1) The document outlines activities exploring light phenomena including diffraction, interference, and iridescence using various simulations and experiments. 2) In one experiment, students observe how water wave diffraction is affected by openings and barriers. In another, they create phononic crystals of different nanoparticle sizes that display various colors. 3) The document proposes an "Eco Oil" project to replace coal with a laser and magnifying glass, in order to protect human health and the environment from coal's negative impacts. It outlines the prototype and concludes that the project achieves environmental and health protections.

1. S
AL-Bairaq
9th cycle
I am Discovering Materials
Manipulation of light in the Nano world
Discovers Team :
1- Ebrahim Al-Rumaihi
2- Faissal Hussain

2. Outline
• Introduction of Light :-
• Activity 1: Light and their spectrum
• Activity 2: observing diffraction
– Part A: Diffraction in Water Waves.
– Part B :Diffraction Simulation.
• Activity 3: Observing interference
– Part A : Two Slit Simulation.
– Part B : Making Interference Transparent.
– Part C :Wave generator .
• Activity 4: Observing iridescence
– Part A: Peacock feather.
– Part B :Two colors at once.
• Design Project : Fabricating Phonetic crystals
• Product Idea :Eco Oil

3. Introduction
Lets start with the definition of light
as said by modern science “ electromagnetic radiation that
is visible to the human eye and is responsible for the sense
of sight” there are different types of light phenomena that
we will mention some later on.

4. • observing the visible spectrum of light in 2 types of light (
florescent , incandescent )
• to start with we made a simple spectroscop then we added the light
sources. represent the light spectrum of the types of light.
Activity 1 :Light and their spectrum

5. S We can see 2 different types
of Light spectrum using 2
different types of light in the
first photo we can see the florescent light spectrum
second photo we can see the discrete and continues light spectrum.
Conclusion :
S We saw 2 types of rainbow
first is continues
Second is incandescent and continues together
Activity 1: Light and their spectrum
Results :

6. to make the following experiment we needed
(Plastic container, wooden blocks, wooden rod
and water) we tried to line the wooden blocks
as in the picture then we started making waves
using the rod.
Activity 2: observing diffraction
Part A: Diffraction in Water Waves.
We can summarize results by saying that
water passed through when there was an
opening but it didn’t go through when there’s
a barrier.
• Results :
Water Wave can bend as pass by an
obstacles or through an openings
• Conclusion :

7. Part B :Diffraction Simulation.
Results :
D = 0.5 λ D = λ D = 3 λ
Activity 2: observing diffraction
link : http://165.124.3.26/bdslit.html

8. Activity 3: Observing interference
Part A : Two Slit Simulation.
D =0.5 λ D = λ
observe interference by simulation
link : http://165.124.3.26/bdslit.html
D =3 λ

9. Activity 3: Observing interference
Part B : Making Interference Transparent.
Result : We found that white color constrictive interference, black
color is destructive, when two waves interfere with each other

10. Activity 3: Observing interference
Part C :Wave generator(Mechanical wave) .
Antinode : a point at which the amplitude of one of the two
kinds of displacement in a standing wave.
node: is a centering point of component parts.

11. Activity 4: Observing iridescence
S Objective : Observing colors wave length and how it gets affected by the size of
the slit when passing through one
S Procedure :
We had hardened paper box we made a hole in each end 1 for the light and 1 for our
eyes so we can see the Peacock feather, then we put the Peacock feather under the
box
What we have got ?
different colors appear at different angles.
Part A: Peacock feather

12. Fabricating Phonetic crystals
Polystyrene solution 250nm, 300nm ,
They have the same thing except the nano particle size and then we but it in a hot
plate and let it heat and it get different colors as you can see in the pictures down
below
Result :
S Observing iridescence due to the different in Nano particle size
250 300

13. Eco oil
Introduction :
We are thinking about the environment and, human health because the
burning the oil by the coal is deteriorating human health day after day.
project:
The project is about to dispense the coal which is harmful to human health
and to replace it the sharp light.

14. Work steps
1- Taking a box 2- Taking a laser
3- Taking a magnifying glass
4- and let it in a one prototype witch we call it as “Eco Oil”

15. Results and Conclusions
1- To protect the world from damaged health.
2- protection ozone from damages.
3- The risk of flying dust and spills as a result of incidents when coal
transport.
4- using light energy instead of coal.
5- Protection of trucks from the danger of explosions during transport.

16. Recommendations
1. Use stronger laser
2. Improve the project
3. Don’t stop at specific point
4. Bigger magnifying glass
5. Use sun light power to charge the laser

17. What have we benefited ?
We gane during our participation in Al-Bairaq a lot of things :
One of the things that we added to ourselves is engoy physics , We leart
how to depend on our self and how to work in a team ,Chalenge our
self to win and , getting self-confidence and how to invent new
product .

18. Acknowledgment
Many thanks to my teachers, school and AL-Bairaq team from
Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University for
supporting us during our journey with a AL-Bairaq.
Also, I would like to thank the partner , sponsors UNESCO,
Qatar National Commission, Ras Gas, Maersk and Shell.