This document discusses time management and career management. It provides guidance on developing effective time management skills such as keeping a time log to analyze time usage, assigning priorities to tasks, and implementing a three-step time management system. Regarding career management, it outlines the typical stages of a career, the importance of career planning and development, and tips for getting a job, earning raises and promotions. Effective time management and career planning are emphasized as keys to success in work and personal life.

1. Time & Career Management
Matthew L. Eisenhard, Psy.D.
Week 4: Psychology for Business & Industry

2. Time Management
Basics - it takes time to develop good h.r. skills
◦ Managing your time effectively gives you more time to
develop & practice h.r. skills.
◦ People with good time management skills do better
at…
 Balancing work and personal life – have less stress – are
more productive & organized – experience more inner
peace.
◦ Take control of your time – don’t let it rule you – you
rule it.
◦ Keep a log – analyze it and use the information to
become more effective in your career and life in
general.

3. Time Management
• Using techniques designed to
get more done in less time
with better results.
▫ First step to success is tracking
how you currently use your
time .
 A time log – is a great way to
do it.
 A daily diary that tracks your
activities.
▫ Example: exhibit 4.1 in your
text.
 Track daily activities for 1 or 2
weeks.
 List activities in 15 min.
intervals.

4. Analyzing Time Logs
How much time is spent on primary responsibilities
– how do you spend most of your time?
Identify places you spend too
much time.
Identify places you are not
spending enough time.
Identify major interruptions –
and how to eliminate them.
Identify things you are doing
that you don’t need to be
involved in – look for ways to
delegate those.

5. Analyzing Time Logs
Who controls your time?
◦ Boss – employees – outsiders.
◦ How can you take more control?
Look for crisis situations.
◦ Were they caused by you?
◦ Can you eliminate them?
Spot habits, patterns, and tendencies.
◦ How can you change them or use to your advantage?
List 3 to 5 biggest time-wasters.
◦ What can you do to eliminate them?
Determine how you can manage your time more
efficiently!

6. Multitasking
The human brain is not designed
nor is it capable of doing more
than one thing at a time.
When people think they are doing multiple tasks they
are not – they are just switching between tasks at a
rapid rate.
This makes us less efficient – every time you switch
gears you miss stuff! Concentrate on one thing at a
time.
Can you name some things we commonly try to
multitask at?
Are there any dangers involved in any of them? Do any
of them irritate other people?

7. Multitasking
• Self-assessment exercise 4.1
• The 5 statements were all warning signs of
multi-tasking.
▫ Higher scores = possible over-
multitasking.
▫ Lower scores = not an issue for you.
• Sometimes fatigue causes same signs.
▫ You can improve your time management by
focusing on one thing at a time or prioritizing.

8. Setting Priorities
• The best way to avoid overloading yourself and
setting multitasking behaviors into motion is to set
clear priorities.
▫ A priority is a clear preference given to one
activity over another.
• 3 basic questions to ask yourself…
▫ 1. Do I need to be personally involved in this task?
 Or is it something I can delegate?
▫ 2. Is the task in my major area of responsibility?
 Will the outcome have an effect on my job?
▫ 3. How soon does it need attention?
 Is there a deadline? Is quick action needed?

9. Assigning Priorities
Based on how you prioritized –
you assign it to one of the levels:
Refer to Exhibit 4.2 in your text.
◦ If you answered question # 1 – ‘no’
you don’t need to be personally
involved then…
 Delegate it!
◦ If you answered ‘yes’ to all 3 questions…
 It is a high – take quick action!
◦ If you answered ‘yes’ to #1 but ‘no’ to either 2 or 3 then…
 It is medium – it can wait.
◦ If you answered ‘yes’ to #1 and ‘no’ to both 2 & 3 then…
 It is a low priority – it’s not your responsibility and no
immediate action is needed.

11. The “To Do” List
• A written list of things
to do.
• For practice complete
the application situation
4-1.
▫ There are 10 activities
on the “to do” list.
▫ Prioritize them.
▫ Discuss why you placed
them as you did.

12. Time Management System
• Experts say we waste up to 2 hours every day!
• The management system in your text has a
proven record of success.
• It consists of:
▫ Priorities – order of importance.
▫ Objectives – what are your goals?
▫ Plans – how will you achieve them?
▫ Schedules – when will you do them?

