This document provides an introduction to operant conditioning theory and its four types of learning processes. It discusses positive reinforcement as increasing a behavior when something desirable follows it, like receiving a high salary for working hard. Negative reinforcement is also explained as increasing a behavior to remove something undesirable, like turning on a TV to reduce noise from an open window. The full document analyzes two of the four operant conditioning processes.

1. Name: Truong Phuong Quyen
Class: 11BSM3
Student number: 1158114
Subject: Introduction to Psychology
Course coordinator: Dr. Nguyen Duc Danh
The operant conditioning theory of learning is a process that involves an increase or decrease in
the likelihood of some behavior as a result of the consequences. Positive reinforcement, negative
reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment are four types of learning
processes in operant conditioning. Firstly, positive reinforcement occurs when the likelihood of a
particular action increases as an effect of the presentation of something desirable after the action.
For example, you go to work for a company daily, and you work very hard, the reason that make
you work hard because every month you receive a high salary deserve with your performance,
and you may be more likely to increase the frequency of working hard, or you try to study hard
and you do well on the exam, then you receive award from your parents, therefore you will
increase your action that you try to study hard, and that is some examples of positive
reinforcement. Secondly, negative reinforcement occurs when the likelihood of a particular
action increases as the effect of removing something non desirable after the action. For instance,
you want to open the window for fresh air blowing to your house. However, you are not happy
with the noise from outside, and then you decide to turn on the TV, and this make the noise less
noticeable.