This document discusses the structure, processing, and applications of barite. It begins with an introduction to barite, including its discovery, naming, and early uses. It then discusses sources of barite, describing where it is commonly found geologically. The main sections cover the mineral properties of barite and the related mineral witherite, methods for processing barite, and applications of barite and its derivatives. Barite and its derivatives are used for drilling mud, paint filler, glass coatings, wastewater treatment, and other industrial applications. The largest barite producing countries are China, India, Morocco, and the United States.

1. FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IMAM KHOMEINI QAZVIN
STRUCTURES, PROCESSING &
APPLICATIONS OF BARITE
By : Ali mehri
Supervisor : Dr. Karimi

2. Content
■ Introduction
■ Sources
■ Minerals
■ Processing methods
■ Applications
■ Holder countries
■ References
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3. Introduction[1][2][3]
■ Found in the 17th century near Bologna in Italy.
■ Barite was named from the Greek word barus which means heavy.
■ It also named barytine, barytite, Heavy Spar, tiff.
■ It was used for the production of barium hydroxide for sugar
refining, and as a white pigment for textiles, paper, and paint.
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4. Sources[2][3]
■ As a vein filling and as a gangue mineral in silver, copper, nickel ores.
■ In lead-zinc veins in limestones.
■ In hot spring deposits.
■ often associated with the minerals Anglesite and Celestine.
■ With Hematite ore.
■ Hydrothermal and evaporation environments.
■ Rarely in basalts.
■ It has also been identified in meteorites.
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5. Barite[3][4]
 Chemical Formula BaSO4
 Color Colorless , white , yellow ,
orange , red , pink , purple, brown, blue,
gray, and black
 Streak White
 Specific Gravity 4.3 - 4.6
 Hardness 3 - 3.5
 Crystal System Orthorhombic
Luster Vitreous to pearly
 Solubility insoluble
 Melting point 1580 C
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6. Witherite[4][5]
 Chemical Formula BaCO3
 Color White, cream, grayish-white,
pale yellow, pale green
 Streak White
 Specific Gravity 4.3 - 4.6
 Hardness 3 - 3.5
 Crystal System Orthorhombic
 Luster Vitreous
 Solubility insoluble
 Melting point 811 C
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7. Processing method[6]
Dry type Wet type
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Cone/jaw
crusher
Ball mill
Shaking
table
Dryer
Jig
Washing
Cone/jaw
crusher
Ball millJig/flotation

8. Applications[2][7]
weighting agent for drilling
fluids(BaSO4)
Advantages:
■ Increase mud density up to
21 lb/gal (2.5 g/cm3 )
■ Control formation pressure
■ Stabilize the borehole
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9. Applications[8]
As a filler in paints(BaSO4)
■ Blanc Fixe :
Blanc Fixe is an advanced filler
for Paint & Coatings
Advantages:
Easy dispersion, excellent
gloss, pigment spacing
effects
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Information
Average particle size : 0.7 µm
Oil index : 14 g/100g
Lightness L* : 99 %

10. Blanc fixe[9]
■ industrial grade barite production has
the grade of 97 %.
■ The barite grading over 98% is created
chemically in a laboratory named by
blanc fixe.
■ VIM barite is naturally occurring to as
high as 99.26% BaSO4. VIM barite
requires NO CHEMICALS to produce.
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11. Applications[3]
As a coating for hot cathodes
(BaO)
Material
Operating
temperature
Emission
efficacy
Specific
emission
Tungsten 2500 K 5 mA/W 500 mA/cm2
Thoriated
tungsten
2000 K 100 mA/W 5 A/cm2
Oxide
coated
1000 K 500 mA/W 10 A/cm2
Barium
aluminate
1300 K 400 mA/W 4 A/cm2
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12. Applications[10]
Brin process (BaO)
■ Brin process is a now obsolete
industrial scale production
process for oxygen.
■ In this process barium oxide
reacts at 500–600 °C with air
to form barium peroxide which
decomposes at above 800 °C
by releasing oxygen.
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2Ba + O2 → 2BaO
BaCO3 → BaO + CO2

13. Applications[8]
Barium carbonate(BaCO3)
■ coarse powder is used for
the production of crystal
glass.
■ Granular form is used for
the production of special
glasses.
■ Fine powder is specially
developed for usage in
ceramics.
■ standard powder is used in 13

14. Applications[8]
Barium Chloride(BaO)
■ Barium Chloride Dihydrate
is used in waste water
treatment, the production of
PVC stabilizers and oil
lubricants.
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15. World production[11]
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16. Holder countries[12]
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17. References
1. Beniamino Barbieri, 2010, A Short History of Fluorescence.
2. Dr. Kamar Shah Ariffin, 2002, baryte.
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/ Asarelah, 20 August 2016
4. http://www.minerals.net/ 2 September 2016
5. http://www.chemicalland21.com/ 2 September 2016
6. http://www.ngdir.ir/2 September 2016
7. Pal skalle, 2011, Drilling fluid engineering, page 15
8. http://www.solvay.com/3 September 2016
9. Steven R. Livingston, 2012 , Voyageur Industrial Minerals Ltd
10.William B. Jensen, 2009, The Origin of the Brin Process for the
Manufacture of Oxygen
11.www.indmin.com, 3 September 2016
12.http://www.indexmundi.com, 3 September 2016
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