13. Time Management Steps
STEP 1: Plan Each Week
STEP 2: Schedule Each Week
STEP 3: Schedule Each Day
Never do an unscheduled
task before a scheduled one
without prioritizing it first.
There are many time
management systems
available…
◦ Office supply stores.
◦ Online.
◦ Computer.
◦ Cell phone.

14. Time Management Techniques
• Complete self-assessment exercise 4.2.
▫ It has 68 time management techniques…
▫ And 4 choices of what to do
 SHOULD DO
 COULD DO
 DO
 N/A
• How many did your mark “do”?
▫ If you don’t have a lot of them that you are “doing”… if your
shoulds and coulds are more numerous… perhaps you need
to really think about revving up your time management
skills
• Randy Pausch Lecture http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTugjssqOT0

15. Career Management
You are responsible for managing your own
career
In this segment we will cover:
◦ Career Stages
◦ Career Planning & Development
◦ Getting A Job
◦ Resumes’
◦ Getting Raises & Promotions
◦ Global Careers
◦ And Apparel & Grooming

16. Career Stages
Your 20’s
◦ Just getting started.
◦ Lots of pressure.
◦ Often have unreal expectations.
◦ It is common to have many jobs.
Your 30’s
◦ Time to become experts.
◦ Assess where you’re going.
◦ Lots of financial & family demands.
Your 40’s & 50’s
◦ Used to be a time for security.
◦ Not now – many are laid off & have to start over.
Your 60’s & 70’s
◦ Plan for retirement/part-time work.
◦ Good role models & mentors.

17. Planning & Development
• CAREER PLANNING
▫ The process of setting career objectives and
determining how to accomplish them.
• CAREER DEVELOPMENT
▫ The process of gaining skill, experience, and
education to achieve career objectives.

18. Career Planning Model
 SELF-ASSESSMENT
◦ What you want based on your interests, experience, skills,
values & needs – be realistic.
 PREFERENCES & EXPLORATION
◦ What motivates you – consider industry, size, location,
income - networking helps – consider part-time and
internships to explore possibilities.
 SET OBJECTIVES
◦ Short & long-range goals.
 DEVELOP PLAN
◦ Is college needed – what technical skills will you need?
 CONTROL
◦ It is your personal responsibility to meet your goals –
review them often – and adjust when needed.

19. Getting a Job
GETTING A JOB IS A JOB IN ITSELF!
Harder To Do In Today’s Job Market
◦ More independent contracting.
YOU NEED A PLAN:
◦ CAREER PLAN
 Interviewers are impressed with candidates that have realistic career
plans.
◦ RESUME & COVER LETTER
 This is your first impression – keep it brief but powerful – let them know
why they should hire you.
 RESEARCH.
 Know your target.
 Know about the company & have pertinent questions to ask them that
show you have done your homework.
◦ PREPARE for QUESTIONS
 Prepare for possible questions they may ask you.
 Refer to exhibit 4.7 in text.

21. The Interview
• Usually given the
most value in
hiring decision.
• Be sure to follow
correct etiquette
(will see more in C-
9).
• Dress for success.
• Take a workshop.
• Smile!
• Follow-up.
▫ Send “thank-you”
letter.
▫ STAR Method
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0

22. Resumes

23. General Resume Guidelines
 Follow a format – BUT CUSTOMIZE.
 CONTACT INFORMATION
◦ Where you can be located.
◦ Beware social network sites!
 OBJECTIVE
◦ Be specific about the job you want.
◦ Include personal qualities and skills.
 QUALIFICATIONS SUMMARY
◦ Most recruiters spend only 10-15 seconds .
◦ Write a clear concise summary that gets attention.
 EDUCATION
◦ Point out accomplishments – other activities.
 EXPERIENCE
◦ All jobs – full/part-time – volunteer positions.
◦ Describe knowledge, skills, state quantifiable achievements.
 OTHER
◦ Foreign languages – certifications – related talents.

24. E-Resumes
Many companies now request electronic resumes.
ALWAYS follow their instructions.
◦ Develop in word processing file.
◦ Don’t send as attachment.
◦ Save in ASCII file format “save as text file” or save as
PDF file.
◦ Write cover letter in e-mail.
◦ Copy resume in body of e-mail.
◦ Send to yourself to check.
◦ Make any corrections.
◦ Send it to employer.

