Propulsion Systems Of Ships

⚡
MARINE ENGINERRING
SHIPS DISCUSSED: 1:KMS BATTLESHIP- BISMARCK
2:QUEEN ELIZABETH-CLASS AIRCRAFT CARRIER
3:USS ENTERPRISE (CVN-65)
BY:
VIPIN DEVARAJ
ROLL NO:39
SEM IV,DoST CUSAT

⚡ KMS BATTLESHIP- BISMARCK
When commissioned in 1940, the
battleship Bismarck was the largest
ship of her type in the world.
Bismarck and her sister ship Tirpitz were the largest battleships
ever built by Germany, and two of the largest built by any
European power. Named after Chancellor Otto von Bismarck,
the primary force behind the unification of Germany in 1871,
the ship was laid down at the Blohm & Voss shipyard in
Hamburg in July 1936 and launched two and a half years later in
February 1939.
© VIPIN DEVARAJ,SEMESTER-IV-DEPARTMENT OF SHIP TECHNOLOGY,CUSAT

⚡ BASIC SPECIFICATIONS
Everyone here works directly with our clients,
so if a client has a question that relates to the
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worked on it. It’s fun, as it should be. We
spend so much of our life working that we’d
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Laid down: 1 July 1936
Launched: 14 February 1939
Commissioned: 24 August 1940
Construction cost: RM. 196.8 million
Displacement:
· Empty ship:
· Standard:
· Construction:
· Full load:
· Maximum:
40,250 metric tons
43,978 metric tons
47,870 metric tons
51,760 metric tons
53,486 metric tons
Dimensions:
· Waterline length:
· Overall length:
· Beam:
241.55 meters
251 meters
36 meters
Propulsion plant: 12 Wagner boilers
Three Blohm & Voss turbine sets
150,170 Hp (maximum obtained)
Speed: 30.12 knots (maximum obtained)
Fuel oil capacity: 7,400 metric tons
Aircraft: 4 x Arado Ar 196
©VIPIN DEVARAJ,SEMESTER-IV-DEPARTMENT OF SHIP TECHNOLOGY,CUSAT

⚡ PROPULSION SYSTEM
The battleship Bismarck had a steam
propulsion plant that amounted to only 9%
of the ship's weight. Within the ship’s
boilers, fuel oil was burned and feed water
heated, thus producing steam. This steam
reached very high pressure and was then
delivered to the turbines that turned the
propellers.
On Bismarck, the steam power was produced by twelve Wagner Hochdruck high pressure
steam-heated boilers distributed in six watertight compartments (boiler rooms) that were
located amidships in sections XI and XIII.

Turbines
There were three Blohm & Voss turbine sets
in separate compartments (turbine rooms)
located in sections VIII and X. The centre
turbine room located in Section VIII, and the
portside and starboard turbine rooms in
Section X. The German Navy preferred the
three-shaft drive for its capital ships, unlike
most foreign nations that used four-shaft
drives. This saved weight and permitted a
better distribution within the hull. Each set of
turbines served one propeller shaft and had
different sections.
· The HP reaction turbine: a Curtis wheel with
40 stages.
· The IP turbine: a double-flow 15-stage
reaction turbine.
· The LP turbine: a 9-stage reaction turbine
supporting the condenser slung below it.
· The HP astern turbine was a single Curtis
wheel.
· The LP astern turbine was of the divided
double flow type.
· No cruising turbine was fitted on Bismarck.

Propellers
The three propellers were of 4.70 meters in
diameter and had three blades. The port and
middle propellers rotated counter clockwise
and the starboard propeller clockwise. Each
propeller had a volume of 2.4 m³ and achieved
270 revolutions per minute at full speed.
Rudders
The electric steering system controlled two
parallel rudders of 24.21 m² each, inclined from
the vertical with 8º divergence towards the
centreline. Each rudder had a volume of 11.63
m³ including its hanging attachment.

