PS 101 Interest Groups Summer 2008
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This document summarizes interest groups, which are organizations that try to shape public policy by influencing political decision-makers. It describes the different types of interest groups, including public interest groups focused on general welfare, and private interest groups representing specific economic interests. It also outlines the strategies interest groups use, including direct lobbying ("inside game") and mobilizing public opinion ("outside game"). Finally, it discusses concerns about unequal representation and resources among interest groups and the potential for regulatory capture.
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This document discusses political parties and interest groups. It begins by defining political parties as broad coalitions that recruit candidates, have identifiable labels, aim to control government, and promote particular policies. It then examines types of party systems, functions of parties, and components like party organizations. The document also defines interest groups as collections of citizens who share interests and try to influence policy, discussing their relationship with the state and strategies like lobbying and advocacy.
Interest groups
This document discusses interest groups and their activities. It defines interest groups as groups of citizens who share common interests and try to influence policy. It describes different types of interest groups and their purposes, which include representation, participation, education, and agenda building. The document also discusses factors that motivate group formation, such as common problems or threats. It provides examples of influential interest group leaders and the types of benefits groups provide their members, such as material, solidary, and expressive benefits. Finally, it outlines different lobbying strategies used by interest groups, including direct and indirect lobbying.
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This document discusses interest groups, which are organizations that attempt to influence government decision-making. It notes that interest groups can help address issues like collective action problems. There are different types of interest groups, including economic groups, public interest groups, and think tanks. Lobbyists represent interest groups to government officials. Political action committees raise money to influence elections. Recent Supreme Court rulings have increased the role of money in politics. Interest groups engage in both insider lobbying of Congress as well as outsider efforts to shape public opinion. There is a debate around the representational inequalities and influence that interest groups, especially those with greater resources, may wield.
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PS 101 Political Parties Fall 2008
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This document discusses interest groups and their activities. It defines interest groups as groups of citizens who share common interests and try to influence policy. It describes different types of interest groups and their purposes, which include representation, participation, education, and agenda building. The document also discusses factors that motivate group formation, such as common problems or threats. It provides examples of influential interest group leaders and the types of benefits groups provide their members, such as material, solidary, and expressive benefits. Finally, it outlines different lobbying strategies used by interest groups, including direct and indirect lobbying.
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2. While the Obama administration hopes to give emerging countries a greater stake in global governance to increase cooperation, their interests and priorities sometimes differ from Western countries.
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Chapter 9Learning Objectives1. Identify various types of orga.docx
Chapter 9:
Learning Objectives
1. Identify various types of organized interests and distinguish interest groups from political parties.
2. Describe strategies used by interest groups to influence the political process.
3. Assess the organizational problems facing interest groups and the factors contributing to their success.
4. List some of the most powerful interest groups and explain their purposes and strategies.
5. Evaluate the costs and benefits of interest group activity for American democracy.
Introduction
Whereas political parties mainly exist to support campaigns and win elections, interest groups seek to directly influence government policy. Interest groups play an important role in extending the practice of democracy by linking citizens and citizen groups to their government in a more permanent fashion than do periodic elections. Interest groups may educate voters and public officials on the issues, support candidates in their campaigns, and litigate in the courts, among other functions. But the relationship of interest groups to democracy is neither simple nor consistently beneficial. Interest groups may also pursue specific objectives harmful to society’s larger interests. This lesson explores the range of interest group activity in the American political system and evaluates the impact of interest groups on policy and, more generally, the democratic process.
Study Questions
1. How do interest groups differ from political parties?
2. Why do interest groups form?
3. Define the following:
a. The collective action problem
b. Free riders
4. Why are some groups more successful in mobilizing their potential membership than others?
5. Define the following types of interest groups and give at least one example of each, including:
a. Public interest groups
b. Economic interest groups
c. Government groups
d. Single-issue vs. Multi-issue
e. Political Action Committees
f. Ideological
6. What is the difference between a "public" and a "special" interest? Is the dividing line usually clear? Give an example.
