This document defines several terms related to animal behavior and summarizes the major types of behaviors exhibited by animals. It discusses instinct, habituation, conditioning, reinforcement, reasoning, and intelligence. The major types of behaviors covered include sexual, maternal, communicative, social, feeding, eliminative, and shelter-seeking. Examples are provided for each type of behavior.

2. TERMS TO KNOW
Instinct – (reflexes and responses) what the animal
has at birth. Ex. Nursing, searching for food.
Habituation – learning to respond without thinking,
response to certain stimulus is established as a result
of habituation.
Conditioning – learning to respond in a particular
way to a stimulus as a result of reinforcement when the
proper response is made.

3. TERMS TO KNOW
Reinforcement – a reward for making the proper
response.
Reasoning – the ability to respond correctly to a
stimulus the first time that a new situation is
presented.
Intelligence – the ability to learn to adjust
successfully to certain situations. Both short-term and
long-term memory are part of intelligence.

4. MAJOR TYPES OF ANIMAL
BEHAVIOR
Sexual
Maternal
Communicative
Social
Feeding
Eliminative
Shelter-
Seeking

5. SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
Useful in implementing breeding programs
Examples of Sexual Behavior
o Animals sexuality instinctive and simple response to the
right stimulation(sight,scent).
o Many animals species have specific mating or breeding
seasons.
o Some males animals dominate sexually by sheer force and
size.
o Sexual cannibalism

6. Bonobos
mating

8. Typical
muscovy duck
intercourse,the
male
immobilises the
female

9. Lessser
kestrel
mating

11. COMMUNICATIVE BEHAVIOR
When some type of information is exchanged
between individual and animals
Examples of Communicative Behavior
o Distress Calls – Lambs bleat, calves bawl, pigs
squeal,wolf howl and chicks chirp
o A cat marks to warn other animals to stay away
o Farm animals respond to calls or whistles of the
producer
o Bulls bellow deeply to communicate aggressive behavior

12. WOLF HOWLING

13. CAT MIAOW

14. GOLDFINCH
CHIRPING

15. PIGS SQUAELING

16. MATERNAL BEHAVIOR
Females taking care of newborn and
young animals
Examples of Maternal Behavior
o Mothers clean young by licking
them
o Mothers fight off intruders
o Become aggressive in protecting
they young after birth

18. A mother
animal
taking care
of her
child.

19. SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
Includes “fight or flight” and aggressive and passive
behaviors between animals
Includes interactions with other animals, humans and
behavior during handling and restraint
Examples of Social Behavior
o Animals living together
o Animals use pheromones to attract the opposite sex and in sex
recognition in many species.
o Many animals defend a territory
o Dominance hierarchy of animals.

20. Male
siberian
tigers
fighting
each other

21. Animals
living
together

23. FEEDING BEHAVIOR
Exhibited by animals when eating and drinking
(Ingestive Behavior)
oThe ability of animals to eat a variety of foods
o Some animals obtaining nutrients by eating
all of an organism.
o The animals obtaining nutrients by consuming
other organisms fluids.
o Some animals exhibit hoarding and catching
behavior in which they store or hide.

24. A mosquito
drinking
blood from
a human

25. A rosy boa
eating a
mouse
whole.

26. A red
kangaroo
eating
grass.

27. A frog
eating
insect

28. Black bears have learned
to choose minivans as
targets for raiding food!
(Nat. Geo)

30. ELIMINATIVE BEHAVIOR
Elimination of feces and urine
Examples of Eliminative Behavior
o Cattle, sheep, horses, goats and chickens eliminate feces &
urine indiscriminately
o Hogs eliminate feces in definite areas of a pasture or pen
o Cattle, sheep, goats and swine defecate while standing or
walking, urinate while standing, but not walking
o Cattle defecate 12-18 times/day, urinate 7-11 times/day
o Horses defecate 5-12 times/day, urinate 7-11 times/day
o Animals defecate & urinate more when stressed or excited
o Animals loose 3% of their live weight when transported to &
from market points (Shrink)

31. SHELTER-SEEKING BEHAVIOR
Examples of Shelter-Seeking Behavior
o Animals crowd together in snow and cold
winds
o Animals seek shelter of trees when it rain
o In extreme situations, animals pile up to the
extent that some get smothered

33. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING
MAY GOD BLESS US ALL
IMEE ALCAYDE AND GEMMA D.APA-AP