This presentation describes different characteristics in lighting and the features as well

1. Lighting

2. Lighting
http://photosecrets.com/studio-lighting-for-beginners
• Background: the background light gives light to
the entire room and the background.
• Spot light: the spotlight illuminates one spot. For
example if there was an apple in the middle of
the set and there was a spotlight in it that is
where everyone looks. Spotlights focus on one
spot.
• Soft boxes: it is a pair of white squares that has
a fabric that people can see through.
Photographers put it over lamps to so that the
subject has a soft, diffused and main light over
the subject.
• Umbrella: the umbrella light reflects a spot light.
This could be a flash light to put some bright light
on the subjects face to make it stand out more.
• Reflector: it reflects light into dark areas, for
example under the chin, and it can be handled
as well.
Halo LightingOverhead Light
Other forms of lighting

3. flash
Built-in & Pop-up Camera Flash
http://www.exposureguide.com/camera-flash-types.htm
Dedicated Camera Flash
Macro Ring light Camera Flash
Hammerhead Camera Flash
Fill-in Flash
Built in and mount flashes help
photographers take pictures in
low light environments that
photographers cannot take a
picture in if flash was not a
function on their camera, flash
can make photographs really
good or bad.
The further the camera is the weaker the flash has
effect on the subject. This means that people that
want to use flash have to be in a certain range to
use it. The ranges of using flash depends on what
kind of lens that is used for example telephoto
attachment and the wide-angle end attachment .

4. Exposurehttp://www.exposureguide.com/exposure.htm
Under exposure
Under exposer is when the photograph is too dark
Overexposure
means that a photograph is brighter than it should
be which mean that it is overexposed. This happens
when too much light is let in during exposure, the
result is an overly bright photograph.
Correctly expose
Is when an image is when the photograph is not too
bright but not too dark. This means that the shadows and
highlights are realistic. They are natural and comfortable
to look at. This photograph shows real life.

5. colour
 http://www.digital-photo-secrets.com/tip/2815/using-color-in-photography/
If people are taking a picture outside for example taking picture
of landscapes it will increase the colour , darken the blue sky,
remove reflections, and lighten haze—all things that will
improve your photos.
a camera’s white balance setting is to show light colour. the
Automatic White Balance setting on a camera will show the
colours accurately, but when it doesn’t people have to change
the whit balance on the camera.
Exposure
When there is an overly bright scene for example white snow
or a white sand beach on a sunny day. A camera will over
increase the whites and this will turn out light grey. To correct
this, you have to manually add exposure. You can manually
change it by slowing down the shutter speed or using the
next smaller number f-stop. Both of these techniques will add
the same amount of light.
Controlling Colour
To achieve a complimentary colour we have to is study the
colour wheel and choose colours opposite to the another.
For example, red purple is the compliment of yellow
green, and orange red is the compliment of blue green.
Complimentary

6. White balance
White balance is one of the most important setting of a digital camera. if a correct white balance setting is used on a
picture the correct colours will show but if it isn’t set correctly the different colours from the actual ones will show.
For this not to happen the white balance has to be set correctly
Auto – this setting helps in adjusting the white balance automatically depending on the
different lighting conditions, but you can try other modes to get better results.
Tungsten – This mode is used for light under a little bulb like tungsten, and it is often used
while shooting indoors. The tungsten setting is used for digital cameras it cools down the
colour temperature in photos.
Fluorescent – This mode is used for getting brighter and warmer shots while adjusting for
cool shade of fluorescent light.
Daylight – Many cameras do not have the Daylight mode because the picture is being taken
out side.
Cloudy – This mode is there for a cloudy day. This is because it warms up the subject and
surroundings and allows the camera to capture a better shots.
Flash –flash mode is used when there is not enough light to take a picture. This mode helps
pick the right White Balance under low light conditions.
Shade – A shaded location generally produces cooler or bluer pictures, this mood warms up
the surroundings while capturing shade.

7. Bibliography
 http://www.exposureguide.com/camera-flash-types.htm
• http://www.exposureguide.com/white-balance.htm
• http://www.exposureguide.com/exposure.htm
• http://digital-photography-school.com/9-lighting-types-to-harness-
improve-your-photography
• https://photographyicon.com/complementary/
• Google images
http://www.ricoh.com/r_dc/photostyle/knowledge/preparati
on/flash.html