The document discusses the goals and techniques of psychoanalytic therapy, emphasizing the importance of developing client awareness and understanding underlying motives. It outlines the therapeutic relationships and roles of therapists, differentiating between classic and relational analysts, and the processes such as free association, dream analysis, and transference interpretation. The text concludes with criticisms regarding the practicality and effectiveness of psychoanalytic methods, including time and resource constraints.

1. Therapeutic process
Goals, Relationship between client and Therapist,
Therapist role, Different therapies, psychoanalysis,
psychodynamic and psychoanalytical theory,
Therapeutic techniques, Maintaining the Analytic
Framework, Free Association, Interpretation, Dream
analysis, Analysis and Interpretation of Resistance,
Analysis and Interpretation of Transference,
Criticism
Psychoanalytical theory

2. Introduction
 The techniques of psychoanalytic therapy are aimed at increasing
awareness, providing insight to the client’s behavior, and
understanding the meanings of symptoms.
 The therapy proceeds from the client’s talk to catharsis (or
expression of emotion) to insight to working through unconscious
material.
 This work is done to attain the goals of intellectual and emotional
understanding and reeducation, which then leads to personality
change.

3. Goals
 There are two basic goals when applying Psychoanalytic Therapy.
 These are:1) To make unconscious motives conscious,
 and;2) To strengthen the Ego to be more aligned with reality and
lessen dependence on the instinctual cravings of the Id or the
irrational guilt provided by the Superego.

4.  The superego consists of two systems:
The conscience and the ideal self. The
conscience can punish the ego through
causing feelings of guilt. For example, if
the ego gives in to the id's demands, the
superego may make the person feel bad
through guilt.
 The ideal self (or ego-ideal) is an
imaginary picture of how you ought to
be, and represents career aspirations,
how to treat other people, and how to
behave as a member of society.

5. The Relationship between the Client and Therapist
 There can be two kinds of therapists that can be seen in a typical
psychoanalytic therapy session: The Classic Analyst, and the
Current Relational Analyst
 The Classic Analyst mostly stands outside the relationship,
sometimes gives comments, and provides interpretation to the
client.
 The Current Relational Analyst is not ‘detached’ from clients,
rather, they are more focused on the here-and-now interaction
with the client, and they find it more useful in creating rapport
and gathering background information from the client.

6.  Therapists and clients mostly hold a transference relationship. Transference,
again, is the resurfacing of old experiences that were reactions from
significant people from repressed memory and having them shifted to the
therapist.
 Clients and therapists go through a working-through process, where they
both tackle unconscious material and defenses.
 Therapists must be aware of Countertransference where in the therapist’s
own unconscious conflict comes out and projects them into the client. Not
call countertransference feelings are bad, but other cases may seem
beneficial to both client and therapist.

7. The Therapist’s Function and Role
 Therapists usually assume an anonymous kind of role, also known as the “Blank-Screen
Approach”
 In terms of functions, one of the central functions of the therapist is to assist the client
acquire the freedom to love, work, and play, achieving self-awareness, honesty, dealing with
anxiety realistically.
 In order to do this, the therapist must first create a working relationship and do the task of
listening and interpreting.

8. Clients experience in therapy
 Psychoanalysis
 Psychodynamic
 psychoanalytical

9. Psychoanalysis
 It is therapy as well as theory.
 Treatment people helps making unconscious to conscious
 Usually treat anxiety and depression disorders
 In this therapy patient is asked to lie on the couch and analyst sits behind it
taking the notes what the patient tell about his dreams, conflicts, childhood
and memories(free association)
 Therapy is a lengthy session that take 2-5 session per week

10. Psychodynamic
 This approach evolved from psychoanalytical theory
 It focused on immediate problem like phobia, anxiety and problem
 In psychodynamic therapy therapist give more attention to transference
manifestation(feeling for others), the meaning of client dreams
 Transference are encouraged in psychodynamic

12. Psychoanalytic
al therapy

13. Psychoanalytic
al therapy

14. Therapeutic techniques
 Psychoanalytic therapy typically uses methods to bring unconscious
material out in the open. It focus is leaned toward the development of
the individual in the earlier years, where experiences are discussed,
reconstructed, interpreted, and analyzed.
 With the help of transference relationship with the therapist, both client
and therapist explores the past of the client, which will then, lead to
character change.
 The primary tools of the trade of the Psychoanalytic Therapy is the
analytic framework, free association, interpretation, dream analysis,
analysis of resistance, and analysis of transference.

15. Maintaining the Analytic Framework
 Like a systematic process on how students follow their class schedules,
 Analysts must keep in mind in maintaining the framework as it will
provide proper guidance and a planned course for achieving the goals
of the therapy.
 The framework includes a wide variety of procedures and styles on
clients, ranging from the amount of disclosure and anonymity of the
therapist to the consistency of meetings, The regularity and consistency
of meetings
 Starting and ending the sessions on time
 etc.

16. Free Association
 This is a basic tool used to open the door of unconscious wishes,
conflicts and motivation
 A central technique used in psychoanalysis. This is where the
client, without censorship, will be encouraged to say whatever is
on their mind.
 The therapist will sit by and listen well on what the client says,
listening for significant resistances which may mean that there are
anxiety-arousing material or surfaced unconscious material which
will lead to discovering the ‘root’ problem.

17. Interpretation
 A technique where therapists use to explain, point out, and even
teach the meaning of gathered unconscious material, free
association themes, manifests of dreams, and even the
relationship of the client and therapists.
 Interpretation is the main line of communication for the clients to
understand their unconscious and help their ego assimilate the
material to help them further progress into uncovering more
unconscious material.

18. Dream analysis
 Some memories are unacceptable by the Ego that they expressed in symbolic
form dreams
 Freud describes dreams as “The Royal Road To Unconsciousness”. While
asleep, the person’s defenses are lowered, and repressed feelings and emotions
arise in dreams.
 Material in dreams may show a person’s unconscious needs, wishes and fears.
 Dreams have two levels of content latent and manifest
 Latent content is called hidden but true in meaning
 Manifest content obvious dreams
 Clients are asked to ‘describe’ the Manifest Content of their dreams, and then
through Free Association, the therapist then helps and finds the client’s
associations with the manifest content to uncover the latent content.

19. Analysis and Interpretation of Resistance
 This technique identifies the client’s restriction, refusal, and
reluctance to bring surface of awareness any unconscious material
that is repressed.
 Resistance of any kind coming from Free Association gets into
the way of the progress, and through interpretation, the therapist
should make it clear to the client that he/she is to unbar any
restrictions, as he/she must confront the problem than keeping it
repressed.

20. Analysis and Interpretation of Transference
 Being one of the major cornerstones in Psychoanalytic therapy, it is important that the
therapist analyze and properly interpret the transference relationship they hold.
 Counselor interrupt the positive and negative feelings of the clients
 Release of feeling is an emotional catharsis
 Client become aware of the emotions and able to move another developmental stage.
 This holds one of the crucial solutions for the client to understand what exactly made
them fixated and deep-rooted on such anxiety.

21. Criticism
 In general, considering factors such as time, expense, and availability of trained
psychoanalytic therapists, the practical applications of many psychoanalytic techniques
are limited
 Commitments to such therapy takes a long time to accomplish an analytic goal
 The anonymous role of the Therapist while applying therapy.