understanding
that is assumed to be necessary for a
change in character.

5. THERAPEUTIC GOALS
Digging into the past through
Childhood Experience
• Reconstructed
• Discussed
• Interpreted
• Analyzed

6. THERAPEUTIC GOALS
2. To strenghten the ego
• Therapy is oriented toward achieving
insight, not just intellectual understanding.
• The feelings and memories associated with
self understanding must be experienced.

7. THERAPIST'S FUNCTION AND ROLE
Role :
1. "blank screen" approach - anonymous
stance
• Engaging in very little self disclosure and
maintain a sense of neutrality to foster a
tranference relationship.
2. to be a listener and interpreter

8. THERAPIST'S FUNCTION AND ROLE
Transference Relationship - transfer of feelings
originally experienced in an early relationship
to other important people in a person's
present environment.
- a cornerstone of psychoanalysis

9. THERAPIST'S FUNCTION AND ROLE
Functions:
1. to help the clients acquire the freedom to love,
work and play
2. to assist the clients in achieving awareness,
honesty and more effective relationships
3. to help the patient to deal with anxiety in a
realistic way.

10. THERAPIST'S FUNCTION AND ROLE
4. to gain control over impulsive and irrational
behavior
5. to teach the clients the meaning of the
therapy
(through interpretation)

11. THERAPIST'S FUNCTION AND ROLE
Therapy Process
1. Therapist must establish a working
relationship with the client.
2. Therapist must do a lot of listening and
interpreting .

12. THERAPIST'S FUNCTION AND ROLE
3. Therapist must give particular attention to
the client's resistance.
4. Therapist must listen, learn and decide when
to make appropriate interpretations.

13. CLIENTS EXPERIENCE IN THERAPY
 Termination of the Session:
 mutual agreement by the client and the
analyst are discussed.
 successful analysis answers a client's "why"
questions regarding his or her life

14. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
Classical Psychoanalysis
- the analyst stands outside the relationship,
comments on it, and offers insight producing
interpretations.

15. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
Relational Psychoanalysis
• the therapist does not strive for a detached
and objective stance.

16. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
Therapeutic Relationship
- clients are able to find new modes of
functioning that are no longer encumbered
by the neurotic conflicts that once interfered
with their lives.

17. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
Transference - the client's unconscious shifting
to the analyst of feelings and fantasies that
are reactions to significant others in the
client's past.
- it reflects the deep patterning of old
experiences in relationships as they emerge
in current life.

18. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
example of negative transference:
clients may transfer unresolved feelings
toward a stern and unloving father to the
analyst, who, in their eyes, becomes stern
and unloving.
- Angry feelings will progress.

19. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
example of positive transference:
• falling in love with the analyst
• wish to be adopted
• seek the love, acceptance and approval of
an all powerful therapist

20. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
Working-through process:
- an exploration of unconscious material and
defenses, most of which originated in early
childhood.
- achieved by repeating interpretations and by
exploring forms of resistance.
- it results in a resolution of old patterns and
allows clients to make new choices.

21. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
Countertransference - the therapist's total
emotional response to a client.
- occurs when there is inappropriate affect.
- when therapist respond in irrational ways
- when therapist lose their objectivity in a
relationship because their own conflicts are
triggered.

22. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
example of countertransference:
a male client may become excessively
dependent on his female therapist. The client
may look to her to direct him and tell him how
to live, and he may look to her for the love
and acceptance that he felt he was unable to
secure from his mother.

23. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND
CLIENT
The psychoanalytic approach assumes that
without this dynamic self-understanding there
can be no substantial personality change or
resolution of present conflicts.

24. APPLICATION: THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND
PROCEDURES
Six BasicTechnique of
Psychoanalytic Therapy
1. maintaning the analytic framework
2. free association
3. interpretation
4. dream analysis
5. analysis of resistance
6. analysis of transference

25. APPLICATION: THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND
PROCEDURES
1. Maintaining the Analytic Framework
- a whole range procedural and stylistic
factors such as the analyst's relative
anonymity, the regularity and consistency of
meetings starting and ending the sessions on
time.

26. APPLICATION: THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND
PROCEDURES
2. Free Association
- clients are encouraged to say whatever
comes to mind without censorship.
• often leads to some recollection of past
experiences
• at times, a release of intense
feeling(catharsis)that have
been blocked

27. APPLICATION: THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND
PROCEDURES
example of Free Association:
A slip of the tongue can suggest that an
expressed emotion is accompanied by a
conflicting affect.
• Areas that clients do not talk about are as
significant as the areas they do discuss.

28. APPLICATION: THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND
PROCEDURES
3. Interpretation
- consist of the analyst's pointing out,
explaining and even teaching the client the
meanings of behavior that is manifested in
dreams, free association, resistances, and
the therapeutic relationship itself.

29. APPLICATION: THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND
PROCEDURES
Rules in Interpretation
1. the analyst should interpret material that the
client has not yet seen for him/her but it is
capable of tolerating and incorporating.
2. interpretation should always start from the
surface and go only as deep as the clients able
to go.

30. APPLICATION: THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND
PROCEDURES
3. it is best to point out a resistance before
interpreting the emotion or conflict that lies
beneath it.