Processes and technology ppt @ DOMS

Lecture Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Process Planning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Process Strategy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Outsourcing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Process Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Types of Processes ,[object Object],[object Object],6- PROJECT BATCH ,[object Object],[object Object],Type of customer One-at-a-time Few individual customers MASS ,[object Object],[object Object],Mass market CONT. ,[object Object],Mass market Product demand Infrequent Fluctuates Stable Very stable

Types of Processes ,[object Object],[object Object],6- PROJECT BATCH ,[object Object],No. of different products Infinite variety Many, varied MASS ,[object Object],Few CONT. ,[object Object],Very few Production system Long-term project Discrete, job shops Repetitive, assembly lines Continuous, process industries

Types of Processes ,[object Object],[object Object],6- PROJECT BATCH ,[object Object],Primary type of work Specialized contracts Fabrication MASS ,[object Object],Assembly CONT. ,[object Object],Mixing, treating, refining Worker skills Experts, crafts-persons Wide range of skills Limited range of skills Equipment monitors

Types of Processes ,[object Object],[object Object],6- PROJECT BATCH Flexibility, quality Dis-advantages Non-repetitive, small customer base, expensive Costly, slow, difficult to manage MASS Efficiency, speed, low cost Capital investment; lack of responsiveness CONT. Highly efficient, large capacity, ease of control Difficult to change, far-reaching errors, limited variety Examples Construction, shipbuilding, spacecraft Machine shops, print shops, bakeries, education Automobiles, televisions, computers, fast food Paint, chemicals, foodstuffs

Process Selection With Break-Even Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Process Selection With Break-Even Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Process Selection With Break-Even Analysis 6- ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],c f = fixed cost V = volume (i.e., number of units produced and sold) c v = variable cost per unit p = price per unit

Process Selection With Break-Even Analysis 6- Solving for Break-Even Point (Volume) TR = TC vp = c f + vc v vp - vc v = c f v ( p - c v ) = c f v = c f p - c v

Break-Even Analysis 6- Fixed cost = c f = $2,000 Variable cost = c v = $50 per unit Price = p = $100 per unit Break-even point is v = = = 40 units c f p - c v 2000 100 - 50

Break-Even Analysis: Graph 6- Total cost line Total revenue line Break-even point 40 Units $3,000 — $2,000 — $1,000 — Dollars

Process Selection – Multiple Processes 6- Below or equal to 400, choose A Above or equal to 400, choose B $2,000 + $50 v = $10,000 + $30 v $20 v = $8,000 v = 400 units Process A Process B

Process Plans ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Operations Sheet for Plastic Part 6- Part name Crevice Tool Part No. 52074 Usage Hand-Vac Assembly No. 520 Oper. No. Description Dept. Machine/Tools Time 10 Pour in plastic bits 041 Injection molding 2 min 20 Insert mold 041 #076 2 min 30 Check settings 041 113, 67, 650 20 min & start machine 40 Collect parts & lay flat 051 Plastics finishing 10 min 50 Remove & clean mold 042 Parts washer 15 min 60 Break off rough edges 051 Plastics finishing 10 min

Process Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Flow Charts in Microsoft Visio 6-

Building a Flowchart ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Process Flowcharts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

6- Process Flowchart Symbols Operation Inspection Transportation Delay Storage

6- Process Flowchart of Apple Processing

Process Map or Swimlane Chart of Restaurant Service 6-

Simple Value Chain Flowchart 6-

Process Innovation ,[object Object],6- Breakthrough Improvement Continuous improvement refines the breakthrough Continuous improvement activities peak; time to reengineer process

From Function to Process 6- Manufacturing Accounting Sales Purchasing Product Development Order Fulfillment Supply Chain Management Customer Service Function Process

Process Innovation 6- Strategic Directives Goals for Process Performance Pilot Study of New Design Detailed Process Map High - level Process map Goals Met? Innovative Ideas Design Principles Model Validation Customer Requirements Key Performance Measures Full Scale Implementation Baseline Data Benchmark Data No Yes

Principles for Redesigning Processes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Techniques for Generating Innovative Ideas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Techniques for Generating Innovative Ideas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Technology Decisions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Technology Decisions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Components of e-Manufacturing 6-

Product Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Product Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Process Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Manufacturing Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Information Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Information Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6-

Processes and technology ppt @ DOMS

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