7. What kind of individuals are more likely to be represented in interest groups?
8. What strategies do interest groups use to achieve their goals? Discuss the following:
a. Lobbying
b. Grass-roots organization (vs. "astro-turfing")
c. Public relations
d. PACs and political contributions
e. Advertisements
f. Demonstrations
9. How do lobbyists practice their trade? What legal constraints have been placed on lobbying?
10. Explain some of the problems associated with interest group participation in the policy-making process. To what phenomena do the following phrases refer?
a. Iron triangles
b. The revolving door
c. Capture theory of regulation
11. The number of lobbyists working in Washington, DC has more than doubled in the last eight years. Many believe that the influence of lobbyists has proven seriously corrosive to democratic principles. Do you agree?
12. What is the theory known as pluralism?
13. Contrast pluralism with the elitist unde.
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Page 1Question part one OutlineInterest Groups and Public Poli.docx
Page 1
Question part one Outline
Interest Groups and Public Policy
1. Definition of an interest group: (a) Collection of people; (b) that share a common interest, cause, agenda or goal; (c) that has organized itself to pursue a public policy objective; (d) in the political arena.
2. Major categories of interest groups: (a) economic – largest, most varied, and most important; (b) single issue – focus on one issue, not economic; (c) ideological – has political agenda; (d) public interest – public concerns; (e) foreign policy – foreign nations and American citizens who identify with a foreign nation; (f) Governmental – employees and institutions; (g) social – groups that have social identity.
3. Americans, a nation of joiners; existence of many citizen interests; freedom to organize and act on behalf of interests basic to a democratic system of government.
4. Interest groups are actively engaged at every level of government: federal, state, local.
5. Unique aspects of the structure of the American political and economic system impact the work and efforts of interest groups: (a)Federalism: creates decentralization of power and encourages interest group formation and activity by providing numerous points of access within national and state government. (b) Separation of powers: with no concentration of government power interest groups can enter the policy making process at different points of access – congressional committees, executive branch agencies, levels of the judiciary. (C) Political andeconomic culture: we encourage individual rights, free speech, freedom to politically organize, respect for private property, capitalism, the free marketplace, the work ethic, etc. All these factors create a culture that promotes the efforts of interest groups to be politically involved and attempt to limit government intervention in the economy. (d) Checks and balances: Gives interests groups multiple opportunities to work within various institutions of the political arena. (e) Media: TV, Radio, Social media, Internet: contributes to promoting interest group activity (membership, information exchange, donations). (f) Diminished role of political parties: Offers interest groups an opportunity to play a greater in the political environment.
6. Factions: Founding fathers feared divisive factions: interest groups and political parties. Founders believed that interest groups and political parties would promote interests “adverse” to the “aggregate” concerns of the general public.
7. Critical view of the role of interest groups: (a) makes it difficult to govern effectively or fairly as they create inequalities and ineffectual governance. (b) Public policy has become a private bargaining relationship between government officials and interest groups. (.
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This document discusses interest groups and their influence on government. It defines interest groups as collections of people who share common interests and seek to influence policy. Interest groups employ lobbying tactics to achieve their goals. The document also discusses different types of interest groups including economic, ideological, public interest groups and those focused on foreign policy. It outlines various techniques interest groups use to exert influence, including publicity, direct contact with government, litigation and campaign contributions. The document provides context on the role of lobbyists and money in politics including PAC contributions to candidates over time.
Teacher Lecture: Interest Groups
Interest groups are collections of individuals who share views on public policy issues and work to shape policy in their favor. They provide a way for citizens to influence government and have their voices heard. Interest groups lobby at all levels of government to advance their policy positions. While they can provide useful information and stimulate debate, some critics argue that large, well-funded groups may drown out others and push policies that do not benefit the public overall. The illegal activities of lobbyist Jack Abramoff also showed how some groups try to exert influence through improper means like bribery. There is an ongoing debate around whether interest groups overall help or harm democracy.
Government chapter 9 notes 1
The document summarizes Chapter 9 (Interest Groups) from an American government textbook. It covers three sections: (1) the nature of interest groups and how they influence policy; (2) the different types of interest groups based on economic interests, causes, and membership; (3) how interest groups influence public opinion, political parties, elections, and policy through lobbying.
