Nano Material
Introduction and Synthesis
Nanomaterials describe, in principle, materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 1000 nanometres (10−9 meter) but is usually 1—100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale[1]).
Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, or mechanical properties.
Nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercialized[2] and beginning to emerge as commodities.[3]
Nano Material
Introduction and Synthesis
Nanomaterials describe, in principle, materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 1000 nanometres (10−9 meter) but is usually 1—100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale[1]).
Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, or mechanical properties.
Nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercialized[2] and beginning to emerge as commodities.[3]
Different types of methods can be used for the preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, their advantages and disadvantages and applications of the materials in various fields are given in the presentation
know more about nanomaterials and its apllication in future as well as current situation, and what wil we reserch on basis of nanomaterials and carbon structure and its aplication in such futuriastic manner.
A part of nanotechnology. Nanosensors is very hot topic for research. As nanosensor has immense applications in the fields like medical, analysis, research etc. Nanosensor recude the cost and also the time require for analysis.
The following presentation is only for quick reference. I would advise you to read the theoretical aspects of the respective topic and then use this presentation for your last minute revision. I hope it helps you..!!
Mayur D. Chauhan
Nanomaterials in biomedical applicationsumeet sharma
An introduction to emerging technology in medicinal science, "nanodrugs" a fruitful combination of nano-science and medical science. In this presentation, use of nano shells for delivery of drugs to targeted cancer cells has been explained. along with In Vivo and In Vitro studies on use of nanomaterials for biomedical application. For any information please feel free to contact me or refer to the references.
Novel effects can occur in materials when structures are formed with sizes comparable to any one of many possible length scales, such as the de Broglie wavelength of electrons, or the optical wavelengths of high energy photons. In these cases quantum mechanical effects can dominate material properties. One example is quantum confinement where the electronic properties of solids are altered with great reductions in particle size. The optical properties of nanoparticles, e.g. fluorescence, also become a function of the particle diameter. This effect does not come into play by going from macrosocopic to micrometer dimensions, but becomes pronounced when the nanometer scale is reached.
Different types of methods can be used for the preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, their advantages and disadvantages and applications of the materials in various fields are given in the presentation
know more about nanomaterials and its apllication in future as well as current situation, and what wil we reserch on basis of nanomaterials and carbon structure and its aplication in such futuriastic manner.
A part of nanotechnology. Nanosensors is very hot topic for research. As nanosensor has immense applications in the fields like medical, analysis, research etc. Nanosensor recude the cost and also the time require for analysis.
The following presentation is only for quick reference. I would advise you to read the theoretical aspects of the respective topic and then use this presentation for your last minute revision. I hope it helps you..!!
Mayur D. Chauhan
Nanomaterials in biomedical applicationsumeet sharma
An introduction to emerging technology in medicinal science, "nanodrugs" a fruitful combination of nano-science and medical science. In this presentation, use of nano shells for delivery of drugs to targeted cancer cells has been explained. along with In Vivo and In Vitro studies on use of nanomaterials for biomedical application. For any information please feel free to contact me or refer to the references.
Novel effects can occur in materials when structures are formed with sizes comparable to any one of many possible length scales, such as the de Broglie wavelength of electrons, or the optical wavelengths of high energy photons. In these cases quantum mechanical effects can dominate material properties. One example is quantum confinement where the electronic properties of solids are altered with great reductions in particle size. The optical properties of nanoparticles, e.g. fluorescence, also become a function of the particle diameter. This effect does not come into play by going from macrosocopic to micrometer dimensions, but becomes pronounced when the nanometer scale is reached.
Magnetic nanoparticle preparation. I made the presentation soon after the Super Saturday 6 week program at Birck Nanocenter where I learned the technology
Biosensor is the Talk of The Day. It made possible, the conversion of yesteryear's cumbersome experiments to an easier, faster all the while improving its sensitivity and specificity. This article will help you to gain an acquaintance about it, its properties, etc.
This ppt explains the basics of mass spectrometry and in application in pharmacognosy. Hope this helps you guys. Like, comment and save. If you hav problem downloading, send your email address; i'll post it for you by mail :)
Enjoy the presentation.
