The document discusses computer languages, categorizing them into four generations and two types: low level (first and second generation) and high level (third and fourth generation). It explains the characteristics and complexities of these languages, as well as the roles of language processors such as compilers and interpreters that convert high level language into machine-readable binary code. Additionally, it mentions various networking devices like modems, routers, and servers.

1. Created by: Richa Pant
BBA (I st year)
Roll no: 35

2.  A Computer languages are the languages by which a
user command a computer. Just like human languages
computer’s also have certain languages which they
can understand. There are four generations of
computer language, first generation ,second
generation, third generation and fourth generation.
 Computer languages are of two types :-
 1: Low level language -:first & second generation
 2:High level languages-:Third generation

3.  It is also known as binary or machine language.
 These binary languages are mostly based on 0&1.
 These languages are quite difficult to understand.
 To develop a program in first generation language
 is complicated task.
 They are machine dependent language.
 They are also known as low level language (lll).
 The programs written on binary language used to
 executed very fast.

4.  These languages are also belong to the category of low level
language (lll).
 Second generation language were also known as assembly
language.
 The binary digits o&1 were replaced by some special symbol
known as Mnemonics eg:-sub = -, add=+,div=/,sav=save.
 This language is machine independent language.

5.  They are also known as high level language (h.l.l).
 In this the commands written are in simple English language.
 Third generation language were portable.
 As the commands written are in simple language so special
software were develop which are known as Language
processor.
 For example:-LOGO, PASCAL;
 COBOL,JAVA etc….

6.  As 3gl were based on certain syntax ,which a programmer
has to follow during developing a progran which is known as
procedural language.
 To overcome from this problem fourth generation language
were evolved.
 These programs were written in non-procedural way
 For example SQL, LIPS, PROLOG etc……

7.  They are system software they are used to translate high
level language into machine language and vice –versa.
 These language processor converts high level language into
computer understandable binary language(0&1).
 These language processor are of 3 types;-
 Compiler
 Interpreter
 Assembler

8.  It is a special type of software that converts high level
program into binary code.
 It transfer whole program into a single goal it means the
whole program will be converted into equivalent binary
language.
 Its speed of translation is quite high but the execution speed
is low.

9.  It use to convert high level language program into
equivalent binary code by translating whole
program line by line.
 Interpreter has slow speed of translation than
compiler.
 T he program execution time is interpreter is less
than compiler.

10.  It is also a language processor it converts the assembly
language programs into object code,
 They are required in low level languages which were machine
dependent.
 Today these assemblers are used to collect all component of
the program and send to the leader and linker.

11.  Modem :It is modulator and demodulator that is used to convert analog signal into digtal
signal and vice versa.
 Amplifier/Repeaters: It is used to boost up the weak signals.
 Routers: It is like traffic police that is used to direct the data that are transfer through
networks.
 Clint &servers: Clint are the computer that has more storage capacity and are more
powerful than other computer and server are the computer that are serve by clints .
 T here are some other networking devices:
 Bridge
 Cables
 Hubs etc…..