Interest Groups And Lobbyists
This document discusses interest groups and lobbyists in Texas. It begins by stating that limits cannot be placed on the money companies and groups spend on lobbying because this money comes from voluntary donations, not taxes or the government. It then explains that lobbyists seek face time with legislators to influence them, and that some individuals join interest groups to play a larger role in the political process beyond just voting. The document also touches on how interest groups bring issues to the attention of legislators and apply pressure to advance their views.
Chapter 9 presentation
The document discusses the roles and influence of interest groups in the US political system. It defines interest groups as collections of people who work to shape public policy to their benefit on issues they share views on. Interest groups try to influence policymaking and public opinion through both direct lobbying of government officials and indirect grassroots efforts. They employ tactics like contributing to political campaigns, conducting propaganda, and mobilizing their members to contact elected representatives.
220Journal of Policy Practice, 9220–239, 2010 Copyright.docx
220
Journal of Policy Practice, 9:220–239, 2010
Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
ISSN: 1558-8742 print/1558-8750 online
DOI: 10.1080/15588742.2010.489037
WJPP1558-87421558-8750Journal of Policy Practice, Vol. 9, No. 3-4, May 2010: pp. 0–0Journal of Policy Practice
Are Social Work Advocacy Groups
Using Web 2.0 Effectively?
Are Advocacy Groups Using Web 2.0 Effectively?H. R. Edwards and R. Hoefer
HEATHER R. EDWARDS and RICHARD HOEFER
University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
This article describes social work advocacy efforts, states what Web
2.0 technology has to offer social work advocacy, and presents origi-
nal research on the current levels of Web 2.0 use on social work
advocacy organization Web sites. This study employed a content
analysis of a purposive sample of social work advocacy organization
Web sites (N = 63). The researchers created a data collection instru-
ment containing items related to communicating with policy mak-
ers, resource gathering, information, and use of specific Web 2.0
technologies. Findings reveal that social work organizations make
good use of their Web sites for some advocacy activities, and grossly
underutilize the Web forum for others. Furthermore, social work
organizations do not use Web 2.0 often for advocacy. Barriers
impeding Web 2.0 use and methods to overcome such barriers are
also discussed. Implications for future social work education, prac-
tice, and research follow.
KEYWORDS advocacy, Web 2.0, Internet advocacy, social work
advocacy, policy practice
The Code of Ethics for the National Association of Social Workers (NASW)
states that social workers “pursue social change” and “challenge injustice”
(NASW, 2008). Advocacy aimed at informing the policy process serves as a
key method that social workers use to fulfill this mission (Hoefer, 2006;
Jackson-Elmoore, 2005). Social work advocates must take advantage of
every advocacy tactic available to the greatest extent possible to ensure
timely policy change for vulnerable populations.
Address correspondence to Heather R. Edwards, School of Social Work, PO Box 19129,
University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 6019. E-mail: [email protected]
Are Advocacy Groups Using Web 2.0 Effectively? 221
Advocacy tactics have been divided into “inside” and “outside” (Hoefer,
2001, 2005; Walker, 1993). Inside tactics are those that groups use to work
directly with decision makers, such as lobbying. Outside tactics are
employed by interest group members or the public to put pressure on deci-
sion makers. The Internet, as originally designed (Web 1.0), has been effec-
tively used as an outside tactic to disseminate information from interest
group leaders to decision makers and members of the public. Thus, the
Web is a tool advocates can use to keep their message available at all times.
In recent years, the Internet has moved from being a one-way highway to a
more interactive entity, called Web 2.0. This second generation of Web site
too ...
Interest articulation presentation
This document discusses interest articulation and citizen participation through interest groups. It defines interest articulation as expressing dissatisfaction to encourage government action on local and national needs. Citizens can participate through voting, informal groups, contacting officials, protests, and interest groups. Interest groups represent shared interests and advocate on their members' behalf. The document outlines pluralist, democratic corporatist, and controlled models of interest group systems and their different structures. It also discusses how interest groups access policymakers through legitimate and coercive channels to influence public policy.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
This document defines and describes different types of pressure groups and how they operate. It discusses sectional/interest groups that promote the interests of their members, and promotional/issue groups that promote a particular cause. Pressure groups aim to influence policy through lobbying, publicity campaigns, and demonstrations. Their success depends on factors like resources, organization, public support, and access to politicians. The document also distinguishes between insider groups that are regularly consulted by government, and outsider groups that must use other methods to influence policy from outside formal decision-making processes.