A sensor that integrates a biological element with a physiochemical transducer to produce an electronic signal proportional to a single analyte which is then conveyed to a detector.
This Powerpoint presentation consists of the bio sensing applications and their study. the results that are included are taken from the base paper with in depth study
biosensor, modern, principles, technology, applications, working of sensor, types of sensor , nanomaterial, based biosensor(nanosensor) optical biosensor, flourescent biosensor, electrochemical and glucose biosensor, genetically encoded biosensor, microbial biosensor, cancer , references included, advantages and disadvantages also included.
A biosensor is an analytical device, used for the detection of a chemical substance, that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector.The sensitive biological element, e.g. tissue, microorganisms, organelles, cell receptors, enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, etc., is a biologically derived material or biomimetic component that interacts with, binds with, or recognizes the analyte under study. The biologically sensitive elements can also be created by biological engineering. The transducer or the detector element, which transforms one signal into another one, works in a physicochemical way: optical, piezoelectric, electrochemical, electrochemiluminescence etc., resulting from the interaction of the analyte with the biological element, to easily measure and quantify. The biosensor reader device connects with the associated electronics or signal processors that are primarily responsible for the display of the results in a user-friendly way.[5] This sometimes accounts for the most expensive part of the sensor device, however it is possible to generate a user friendly display that includes transducer and sensitive element (holographic sensor). The readers are usually custom-designed and manufactured to suit the different working principles of biosensors.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
1. Roll No: 08085707
Registration No: 1834
Session: 2007-08
Department of Materials Science &
Engineering
Rajshahi University
2. Project Objectives
Detail characterization of the magnetic markers/nanoparticles,
which will be used for Biomedical Application.
Detailed Study of AC susceptibility χ , Size distribution, M-H
curves, magnetic relaxation, magnetic moment m.
Analyzing the experimental results, try to obtain the values of the
key parameters, dh, mB, EB for the markers.
Develop the measurement system and the detection principle
for biological target.
Improvement of the System Sensitivity.
3. Magnetic Nanomaterials
• Magnetic nanomaterials are minute parts of magnetic materials
with typical size well below 10-7m(smaller than 100 nm).
• They are present in different materials found in nature such as
rocks, living organisms, ceramics, and corrosion products, but
they are also artificially made and used as the active component
of ferrofluids, permanent magnets, soft magnetic materials,
biomedical materials, and catalysts.
• Their diverse applications in geology, physics, chemistry, biology,
and medicine render the study of their properties of great
importance to both science and technology.
• Nanomaterials have chemical, physical and bioactive
characteristics, which are different from those of larger entities of
the same materials.
7. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles are currently used as contrast agent
in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and other biological applications.
They are originally ferromagnetic substances, which have lost their
permanent magnetism due to their small size.
The magnetization of such nanoparticles follows an external magnetic
field without any hysteresis and they are better known as
“superparamagnetic” due to their large magnetic susceptibility.
These nanoparticles consist of a coated iron oxide core (magnetite,
maghemite or other insoluble ferrites) characterized by a large magnetic
moment in the presence of a static external magnetic field. They are
classified into two main groups according to their size
SPIOs ≥ 50 nm USPIOs ≤ 50 nm
Super Paramagnetic Nanoparticles
8. For biomedical applications, those nanomaterials enter
the body and contact with tissues and cells directly, thus
it is necessary for exploring their biocompatibility.
Nanomaterials are used as vectors for the applications in
drug delivery, gene delivery, or as biosensors, where a
direct contact with blood occurs.
9. Characteristics of Magnetic Marker
• Magnetic immunoassays utilizing magnetic markers and
magnetic sensors. In this method, an antibody is labeled
with the magnetic marker made of magnetic nanoparticles
and the binding reaction is detected by measuring the
magnetic signal from the marker.
• The magnetic properties are determined by measuring the
magnetization curve, the magnetic relaxation, and the ac
susceptibility. Comprehensive comparisons are made
between the experimental results and the theoretical ones
predicted from the Brownian relaxation. From the
comparison, the distributions of the particle parameters,
such as magnetic moment, relaxation time, and particle size,
are estimated.
