The document provides operating instructions for the EURO GOLD® IBS decorative acid gold plating process from Smith Precious Metals Company. The EURO GOLD® IBS process is designed to produce bright, uniform, corrosion resistant gold deposits from 18 to 24 karat in color and over 1 micron in thickness. The solution contains 0.2-1 oz/gal of gold, alloying elements, and has a pH of 3.8-4.7 and specific gravity of 10-25° baume'. Operating conditions include a temperature of 90-130°F, cathode current density of 1-40 ASF, and plating rate of 24-45 mg/AM.
With the enterprise app market growing at an exponential rate – with expectations of it to grow 27% per year from 2015 to 2016 alone – businesses are asking more and more questions related to mobility development, testing and support. A question that we commonly hear is, “how should we protect strategic data on mobile devices used to build, test, and support apps?” We’ll dive into some details below, but the answer looks something like this - See more at: http://mobilelabsinc.com/strategic-private-cloud-when-and-why-infographic/#sthash.naPmoMKQ.dpuf
Technology is bridging our mind with reality in real-time. As a consequence we live in a world of complete interactivity and instant distribution, based on billions of jelly beans wired together to form a new association of consciousness........
Lezione di Paolo Mardegan, Dirigente di Neo Network al Corso di "Psicologia e Nuove Tecnologie della Comunicazione" dell'Università Cattolica di Milano.
With the enterprise app market growing at an exponential rate – with expectations of it to grow 27% per year from 2015 to 2016 alone – businesses are asking more and more questions related to mobility development, testing and support. A question that we commonly hear is, “how should we protect strategic data on mobile devices used to build, test, and support apps?” We’ll dive into some details below, but the answer looks something like this - See more at: http://mobilelabsinc.com/strategic-private-cloud-when-and-why-infographic/#sthash.naPmoMKQ.dpuf
Technology is bridging our mind with reality in real-time. As a consequence we live in a world of complete interactivity and instant distribution, based on billions of jelly beans wired together to form a new association of consciousness........
Lezione di Paolo Mardegan, Dirigente di Neo Network al Corso di "Psicologia e Nuove Tecnologie della Comunicazione" dell'Università Cattolica di Milano.
Influence of acidic media on nickel based alloysHeanjia Alloys
The Monel alloy 400, nickel and Inconel alloy 600 rapidly used with the solutions of 3gm per litre or less available chlorine in irregular operations like in cyclic textile bleaching with hypochlorite solutions where the bleaching cyclic is followed by rinsing
Presentation on heterogenous catalyst development for production of biodiesel at a conference named ISCMRE'18 which was conducted at PIEAS from 16 October to 18 October of the year 2018.
Chromate Reduction By the Flow Method
A glass column (ht. 50 em, dia 2.5 em) was packed
with 25 g of granulated slag (2-4 mm) from a steel plant.
While packing, the same weight (25 g) of glass beads was ~
added to the slag to facilitate a convenient flow within
the column. Distilled water (20 ml) was then placed in
the column to s~bmerge the contents of the column. The
chromate solution of known concentration and acidity was
placed in a separatory funnel, and the chromate solution
was allowed to flow at a rate of 4.2-5.2 ml/min. The
first collection (20 ml) of the effluent which contained
mostly distilled water was rejected.
1. SMITH PRECIOUS METALS COMPANY
Preliminary Operating Instructions for
EURO GOLD® IBS DECORATIVE ACID GOLD PROCESS
The EURO GOLD® IBS series of acid gold processes is designed to meet the most stringent
requirements for nickeless gold plating, while maintaining the capability to produce corrosion
resistant deposits from 18 karat to 24 karat in color. Deposits produced from the EURO GOLD®
IBS are consistently bright, uniform, and can be plated over 100ì" in thickness.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DEPOSIT
Purity 97-99%
Deposit weight for 1 micron thickness 1.86 mg/cm2
12.0 mg/in2
Deposit weight for 2.5 micron thickness 4.65 mg/cm2
(100 microinches) 30.0 mg/in2
SOLUTION COMPOSITION
Nominal Range
Gold Content 0.5 oz/gal 0.20 - 1 oz/gal
(4 g/l) (1.6 - 8 g/l)
Alloy Content Varies with color requirements. Consult
Smith Precious Metals Company.
pH 4.0 3.8 - 4.7
Specific Gravity 12 baume' 10 - 25 baume'
SPMC revised 7/93
2. ELECTROLYTE OPERATING CONDITIONS
Nominal Range
Temperature 110F 90 - 130F
Cathode Current Density 10 ASF 1 - 40 ASF
Plating Rate 35 mg/AM 24 - 45 mg/AM
(6ì"/min.) (4 - 8ì"/min.)
Anode to Cathode Ratio 2 to 1 or higher
Agitation Uniform, vigorous solution agitation.
EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
Heaters Quartz, teflon, and titanium. Note: Use of
stainless steel may contaminate electrolyte with nickel.
Tanks Polypropylene, CPVC, Teflon, glass, unfilled
PVC, and plexiglass. Avoid materials or
equipment of epoxies, polyurethanes,
polyesters, and polycarbonates to prevent
electrolyte decomposition.
Rectifiers Sized sufficiently to produce the necessary
direct current, with less than 5% ripple.
Anodes Use platinized titanium or platinized niobium.
Note: Use of stainless steel anodes will cause
nickel contamination of the plating bath, and
subsequent failure of deposits to meet DMG swab
test for nickel free status.
Filtration Continuous filtration using 10ì Dynel or
Polypropylene filter tubes.
Bus Bars High grade stainless steel.
3. MATERIALS FOR SOLUTION CONTROL AND REPLENISHMENT
Gold content - EURO GOLD® IBS gold salts are sold as dry salts in 1, 5, and 10 troy ounce
containers. Gold replenishment should be made at the approximate rate of one troy ounce every
600 AM.
Alloy content - This is maintained by additions of EURO GOLD® IBS Brightener. This is sold
as a liquid and and is replenished at the rate of approximately 25 milliliters for every troy ounce of
gold added to the bath.
pH control - This is accomplished by using EURO GOLD® IBS Base salts to raise the pH and
EURO GOLD® IBS Acid Salts to lower the pH. Note: At no time should sulfuric acid or caustic
be used for pH adjustment.
Specific Gravity - The specific gravity is raised by the addition of EURO GOLD® IBS
Conducting Salts. These are a blend of salts formulated specifically for use in the EURO
GOLD® IBS process. A general rule of thumb is one pound of Conducting Salts will raise the
specific gravity of ten gallons of solution, one degree baume'.
® Registered trademark of Smith Precious Metals Company
SMITH PRECIOUS METALS COMPANY
131 Bellows Street
Warwick, Rhode Island 02888
Telephone (401) 467-5025
Fax (401) 461-1740