Perspectives of clinical psychology
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The document discusses two major perspectives in clinical psychology - the biological perspective and the cognitive behavioral perspective. The biological perspective views psychological issues through studying the physical basis for animal behavior and human behavior. It involves examining the brain, immune system, nervous system and genetics. The perspective emerged in the early 1800s and is based on the idea that every mental illness has an underlying biological or medical cause. The cognitive behavioral perspective emerged in the early 1900s. It focuses on how human thought processes impact behavior, as a reaction to the mechanistic nature of behaviorism. Theorists under this perspective treat thoughts as behaviors rather than just overt actions. Pioneers included Dollard and Miller who emphasized cognitive concepts to explain abnormal
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This document provides an overview of the psychology course PSY-201, which covers various perspectives in psychology. It discusses seven major perspectives: psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, biological, cross-cultural, evolutionary, and humanistic. Each perspective emphasizes different aspects of human behavior and has contributed to the development and growth of modern psychology.
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- 2. PerspectivesofClinicalpsychology Perspective; a particular way of considering something, to think about a situation or problem in a wise and reasonable way. “Clinical psychology is the broad branch of psychology that focuses on treating and diagnosing mental, emotional and behavioral disorders.” Following are some theoretical perspectives that are particularly influential today; The biological perspective The psychodynamic perspective The behavioral perspective The cognitive perspective The humanistic perspective The cognitive behavioral perspective
- 3. BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE As we know that biology is the study of life, so, biological perspective is a particular way of considering the study of life. WHAT? The biological perspective isa wayof lookingatpsychological issues by studyingthe physical basisfor animal andbehavior.Itisone of the majorperspectivesinpsychologyand involvessuchthingsasstudying the brain,immune system, nervoussystem and genetics. WHEN? Early 1800s WHY? Because behindanymental illnessthere shouldbe a bio-medical reason WHOM? In thisregard, REINHARDHALLER in1757, playedan importantrole.He emphasizedthe importance of the brainin psychicfunction. WILHELM GRIESINGER(1817-1868) systematically presented thisviewpoint.He explainedthatall mental disorderscouldbe explainedintermsof brainpathology. EMIL KRAEPELIN (1856-1926) playeda dominant role inthe earlydevelopmentof biological viewpoint. So, biological perspective of clinical psychologyis about somethingtostudymental disorderas a mental disease,we can say that inbiological sense.
- 4. THE COGNITIVEBEHAVIORALPERSPECTIVE Cognitive, related to cognition, perception. Behavioral, related to behavior, reactions. WHAT? To understandabnormal behavior theoristshave divergedfrompurelylearning basedapproachto an approach that incorporateshumanthoughtprocess. This approach referred toasa cognitive behavioral perspective.They treatthoughts as behaviornotthe overtbehavior. WHEN? Early 1900s WHY?As a reactionto the mechanisticnature of the behavioral viewpoint, psychologistshadfocused on cognitive processand theirimpacton behavior. WHOM? The pioneeringwork of DOLLARDand MILLER focusedoncognitive conceptstoexplain abnormal behavior. GEORGE KELLY (1905-1966) he developeda personalitytheoryandexplainedthatpeople builtpersonal constructs. ALBERT BENDURA , anotherlearningtheorist has placedconsiderable emphasisonthe cognitive aspectsof learning, ashe experiment BEBUDOLL witha little boywhenitcomes nearerto himhe become scaredand shout while itgoesfarhe became relax. So, cognitive behavioral perspective isall aboutthat afterunderstandinganything may be an incidentorsomethingelse, whatbehavioryouadapt,that isthe actual cause of you problemsnotthat incidentasthe ABC MODEL tells.