This document discusses different types of space maintainers used in orthodontics. It defines space maintainers and describes their purpose in maintaining space after premature loss of primary teeth. The document categorizes space maintainers as either removable or fixed, and lists examples of common types, their advantages and disadvantages, ideal requirements, indications and contraindications. Key space maintainers mentioned include acrylic partial dentures, lingual arches, Nance holding arches, and band and loop appliances.

2. DEFINITION
• Graber (1966)-
• Proffitt and Ackermann(1980)-

3. PREVENTIVE ORTHODONTIC PROCEDURE

4. PARENT EDUCATION

6. Physiologic
nipples
PacifiersNursing bottle caries

7. Caries control

8. Care of deciduous dentition

9. Extraction of supernumerary teeth

10. Supernumerary teeth:

11. Eliminating Occlusal Interferance

12. Maintenance of tooth shedding time
table:

13. Management of akylosed teeth:

14. Managemnet of abnormal frenal
attachments:

16. Oral habits ,checkups and
educating patients and parents.

17. Preventing MILWAUKEE Brace
Damage:

18. MILWAUKEE BRACES

19. Deeply locked permanent first
molars:

20. Space Maintenance:

22. Ideal requirements of space
maintainers:

24. Classification of Space maintainers
According to Hitchcock:
According to Raymond C.Thurow:

25. According to Hinrichsen:

26. Removable space maintainers

27. Indications:

28. Contraindications:
Advantage:

29. DISADVANTAGE:

30. Some commonly used removable space
maintainers:
Acrylic partial dentures

31. Full or complete dentures

32. Removable distal shoe space maintainers

34. Fixed Space Maintainers:
Advantages:

35. Disadvantages

36. Examples of fixed space maintainers
Band and loop space maintainers

38. Crown & loop appliance

40. Lingual arch space maintainer

42. Platal arch appliance(Nance holding arch)

44. Transpalatal arch:

46. Esthetic anterior space maintainer

47. Band and Bar type space maintainer

48. Distal shoe space maintainer:

49. DESIGN OF WIRE LOOP

50. INDICATION:

51. CONTRAINDICATION:

53. Preformed bonded space
maintainer

54. Planning for space maintainers:

55. References