25. Raises & Promotions
• TIPS for GETTING AHEAD
▫ Be a top performer.
▫ Finish jobs ahead of time.
▫ Volunteer for extra assignments.
▫ Keep up with newest technology.
▫ Develop good human relations.
▫ Use good timing in approaching the boss.
▫ Be polite – always show concern for others.
▫ Never gossip – don’t say bad things.
▫ Be approachable – smile – talk to people.

26. Career Paths
• Are a sequence of job assignments that lead to
more responsibility, with raises and promotions.
▫ Training programs.
▫ On the job training.
▫ Assistant positions.
▫ Major positions.

27. Preparing for a Raise or Promotion
Do what needs to be done to get a good job
appraisal/evaluation.
Keep a file of everything you do.
When asking for a raise – give a specific amount –
check what other similar positions are paid –
consider other benefits.
Timing is crucial – best to ask when getting an
appraisal.
If you like where you are – great!
If not, update the resume’ and look elsewhere – but
don’t quit until you have another job.

28. Job Shock
• Occurs when the employee’s expectations are not
met.
▫ The workplace is not always fair.
▫ Good work is not always rewarded.
▫ Promises may not be kept.
▫ You may find it boring or a
dead end.
▫ No ‘quick fixes’ – develop a
‘real-world’ mindset.

29. Apparel & Grooming
 DRESS for THE JOB
◦ Dress like your peers.
◦ If unsure, visit the organization first to see.
 JOB INTERVIEWS
◦ Never under-dress.
◦ Again – do your research and see what is appropriate.
 WEAR QUALITY CLOTHING
◦ You need to make a good first impression.
◦ Invest in some clothing that will withstand the test of time.
 DRESS and GROOM CONSERVATIVELY
◦ Avoid the latest fads.
◦ You may not be taken seriously if you dress too flashy.
◦ Remember it’s ‘work’ not a nightclub.
 CASUAL DRESS
◦ Some firms allow ‘casual’ dress, but not jeans and t-shirts.
◦ Many firms have dress codes…follow them and dress like others in the firm.
Tips for appropriate dress http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9NqkmMqWyCE

30. Tips For Men
GROOMING
◦ Clean shaven – no earrings or bling.
SUIT
◦ Most appropriate most places.
◦ Blue or gray, dark, stripes okay – conservative cut.
SHIRT
◦ Business shirt – solids/or thin stripes – not loud.
◦ Long sleeves – should show about half inch from suit sleeves.
TIE
◦ A bad tie can ruin any suit – silk and conservative works.
SHOES
◦ Conservative dark leather – no sneakers .
MATCHING
◦ Pull it all together – socks should match suit color (no heavy or wool) and
long enough that your legs never show when sitting.

31. Tips For Women
 GROOMING & JEWELRY
◦ No heavy make-up or excessive perfume.
◦ Jewelry simple and tasteful – no long earrings.
 SKIRTED SUIT
◦ Professional skirted suit most appropriate.
◦ Conservative business dress & jacket okay.
◦ Nothing above the knee.
◦ Stay with dark basic colors.
 BLOUSE
◦ Silk or cotton – no frills – no low cuts – button up.
 NO TIE – SCARF OPTIONAL
◦ Don’t dress like the guys – no ties please.
 SHOES
◦ Leather shoes – conservative – no open-toes – medium heel plain pumps are good
basics.
 MATCHING, and ATTACHE’ CASE
◦ All apparel should match – neutral or skin-toned hosiery – carry an Attaché Case
instead of a purse when possible.

32. Your Appearance
You may think it’s unfair to be judged on
appearance rather than your performance.
But as mentioned before…this is the workplace
and it’s not always ‘fair.’
Your appearance is your statement about
yourself and how you want others to think of you
– so look professional!
You can’t control many things but you can control
your appearance - make it a good one!

33. Review of Key Concepts
• Keeping a time log
• Assigning priorities
• 3 steps of time
management
• Time management
techniques
• 4 career stages
• Career planning
• Tips for getting a job,
raises, & promotions