Processes of science gr 6
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The document outlines the key processes involved in science which include observing, inferring, predicting, classifying, evaluating, making models, and conducting scientific experiments. It provides examples of qualitative and quantitative observations and distinguishes observations from inferences. It also gives examples of predicting, classifying, making models, and evaluating in scientific investigations. The scientific investigation process involves questioning, observing, hypothesizing, testing, evaluating, and concluding.
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B10vrv2043
1) Ecological succession is the process by which the species in a community change over time following a disturbance.
2) Primary succession occurs in areas without previous communities, like after volcanic eruptions, while secondary succession follows less severe disturbances where soil remains.
3) Early pioneer species like lichens and grasses establish first, gradually changing the environment and allowing more species to colonize over time.
B10vrv2041
Climate is defined by long-term patterns of temperature and precipitation for a region, whereas weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions. Many factors influence global climate, including solar energy absorbed and radiated by the biosphere, latitude, and heat transport by winds and ocean currents. Solar energy is most intense at the equator, creating tropical climates, while polar regions receive less intense solar energy due to Earth's tilt, resulting in polar climates. Winds and ocean currents transport heat from warm to cool areas, affecting regional weather and climates.
B10vrv2042
The document provides an overview of niches and community interactions in ecology. It defines a niche as the range of conditions where a species lives and obtains resources to survive and reproduce. It describes how species' tolerance ranges and competition over resources shape niches and communities. Predation, herbivory, and keystone species also influence community structure by regulating prey and plant populations. Finally, it outlines the three main types of symbiotic relationships between species: mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism.
B10vrv2034
1) Matter cycles through biogeochemical cycles within and between ecosystems, powered by the flow of energy. Elements are recycled through biological, geological, and chemical processes and are never created or destroyed.
2) The key biogeochemical cycles that sustain life are the water, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus cycles. Water cycles through evaporation and precipitation between the atmosphere, land, and oceans. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycle between organisms and the environment through photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.
3) Nutrient availability can limit an ecosystem's primary productivity if one nutrient such as nitrogen or phosphorus is in short supply. Fertilizers are used to increase nutrient levels and crop yields in
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