1. Presented By
Jannat Ara Anny
Sharmin Shaty
Nahin Mahfuz Seam
Under the supervision of Dr. salma sultan
MOUNTAIN
ECOSYSTEMS
2. Content
What is the ecosystem
Basic information about mountains
Importance of mountains
Threats for mountains ecosystems
Recommendations for saving mountains ecosystems
3. What is an Ecosystem
Ecosystem: is defined as any
community of living and non-living things
that work together.
4. Biotic factors are all of the living organisms within an
ecosystem.
For example :
1. plants
2. Animals
3. Fungi and
Other living things
5. Abiotc factors are all of the non-living things in an
ecosystem. Such as stones, rocks, sand, silt , flora and
fauna.
6.
7.
8. Why mountain ecosystem is
Important?
Mountains are home to one tenth of the
world’s population and cover 25 percent of
the earth’s land surface.
Half of World’s population depends on
mountain fresh water.
Fresh Air
Important as centers of biological diversity.
Energy
Traditional zoogeographic regions are
mountain ranges
Tourism
11. Highest Mountains on the continent
Himalaya in Asia
Highest peak Mount Everest 8850 meter
Caucasus Mountains in Europe
Highest peak Mount Elbrus 5633 meter
Kilimanjaro national park in Africa
Highest peak Kilimanjaro 5963 meter
Denali National Park and Preserve in North America
Highest peak Mount McKinley 6194 meter
Andes Mountain Range in South America
Highest peak Aconcagua 6959 meter
Mount Carstensz in Australia
Highest peak Puncak Jaya 4884 meter
Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctic Peninsula
Highest peak Vinson Massif 4897 meter
15. The mountains which are formed by the
blocks earth's crust or rock-bed developed by
the tensional forces and faulting are known
as Relict Mountains.
Aravail mountain range
In India
16.
17. Local Mountain Ecosystem
(Bangladesh)
In Bangladesh all hills are fold mountains
Chittagong Hill Tracks(CHT)-They are divided
into three districts: Khagrachari District, Rangamati
Hill District, and Bandarban District. It covers
13,295 sq.km area of southeastern part of
Bangladesh. Highest hill tajingdong 1310 meter.
Sylhet –low lying hill in the north western part of
Bangladesh. Mainly used for tea garden.
19. Climate change:
It is widely accepted that climate change is the
main factor behind the accelerated glacier retreat
observed in the Mountain.
20. agriculture land and for development
purposes, and the use of forests for timber,
food and fuel wood are some of the main
threats to biodiversity in this mountain
region.
21. who are among the world's
poorest and hungriest. they
use so much resource from
the mountain ecosystem.
22. Major causes degradation of
mountain ecosystem
Deforestation and habitat alteration
Downside tourism
The human activities
Agriculture
Infrastructures development
24. The UN General Assembly nominated 11
December,” from 2003 onwards, as
“International Mountain Day”.
25.
26. Chapter 13 of Agenda 21 on Sustainable
Mountain Development recognized that
mountain ecosystems are rapidly changing
and that the proper management of
mountain resources and socio-economic
development of the people affected deserved
immediate action.
27. The United Nations General Assembly
proclaimed 2002 as the InternationalYear of
Mountains with the main objective to increase
awareness of the importance of sustainable
mountain development
28. Presently government of
Bangladesh are trying to protect
mountain ecosystem:
Deploying environment police
Planting more tree
Create awareness
Stop cutting hill
Establishment of Bangladesh environment
protection Act, 1995
29. Recommendations for saving
mountain Ecosystem
Change people’s minds
Creating “Environmental Tax System”
Pro-environmental propaganda
Research and Monitoring
Establishment of special
Environmentally-friendly class at schools
30. Reference
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/02/0201_
020201_wiremountain_2.html
Data from UN Environmental Program
http://news.worldlifefoundation.com/ecosystem/mountains
.html
http://news.sustainablemountain.com/mountainecosystem
.html
Tottho batayon/ Chittagong hill tracts
http://fao.org/docrep/w9300e/w9300e03.html
http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgr
p11/tf11_ecosys.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
http://www.icimod.org/?q=16902