Electrical Power Plant
The electric plant provided power to all the ship's services such as weaponry, steering, lighting, cranes, fans,
gyros etc. It had a total output of 7,910 kw at 220 volts, with eight 500 kw Diesel generators, five 690 kw turbo-
generators, and one 460 kw turbo-generator. These generators were distributed into four compartments
(plants). The starboard electric plant No. 1 and the port electric plant No. 2 (E-Werk 1 und E-Werk 2) were
located in section VIII, and had four 500 kw diesel generators each. The starboard electric plant No. 3 and the
port electric plant No. 4 were located in section XIV, and included five 690 kw turbo-generators, and one 460 kw
turbo-generator.
Plants Generators Output
1.Starboard Electric Plant No. 1 4 x 500 kw diesel generators 2,000 kw
2.Port Electric Plant No. 2 4 x 500 kw diesel generators 2,000 kw
3.Electric Plants No. 3 and No. 4 5 x 690 kw turbo generators
1 x 460 kw turbo generator
3,450 kw
460 kw

⚡ PROPULSION SYSTEM-SUMMARY
Boilers: 12 Wagner boilers
of high-pressure (58 Kg/cm²)
and high temperature (450º C)
in six compartments
Turbines: Three turbine sets Blohm & Voss
in three compartments
Horse power: 150.170 Hp at 30.12 knots
Propellers: Three propellers
of 4.70 meters in diameter each
Rudders: Two parallel of 24.2 m²
with 8º divergence towards the
centreline
Diesel generators: Eight of 500 kilowatts DC
One of 550 kVA AC
Turbo generators: Five of 690 kilowatts DC
One of 460 kilowatts DC
Total electric output: 7,910 kilowatts at 220 volts
Range: 9,280 nautical miles at 16 knots
8,900 nautical miles at 17 knots
Fuel: 8,294 metric tons ©VIPIN DEVARAJ,SEMESTER-IV-DEPARTMENT OF SHIP TECHNOLOGY,CUSAT

⚡ QUEEN ELIZABETH-CLASS AIRCRAFT CARRIER
The Queen Elizabeth class is a class
of two aircraft carriers currently under
construction for the Royal Navy.
The first, HMS Queen Elizabeth was named on 4 July 2014, with
her commissioning planned for 2017, and an initial operational
capability expected in 2020. The second, HMS Prince of Wales is
scheduled for launch around 2017, followed by commissioning
in 2020 and service thereafter — on 5 September 2014, at the
NATO summit in Wales.

Displacement: 70,600 tonnes (69,500 long tons; 77,800 short
tons)
Length: 280 m (920 ft)
Beam: 39 m (128 ft) (waterline)
70 m (230 ft) overall
Draught: 11 m (36 ft)
Decks: 16,000 m2 (170,000 sq ft) 9 decks beneath
flightdeck with hangar covering the centerpiece
of two decks (without islands)
Propulsion: Integrated full electric propulsion: 2× Rolls-
Royce Marine Trent MT30 36 MW (48,000 Hp)
gas turbine
4× Wärtsilä diesel (2× 9 MW or 12,000 hp & 2×
11 MW or 15,000 hp)
4× Converteam 20 MW Advanced Induction
Motors
Speed: In excess of 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph)
Range: 10,000 nautical miles (19,000 km; 12,000 mi)
Sensors and
processing systems:
•S1850M long range radar
•Type 997 Artisan 3D medium range radar
•Ultra Electronics Series 2500 Electro
Optical System (EOS)
•Glide Path Camera (GPC)
Armament: •At least 3 × Phalanx CIWS
•30-mm DS30M Mk2 guns
•Miniguns
Aircraft carried: •Tailored air group of up to 40 aircraft
(50 full load): F-35B Lightning II
•Chinook
•AgustaWestland Apache
•Merlin
•Lynx Wildcat

Instead of a single island
superstructure containing both
the ship's navigation bridge
and flying control (flyco)
centres, the ships will have
these operations divided
between two structures, with
the forward island for
navigating the ship and the aft
island for controlling flying
operations. Under the flight
deck are a further nine decks.
The hangar deck measures 155
by 33.5 metres (509 by 110 ft)
with a height of 6.7 to 10
metres (22 to 33 ft.)

The Ministry of Defence Of UK
decided not to use nuclear
propulsion due to its high cost,so
power is supplied by two Rolls-
Royce Marine Trent MT30 36 MW
(48,000 hp) gas turbine generator
units and four Wärtsilä diesel
generator sets (two 9 MW or
12,000 hp and two 11 MW or
15,000 hp sets).
ROLLS-ROYCE MARINE TRENT MT30 36 MW

The Trents and diesels are the
largest ever supplied to the Royal
Navy, and together they feed the
low-voltage electrical systems as
well as four GE Power Conversion's
20 MW Advanced Induction Motor
(arranged in tandem) electric
propulsion motors that drive the
twin fixed-pitch propellers.
WÄRTSILÄ DIESAEL GENERATOR

The ship has an Integrated Full Electric
Propulsion (IFEP) system and uses four 20MW
(27,000 hp) electric motors of a similar type to
that used in the UK’s Type 45 destroyers which
use only two, one per shaft. The motors are
driven by a Converteam VDM 25000 pulse
width modulated converter which produces a
variable frequency output allowing the shaft
speed to be controlled across the full operating
range, thereby eliminating the need for a
gearbox. The four motors, two per shaft, are
located in three separate compartments for
better damage control and suvivability.