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2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
Digital Transformation Frameworks: Driving Digital Excellence
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
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PS 101 Interest Groups Summer 2008
- 1. Interest Groups Dr. Christopher S. Rice
- 2. Interest Groups Organizations that try to shape public policy by influencing the behavior of political decision-makers.
- 3. Interest groups are important instruments to attain democracy and serve the public interest (cc) 2007 Flickr user Flyover Living
- 4. 3 Types of Interest Groups
- 5. Public Interest Groups (citizen groups)
- 6. (cc) 2007 Flickr user williamhartz Interests that are connected to the general welfare of the community
- 7. Non-Economic Groups motivated by: Ideology Desire to advance a cause Commitment to a particular public policy
- 8. Attract members using solidaristic or purposive incentives
- 9. Number of public interest groups has increased markedly since the 1960’s
- 10. Private Interest Groups (economic groups)
- 11. Groups with some tangible stake that they wish to protect or to advance by means of government action
- 12. Associated with providing benefits for a fraction of the community
- 13. Primarily based on selective benefits
- 14. 3
- 15. Producer Groups represent enterprises that produce goods or services, such as businesses or agriculture
- 16. Professional Groups represent the interests of professionals, such as doctors, lawyers, and dentists.
- 17. Unions protect jobs of members, work for maximum wage & benefit levels.
- 18. Think Governments Tanks “Gray Area” Interest Groups Astroturf Issue Networks Groups and Alliances
- 19. What Interest Groups Do the “inside” and “outside” games
- 20. The Inside Game Direct contact of interest group representative and government officials
- 21. One-on-one Persuasion (cc) 2005 Flickr user Spamily
- 22. Requires an understanding of the “rules of the game” (cc) 2006 Flickr user romainguy
- 23. The inside game is most effective when the issues: are narrow and technical; do not command much media or public attention; do not stir up counteractivity by other interest groups.
- 25. (cc) 2007 Flickr user ethorson
- 26. (cc) 2005 Flickr user Tracy O The Importance of Campaign Contributions
- 27. Provide Testimony at Public Hearings of Committees & Subcommittees (cc) 2008 flickr user Robert Whitlock
- 28. The “Lobbyist’s Loop of Deceit” (c) 2008 Valdis/NetworkWeaving.com
- 29. Inside Game Lobbying Executive Branch
- 30. (cc) 2007 Flickr user ethorson
- 33. The Outside Game Efforts to mobilize public opinion, voters, and important contributors in order to bring pressure on elected officials
- 34. Tools of the Outside Game • Mobilizing Membership • Organizing the District • Shaping Opinion – Publication of Research results – Advertising – Maintaining working relationships with the media – Political Action Committees – Blogging and Web 2.0 activism
- 35. Interest Group System & Democracy
- 36. 3 Inequalities in the Interest Group System
- 37. Representational Inequalities involves the question of WHOM interest groups represent
- 38. 2/3
- 39. Representational advantage of business, professions increasing
- 40. Business & Professional Groups have more permanency (cc) 2007 Flickr user Rob Ball
- 41. Resource Inequalities interest groups representing business corporations and the professions represent a substantial resource advantage over others
- 42. (cc) 2006 Flickr user thejedi
- 43. ROI
- 44. Do interest groups neutralize each other?
- 45. Access inequality inequalities of representation and resources are accentuated by the ability of some groups to form relatively stable alliances with government institutions and decision-makers
- 46. Interest Group Liberalism political system in which interest groups help formulate and carry out government policies
- 47. Capture tendency for regulatory agencies to become allies, protectors, & advocates of the industries that they were intended to regulate
- 48. Iron Triangles A three-way arrangement in which an alliance is formed between a private interest group, a bureaucratic agency, and a Congressional committee or subcommittee.