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American Leadership Policy Studies (ALPS) is a for-college credit certificate program that teaches the fundamentals of American government. ALPS includes a custom tailored Political Science 1 – US Government course taught in partnership with accredited colleges to assure students receive college credit. The class is taught from the perspective of industry professionals who work in local/state/federal bureaucracies and/or political/union campaigns. This course program may operate at the site of a partnering college or instructor of record who licenses ALPS course materials from WestCal Academy or at WestCal Academy’s main campus in partnership with an accredited college. WestCal Academy This slide covers the following: 1. Bureaucratic Power 2. Iron Triangles 3. Presidential Control Of The Bureaucracy 4. Congress And Its Members 5. Congress Versus The Executive Branch 6. Supreme Court 7. Legitimacy Factor In Law Making 8. Federal Court Structure 9. Elite Propaganda & Cinemocracy 10. Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense”
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Chapter 9: Learning Objectives 1. Identify various types of organized interests and distinguish interest groups from political parties. 2. Describe strategies used by interest groups to influence the political process. 3. Assess the organizational problems facing interest groups and the factors contributing to their success. 4. List some of the most powerful interest groups and explain their purposes and strategies. 5. Evaluate the costs and benefits of interest group activity for American democracy. Introduction Whereas political parties mainly exist to support campaigns and win elections, interest groups seek to directly influence government policy. Interest groups play an important role in extending the practice of democracy by linking citizens and citizen groups to their government in a more permanent fashion than do periodic elections. Interest groups may educate voters and public officials on the issues, support candidates in their campaigns, and litigate in the courts, among other functions. But the relationship of interest groups to democracy is neither simple nor consistently beneficial. Interest groups may also pursue specific objectives harmful to society’s larger interests. This lesson explores the range of interest group activity in the American political system and evaluates the impact of interest groups on policy and, more generally, the democratic process. Study Questions 1. How do interest groups differ from political parties? 2. Why do interest groups form? 3. Define the following: a. The collective action problem b. Free riders 4. Why are some groups more successful in mobilizing their potential membership than others? 5. Define the following types of interest groups and give at least one example of each, including: a. Public interest groups b. Economic interest groups c. Government groups d. Single-issue vs. Multi-issue e. Political Action Committees f. Ideological 6. What is the difference between a "public" and a "special" interest? Is the dividing line usually clear? Give an example. 7. What kind of individuals are more likely to be represented in interest groups? 8. What strategies do interest groups use to achieve their goals? Discuss the following: a. Lobbying b. Grass-roots organization (vs. "astro-turfing") c. Public relations d. PACs and political contributions e. Advertisements f. Demonstrations 9. How do lobbyists practice their trade? What legal constraints have been placed on lobbying? 10. Explain some of the problems associated with interest group participation in the policy-making process. To what phenomena do the following phrases refer? a. Iron triangles b. The revolving door c. Capture theory of regulation 11. The number of lobbyists working in Washington, DC has more than doubled in the last eight years. Many believe that the influence of lobbyists has proven seriously corrosive to democratic principles. Do you agree? 12. What is the theory known as pluralism? 13. Contrast pluralism with the elitist unde.
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Chapter9
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