The document discusses computer programming languages, outlining their definition, classification, and functionalities. It elaborates on various types of programming languages, including low-level languages like machine and assembly languages, and high-level languages such as Java and C++. Additionally, the document describes the role of translators like assemblers, compilers, and interpreters in converting code between different programming languages and machine language.

1. Topic:- Computer
Programming Languages
Presented By:- Vahida Akhter
Assistant Professor
Computer Application
Govt. Degree College (Boys) Anantnag

2. Class:- B.C.A
Ist Semester
Topic:- Computer Programming languages

3. Computer Programming Language
 Computer:- Is an electronic machine.
 Program:- Program is a set of instructions or set of
statements.
 Language : -System of communication . Computer
language are used to facilitate communication
between computer and the user.

4. Programming Languages
Before learning any language ,it is important to
know about the various types of languages and
their features .
It is interesting to know what the basic
requirements of the programs where and what
difficulties they faced with the existing languages

5. Computer Programming
languages
 A programming language is an artificial
language that can be used to control the
behavior of a machine particularly a computer
.
 Programming Languages ,like human languages
are defined through the use of Syntactic and
Semantic rules, to determine structure and
meaning respectively.

6.  Programming language are used facilitate
communication about the task of organizing and manipulating
information ,and to express algorithms precisely.
 Through computer programming language we can create
computer software .
 Software :- Is a set of programs.
 Software are of two types:-
 Application software and system software.
 Application software:- like Ms-word , excel, PowerPoint
 System software:- Is operating system Like Ms-Dos ,
Unix, Linux ,Windows XP etc
 Operating system:-Manages all the resources of the
computer system Hardware and software.

7. Software
System Software
Application
Software
Language
Translation
Utility
programs
Operating
System
UNIX M/S
WINDOWS MAC
O/S etc
WORD
PROCESSING
SPREADSHEET
GRAPHICAL
GAMES
BUSSINESS
SOFTWARE
ASSEMBLER
COMPILERS
INTERPRETERS
FILE
MANAGEMENT,
I/O
MANAGEENT SYSTEM
UTULITIES

8. Computer
Programming
Language
Low Level Language
L.L.L
High Level Language
H.L.L
Machine Level
Language ( M.L.L)
Assembly Language Translators
Assembler Compiler Interpreter

9. Machine Language
 Computer can understand only machine level language
which are in binary digits (0,1).
 Writing a program in machine level language is difficult task
because it is not easy for programmers to write instructions
in binary code.
 Machine level language is error-prone and its maintenance is
very difficult.
 Machine languages are almost impossible for humans to use
they consist entirely of numbers ,while easily understood by
computers it is the lowest level computer language
 It is very difficult to develop a program in machine
language. Because the code is written binary numbers.

10. Assembly Language
 The difficulties in faced in machine level language
were reduced to some extent by using a modified
form of machine level language called assembly
language .
 In assembly language instructions are given in
English like words (Symbolic representation called
Mnemonics ) such as ADD ,SUB, COMP,MOV etc .So
it is easier to write and understand assembly
programs.
e . g A add B = C
 Assembly language programs must be translated
into machine language.

11.  The translator that is used for translating Assembly
to Machine Level language is called “Assembler”.
 In assembly language ,data is stored in computer
registers and each computer has different set of
registers.
 Thus the assembly language program is also not
portable .
 Since the low level languages are related with the
hardware.

12. High level language
 High level language are English like language .
 So it is easy to write and understand the programs
of high level languages.
 These languages are machine independent.
 While programming in a high level language , the
programmes is not concerned with the low level
details, and whole attention can be paid to the
logic of the program.

13.  For translating a H.L.L program into machine
Level language, compiler or translator is used .
 Every programming language has its own
compiler or translator.
 Example of H.L.L are
FORTRAN,COBAL,BASIC,PASCAL ,C, C++,Java V.B
etc.

14. Translators
 We know that computers can understand only machine
level language ,which is in binary form 1 or 0.
 The code written in any high-level languages should be
translated into machine level language and translators
are used for this purpose.
 These translators are just computer programs, which
accepts a program written in High Level or Low level
Language and produce an equivalent machine language
program as output.

15. Types of Translators
 There are three types of Translators:-
 Assembler .
 Compiler.
 Interpreter.

16. Assembler
 Assembler is a translator (program) used for
converting the code of low-level language
(Assembly language) into machine level language

17. Compiler
 Compiler is a translator used to convert the code of
High Level Language into machine language .The
high level language program is known as source
program and the corresponding machine language
program is known as object program.
 A compiler searches all the errors of program and
list them.
 If the program is error free then it converts the
code of program into machine code and the
program can be executed separate commands

18. Interpreter
 Interpreter and compiler performs the same task
,there is a difference in the working.
 An interpreter are also used to convert H.L.L. into
M.L Language.
 An interpreter is a translator it checks the errors of
program statement by statement (Line by Line).
After checking one statement it converts that
statement into machine code and then executes that
statement .

19.  This process continues until the last statement
of program or an erroneous statement occurs.

20. THANK YOU