The document is a project report on a gesture-controlled robot, submitted as part of a Bachelor of Technology in Electronics & Communication Engineering. It describes the concept of a robot controlled by hand gestures detected by a sensor, detailing its implementation, applications, and components used. The report includes acknowledgments, an abstract, as well as sections on literature review, feasibility, and future work.

1. A Project Report
On
Gesture Controlled Robot
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
Electronics & Communication Engineering
Submitted By
Under the Guidance of
Er. Ashwani Pandey
(Asst. Professor)
Department of Electronics & Communication
Ambalika Institute of Management and Technology,Lucknow
Affiliated to
DR.A.P.J ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW
2017 – 18
PRAGYA KULSHRESTH (1436331043)
RICHA YADAV (1436331051)
UTKARSH K SHARMA (1436331070)
UZMA HUSSAIN (1436331071)

2. ii
AMBALIKA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT
AND TECHNOLOGY, LUCKNOW
DATE ......................................................
CERTIFICATE
This is to be Certified that PRAGYA KULSHRESTH (1436331043), RICHA
YADAV (1436331051), UTKARSH K SHARMA (1436331070), UZMA
HUSSAIN (1436331071) have carried out the project work presented in this project
report entitled “Gesture Controlled Robot” for the award of Bachelor of
Technology in Electronics & Communication from Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam
Technical University, Lucknow under our guidance. The project report embodies
results of original work, and studies are carried out by the students themselves and
the contents of the project report do not form the basis for the award of any other
degree to the candidate or to anybody else from this or any other
University/Institution.
………………………….
Er. Ashwani Kumar Pandey
ProjectGuide
(Asst. Professor)
…………………………….
Prof. RajeshMaheshwari
( Head of ECE Department)

3. iii
Acknowledgement
First and foremost, we would thank our project guide, Er. Ashwani Kumar Pandey
for his valuable guidance and advice. He guided us greatly to work in this project. His
willingness to motivate usk helped tremendously. We would also like to thank our
Head of the Department, Prof. Rajesh Maheshwari for mentoring us and providing
us with various facilities.
We acknowledge Mr. Dawar Hussain Rizvi, for his cooperation and guidance for
preparing and presenting this project.
We also extend our sincere thanks to all other faculty members of Electronics and
Communication Department and our friends for their support and encouragement.
Finally, an honourable mention goes to our families and for their understanding and
support in completing this project. Without help of those mentioned above, this
project could not have been completed.
Pragya Kulshresth Uzma Hussain
(1436331043) (1436331071)
Utkarsh Kumar Sharma Richa Yadav
(1436331070) (1436331053)

4. iv
ABSTRACT
A gesture is a form of non-verbal communication in which visible bodily actions
communicate particular messages, either in place of speech or together and in parallel
with words. Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other parts of the body.
Gestures differ from physical non-verbal communication that does not communicate
specific messages, such as purely expressive displays, proxemics, or displays of joint
attention. Gestures allow individuals to communicate a variety of feelings and
thoughts, from contempt and hostility to approval and affection, often together with
body language in addition towards when they speak.
Gesture Controlled Robot is a robot which can be controlled by simple gestures. The
user just needs to wear a gesture device which includes a sensor. The sensor will
record the movement of hand in a specific direction which will result in the
movement of the robot in the respective direction. The robot and the Gesture device
are connected wirelessly via radio waves. The wireless communication enables the
user to interact with the robot in a more friendly way.

