記載例:①ターゲット概念と概念モデ
ルの定義
社会的機能や社会的関係についての作成論文
Based on PROMISgoals and an extensive literature review, the Social Health
Workgroup recognized that extant frameworks included two primary sub-domains:
Social Function and Social Relationships (Fig. 1). Social Function often included
some distinction between capability and satisfaction, and social relationships
included concepts of social support and isolation.
Hahn et al., (2010) Measuring social health in the patient-reported outcomes measurement information
system (PROMIS): item bank development and testing, Qual Life Res19(7), 1035-1044
17
The workgroup focused first on Social Function
and agreed to address Social Relationships
(including possible expansion of its sub-
domains) in a future initiative. We developed
items covering four contexts: family, friends,
work and leisure. ・・・
→文献レビューなどを通して、概念の定義やモ
デルについて記載している。
回答選択肢の形式
カテゴリー セット1 セット2
期間数分(A few minutes) なし(None)
数分から1時間(Several Minutes to an hour) 1日(1day)
数時間(Several hours) 2-3日(2-3days)
1-2日(1-2 days) 4-5日(4-5days)
2日以上(>2 days) 6-7日(6-7days)
強度 なし(None) 全くなし(Not at all)
軽度(Mild) 少し(A little bit)
中程度(Moderate) いくぶん(Somewhat)
重度(Severe) かなり(Quite a bit)
極めて重度(Very Severe) とても(Very much)
能力 困難なく(Without any difficulty)
少し困難あり(With a little difficulty)
いくらか困難あり(With some difficulty)
かなり困難あり(With much difficulty)
行うことができない(unable to do) 27
記載例:②項目の作成
がん患者の性機能と満足尺度
Focus Groups Weconducted 16 focus groups with 109 patients to establish the
content validity of the PROMIS SexFS measures. Patient focus groups focused on
physical and psychosocial impacts of cancer on sexual function and intimate
relationships. We also discussed the clinical relevance of the proposed conceptual
model with oncology researchers and clinicians and sought their views on how
cancer and its treatment affected patients’ sexual health. We published our
working conceptual measurement model and provide an adapted version to show
the domains covered and how they may relate to each other. We wrote ~40 new
items based on the results of these groups/discussions and added domains
describing symptoms and other factors that interfere with sexual satisfaction.
→109名の患者を対象に、16個のフォーカスグループを実施した(内容的妥当性
の検討)。がんによる、性機能や親密な関係への身体・心理面への影響について
ディスカッションを行った。
→新たに40項目を追加し、性的満足を邪魔する症状や他の要因を記載するドメ
インを追加した。
Flynn et al. (2013). Development of the NIH PROMIS® Sexual Function and Satisfaction Measures
in Patients with Cancer. J Sex Med, 10, 43–52.
29
30.
記載例:②項目の作成
がん患者の性機能と満足尺度
Cognitive Interviews Toevaluate face validity, we tested items in cognitive
interviews. Each of 83 candidate items was evaluated for clarity, sensitivity, and
relevance by 5 or more participants, at least 2 of whom had less than a 9th grade
education or reading level as tested by the Wide Range Achievement Test.The 39
participants (16 low literacy) were diverse with respect to sex and race as well as
cancer type and stage. Items were revised based on results of the interviews.
Substantially revised items were retested in additional interviews.
→それぞれ83項目について5名以上の参加者に簡潔さ、感度、関連度の評価を
させた(少なくとも2名はリテラシーの低い者がが参加)。
Other Qualitative Review The team responsible for translating all PROMIS
measures reviewed all items and minor changes were made to reduce potential
difficulty with translation to non-English languages. We also convened 7 additional
clinical and academic experts on sexual function and cancer to review the
conceptual model and item development to date.
→翻訳可能性の検討とさらに専門家を追加しての概念と項目の精査を行う
Flynn et al. (2013). Development of the NIH PROMIS® Sexual Function and Satisfaction Measures
in Patients with Cancer. J Sex Med, 10, 43–52.
30
記載例:痛みの生活障害の項目バンク
• 14848名に対して痛みの生活障害に関する56項目を実施。以下のように項目
反応理論モデルの仮定を検討。
Unidimensional IRTmodels (as do CTT models) make the assumption that a
single latent construct drives the variance in scores.・・・The published PROMIS
analysis plan suggested the use of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in which a
unidimensional model is applied and fit statistic values are compared to prior
published criteria by Hu and Bentler [3,28,29], McDonald [37], and others
[6,33,62]. These criteria included: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) >0.95, Root Mean
Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) <0.06・・・
→1次元性の仮定を確認
A second assumption of IRT models is local independence. ・・・To evaluate LD,
we examined the residual correlation matrix produced by the single factor
CFA.・・・
→局所独立性の仮定を確認
39
Amtmann et al. (2010). Development of a PROMIS item bank to measure pain interference. Pain,
150(1), 173-82.
記載例:痛みの生活障害の項目バンク
• We modeledresponses to the 41 items of the candidate PROMIS-PI items using
Samejima‘s two parameter polytomous graded response model (GRM) with
Multilog, Version 7.03. ・・・We report values of S-X2 (a Pearson X2 statistic) and
S-G2 (a likelihood ratio G2 statistic)・・・
→パラメータの推定法(Samejimaの段階反応モデル)と用いた適合度指標。
41
Amtmann et al. (2010). Development of a PROMIS item
bank to measure pain interference. Pain, 150(1), 173-82.
• 各項目のパラメータ(識別力(a)と困難度
(b1-b4))を推定。
• T得点(一般母集団で平均50、標準偏差
10)にした上で、尺度情報曲線と頻度分
布をプロットしている(右図)。
→痛みが高めの者(T得点で55点から70点)
において精度が高い。
→がん患者や慢性疼痛患者の平均値も示
してある。
Amtmann et al.
NIH-PAAuthorManuscriptNIH-P
参考文献
PROMISのガイドラインと重要論文
• PROMIS® ValidityStandards Committee on behalf of the PROMIS
Network of Investigators. (2012) The PROMIS® Instrument
Development and Psychometric Evaluation Scientific Standards.pdf
icon (unpublished document).
• Cella et al. (2007). The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement
Information System (PROMIS): Progress of an NIH Roadmap
Cooperative Group during its first two years. Medical Care, 45(5),
S3–11.
• DeWalt et al. (2007) Evaluation of Item Candidates –The PROMIS
Qualitative Item Review. Med Care 2007; 45: S12–S21.
• Cella et al.(2010). The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement
Information System (PROMIS) developed and tested its first wave of
adult self–reported health outcome item banks: 2005–2008.
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(11), 1179–94.
※PROMISで公開されているビデオ講座がわかりやすいです。
56