Sensory processing disorder occurs when children have difficulty processing sensory information from their environment. It can be caused by irregular brain function or neurological issues. Children with SPD may be over-sensitive or under-sensitive to stimuli like touch, sound, and movement. Those who are under-sensitive often seek more stimulation through activities like swinging or jumping. Those who are over-sensitive tend to avoid stimulation and prefer calm environments. Managing a child's sensory needs through activities, pressure, and a calm approach can help reduce challenging behaviors related to sensory overload or under-stimulation.