A platform management system is provided by L-3 Communications and includes a fully
integrated propulsion power management system that controls the operation of the turbo
and diesel generating sets for optimum efficiency.
For aspects of stability the diesel gensets are located low in the ship and were delivered at
an earlier stage of the construction. The Converteam generators are powered by two
Wärtsilä 16V38s of 11 MW (15,000 hp) and two Wärtsilä 12V38s of 9 MW (12,000 hp). The
two relatively lighter Rolls-Royce MT30 gas turbine generators are mounted higher in the
ship to shorten the air downtakes and exhausts.
The range of the carrier without refuelling is stated as being 10,000 nautical miles (19,000
km).

⚡ PROPULSION SYSTEM-SUMMARY

⚡ USS ENTERPRISE (CVN-65)
She was the world's first Nuclear-powered
aircraft carrier and the eighth United States
naval vessel to bear the name.
Like her predecessor of World War II fame, she is
nicknamed "Big E". At 1,123 ft (342 m),she is the longest
naval vessel in the world, a record which still stands. Her
93,284-long-ton (94,781 t) displacement ranked her as the
11th-heaviest supercarrier, after the 10 carriers of the
Nimitz class. Enterprise had a crew of some 4,600 service
members.

Displacement: 93,284 long tons (94,781 t) Full Load
Length: 1,123 ft (342 m)
Beam: 132.8 ft (40.5 m) (waterline)
257.2 ft (78.4 m) (extreme)
Draft: 39 ft (12 m)
Propulsion: 8 × Westinghouse A2W nuclear reactors
four sets Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 ×
shafts
280,000 shp (210 MW)
Speed: 33.6 kn (38.7 mph; 62.2 km/h)
Range: Unlimited distance; 20-25 years
Complement: 5,828 (maximum)
Ship's company: 3,000 (2,700 Sailors, 150 Chiefs, 150
Officers) Air wing: 1,800 (250 pilots, and 1,550 support
personnel)
Sensors and:
processing
systems
AN/SPS-48 3D air search radar
AN/SPS-49 2D air search radar
Electronic
warfare
& decoys:
AN/SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite
Mark 36 SRBOC
Armament
:
•2 × NATO Sea Sparrow launchers
•2 × 20 mm Phalanx CIWS mounts
•2 RAM launchers
Armor: 8 in (20 cm) aluminum belt (equivalent to 4 in (10 cm)
rolled homogeneous steel armor), armored flight deck,
hangar, magazines and reactor
Aircraft
carried:
Hold up to 90
60+ (normally)
Aviation
facilities:
Flight deck: 1,123 ft (342 m)
Notes: Equipped with 4 steam-powered catapults.

Enterprise is also the only aircraft
carrier to house more than two
nuclear reactors,having an eight-
reactor propulsion design, with
each A2W reactor taking the
place of one of the conventional
boilers in earlier
constructions.She is the only
carrier with four rudders, two
more than other classes, and
features a more cruiser-like hull.

The U.S. started developing nuclear
power plants for ships back in the
1940s, seeing the obvious strategic
advantage of an aircraft carrier that
needs refuelling only once every few
years. Enterprise was the first. While
the ship has a somewhat conservative
hull, one modified from the
conventional Forrestal-class
supercarrier, its propulsion was
revolutionary.

The Enterprise has eight
Westinghouse A2W nuclear reactors,
each generating 35,000 shaft
horsepower. That's an incredible
amount of power, even for a ship this
size, giving the 93,000-ton carrier a
top speed of greater than 33 knots
(38 mph). In trials it achieved more
than 35 knots.

⚡ BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. http://www.google.com
2. http://www.militaryfactory.com
3. http://www.en.wikipedia.org
4. http://www.maritimepropulsion.com
5. http://www.popularmechanics.com

⚡
Thank You

Propulsion Systems Of Ships

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