1. The document discusses various lighting techniques used in television production such as key lighting, back lighting, fill lighting, and different types of lights like directional and diffused lights. 2. It describes how specific lighting setups can be used to achieve effects like flat lighting, continuous action lighting, large area lighting, cameo lighting, and silhouette lighting. 3. Challenges of lighting for outdoor television production are discussed along with solutions like using reflectors, neutral density filters, and auto iris modes on cameras.

1. Aims of Lighting Television
1. Provide TV camera adequate illumination
and can produce technically acceptable
picture.
2. To help the viewers to recognize how they
look like, and where they are in relation to
one another (create illusion of depth).
3. To establish a general feeling and mood of
the event.

2. Lighting Means
Control Light and Shadows.
To show the shape and texture of
face / object.
Suggest a particular environment.

3. Types of Light
Directional
Produce by spotlight / illuminates
relatively small area with a distinct
light beam.
Produce / well defined shadows.
Example – Sun on a cloudless day.

4. Diffused Lights
Illuminates relatively large area/
wide indistinct beam / produces by
flood lights / create soft/
Transparent shadows / cloudy day.

5. Basic Terminology in TV Lighting
Key Light
Apparent principal source of
directional illumination falling
upon a subject or an and / reveals
basic shapers / of an object.

6. The Back Light
Creates illumination from behind
the subject and opposite the
camera / distinguishes has
shadow of an object from the
background and emphasis the
object outline.

7. The Fill Light
Provides generally diffused
illumination to reduce shadows.

8. The Background Light (Set Light)
Used specifically to illuminate the
background or the set.

9. The Kicker Light
Directional illumination from the
back, one side of the subject
usually from low angle opposite
the key light.
It highlights and defines entire side
of a talent. Separating him or her
from background.

10. Key Light Notion
Broad midday sunlight top of head the
same way key light given from top /
left / right. To reveal basic shapes
must produce some shadows.
Light used – Fresnel spotlight
(medium spread) / even scoop /
Broad / Soft light / for special
purpose.

11. Back Light
To separate subject from
background / (Spot) it is given
opposite to camera.

12. Fill Light / Flood Light / Reflected
To slow down the fall off (means
make shadows less dominant and
transparent) / opposite side of the
camera from key light.

13. Specific Lighting Techniques
1. Flat Lighting
2. Continuous – action lighting
3. Large area lighting
4. Cameo lighting
5. Silhouette lighting
6. Chroma key lighting

14. Flat Lighting
Optional visibility with
minimum shadows.

15. Flood Light
1. It is quick
2. Flexible
3. Fix Lighting Possible News
Discussion.

16. Continuous Action Lighting
– Drama / Soap Opera
1. Prominent shadows.
2. Camera Dynamic.
3. Shooting with different angle.
4. So no fix key / feel / it changes.

17. Large Area Lighting
Audience Participation and
Orchestra.

18. Cameo Lighting
Drama against unlighted
background / black
background.
Concentrates on the talent / not
an environment.

19. Silhouette Lighting
Opposite of Cameo lighting,
Background is Lighted / Figure
unlighted

20. Chroma Key
Blue background / to provided a
variety of scenes / electronically
generated visuals replaced Blue
area equal intensity light.

21. ENG / EFP - Lighting
Limitation
Shooting in available light at night
time, require Partial or Complete
illumination by using lights.

22. Very short time for doing Lighting
on location.

23. Broad day sunlight / Some
standing in Shadow / some in
lighted area / white cloths.
(The digital recording system also
can face problems in such a
situation.)

24. Auto iris mode – faithfully read
bright light & dull light and close
its iris to optimal exposure / the
drastic reduction of light. Coming
in lense & darken equally all
objects Face Black / People in
Shadow black, etc. etc.

25. 1. Shoot a Person in a shadow
area.
2. Use a reflector to make shadows
more dominant and also give a
reflected light to the unlighten
face

26. 3. Use of a neutral density filter act
like sunglasses / reduce extreme
brightness.

27. The best solution for fast news
related shoot to put camera in auto
iris mode ND filter.

28. Cloudy day light is good for O / D
shooting in indoor light.

29. Various props / Bright windows
produce different intensity of light
Key / fill / Back – effect of triangle
lighting / Back light effect is a
must.