10.
11. H=0 H ≠ 0 H=0
Néel relaxation
H = 0
Brownian relaxation
2. Neel mechanism
Rotation of the
magnetization vector
within the particles.
3. Brownian Mechanism
Mechanical rotation
of the magnetic particle
Intrinsic superparamagnetism
(the particle magnetic moments
aligns with external field)
Extrinsic superparamagnetism
(the particle itself aligns with
field)
H
What is Brownian and Neel Relaxation?
12.
13. Introduction of Immunoassay
An immunoassay is a test that uses antibody and antigen
complexes as a means of generating a measurable result.
An antibody: antigen complex is also known as an immuno-
complex.
“Immuno” refers to an immune response that causes the
body to generate antibodies,
and
“Assay” refers to a test. Thus, an immunoassay is a test that
utilizes immunocomplexing when antibodies and antigens
are brought together.
“Immuno”& “assay”
14. The immunoassay methodologies are:
noncompetitive and competitive immunoassays,
and
homogeneous and heterogeneous immunoassays
Labeled material
All immunoassays require the use of labeled material in order to
measure the amount of antigen or antibody present.
A label is a molecule that will react as part
of the assay, so a change in signal can be measured in the blood:
reagent solution.
CATEGORIES OF IMMUNOASSAY METHODOLOGIES
Immunoassay
15. There are several different methods used
in immunoassay tests
Immunoprecipitation
Particle immunoassays
Immunonephelometry
Radioimmunoassay (RIA)
Enzyme (EIA)
Fluorescent immunoassay (FIA)
Chemiluminescent immunoassays
Magnetic Immunoassay
Liquid Phase Immunoassay.
Conventional Immunoassays
17. The antibody-enzyme conjugate is
added to the reaction mixture.
The antibody part of the conjugate
binds to any antigen molecules that
were bound previously, creating an
antibody-antigen-antibody
"sandwich".
After washing away any unbound
conjugate, the substrate solution is
added.
Conventional Immunoassay Disadvantages
Need washing process for B/F separation
A typical radioimmunoassay is performed by the simultaneous preparation of a series
of standard and unknown mixtures in test tubes, each containing identical
concentrations of labeled antigen and specific antibody. After an appropriate reaction
time the antibody-bound (B) and free (F) fractions of the labeled antigen are
separated by one of a variety of techniques.
18. Detecting antibody
Capturing antibody
Signal
Magnetic Marker
Antigen
Signal
MR/Flux Sensor
•Disease-related
protein
•Cancer cell
•Pathogenic
bacteria
•DNA
Magnetic Marker
Detecting antibody
Capturing antibody
Signal
Magnetic Immunoassay
High sensitivity: Detection with highly sensitive SQUID
High speed: Detection without B/F (Bound/Free) separation
High linearity: No saturation of signal
No washing process is needed
Signal from free marker is zero due
to Brownian rotation
19. Merits of Magnetic Method
• One of the merits of this magnetic method is that we can
perform immunoassay in the liquid phase. This function
can be realized by utilizing magnetic relaxation
phenomena caused by Brownian rotation of the magnetic
markers in a solution.
• Using the phenomena, we can distinguish bound markers
from unbound (free) ones without using the so called
bound/free (BF) separation process. Since the time
consuming process of the BF separation can be
eliminated, we can expect a high-speed immunoassay
with the magnetic method.
20. Liquid Phase Immunoassay
1. Susceptibility
2. Relaxation
3. Remanence
The method will be chosen
depends on the magnetic
properties of the marker
Validity of the
Immunoassay
experiment
Biological Targets
Outcome of
Project
Compare with
conventional
methods
Future Work
27. Conclusion
• Radiation is very harmful for our body. We can use
nanomaterials to detect biological target instead of
radiation.
• The main objective of this project paper is to use
nanomaterials in biomedical application. In Bangladesh if
we can use this technology in various diagnosis and
diagnostic centre which will be beneficial for us.
• Cancer is known to be one of the main causes of death in
the developed world. Nanotechnology through the use of
drug delivery systems participates in the struggle against
cancer.