5. v
Content
Title Page
CERTIFICATE……………………………………………………..……….ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………..…..….iii
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………….…….iv
LIST OF FIGURES AND
TABLES…………………………………………………………….………vii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODCUTION ............................................................1
1.1 Robot................................................................................................1
1.2 Human Machine Interaction...............................................................1
1.2 Gesture.............................................................................................2
1.1 Motivation For Project.......................................................................2
1.2 Objective Of Project..........................................................................2
CHAPTER 2: GESTURE CONTROLLED ROBOT................................3
2.1 Gesture Controlled Robot...................................................................3
2.2 Applications......................................................................................4
CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW.................................................5
3.1 Accelerometer (ADXL335)................................................................7
3.2 Comparator IC (LM324)....................................................................8
3.3 Encoder IC (PT2262)....................................................................... 10
3.4 RF Module (Rx/Tx)......................................................................... 12
3.5 Decoder IC (PT2272) ...................................................................... 14
3.6 Microcontroller (AT89C51) ............................................................. 15

6. vi
3.6 Motor Driver IC (L293D)............................................................................17
3.7 DC Motors…………...………………………….…..…………….........19
3.8.1 DC Gear Motor……….…………………………………................20
CHAPTER 4:IMPLEMENTATION...........................................................25
4.1 Simulation................................................................................................26
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION, LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE
WORK..............................................................................................................27
5.1 Conclusion.................................................................................................27
5.2 Limitations and Future Work................................................................33
CHAPTER 6: FEASIBILITY OF THE PROJECT...................................34
6.1 Software .............................................................................................34
6.2 Hardware ............................................................................................34
6.1 Economic............................................................................................34
REFERENCES…………...…………………..…..…….......................48

7. vii
LIST OF FIGURES & TABLES
Figure Page No.
Figure 3-1 Block Diagram.........................…………………………................……………5
Figure 3-2 ADXL335 Accelerometer……….……………………………………...………7
.
Figure 3-3 LM324 IC……………………………………………………………………….8
Figure 3-4 HT-12E IC …………………………………………….....……………...…......10
Figure 3-5 RF Transmitter………………………………….…………………………...…12
Figure 3-6 RF Receiver………………………………...………………………....….….…13
Figure 3-7 HT-12D IC………………………………………………………………..……14
Figure 3-8 Arduino........................................................................................................…...15
Figure 3-10 L293D IC……………………………………………………...………..….…17
Figure 3-11 H-Bridge……………………………………………………………...…....…18
Figure 3-12 DC Motor…………………………………………………………………..…19
Figure 3-13 DC Gear Motor……………………………………………….…………....…20
Figure 4-1 Input and Output of Comparator IC………………………...……………....…21
Figure 4-2 ASK Modulation……………………………………………………...…….…22
Figure 4-3 Transmitting Circuit…………………………………...……………….....……23
Figure 4-4 Receiving Circuit……………………………………………………....…....…25
Figure 4-5 Simulation…………………………………………………………..…..…...…26
.
Figure 5-1 Move Forward…………………………………………………….……..…..…27
..
Figure 5-2 Move Backward………………………………………………………..........…27
.
Figure 5-3 Move Right………………………………………………..…………....…...…27
Figure 5-4 Move Left……………………………….…………………………….......…...28
.
Figure 5-5 Robot-1………………………………………………………………………..….....…..…...…29
Figure 5-6 Robot-2……………………………………………………………..……………..……....……29

8. viii
Figure 5-7 Robot Wheel……………………………………………………..………………..…....……..30
.
Figure 5-8 Receiving Circuit……………………………………….……………………..….….………30
Figure 5-9 Transmitting Circuit……………………………………………………………..…………31
Figure 5-10 Hand Assembly……………………………………………………………………....……31
Figure 5-11 Robot with Hand Assembly………………………………………………...….………32

9. ix
Table No. Page No.
Table 3-1 Pin description for Accelerometer…………….………………………..…………….....…7
Table 3-2 Pin description for LM324………………………………………………….………………9
Table 3-3 Pin description for HT-12E…………………………………………………...……………11
Table 3-4 Pin description for RF Tx …………………………………………..………………...……12
….
Table 3-5 Pin description for RF Rx……………………………………………..….………...………13
Table 3-6 Pin description for HT-12D……………………………………………………….………14
Table 5-1 Accelerometer Orientation………………………………………….……………..………28