This was presented at the workshop "Better Targeting Food Safety Investments in Low and Middle Income Countries," hosted by A4NH and LSHTM.

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Scaling up aflatoxin control in Nigeria:
The experience with public-private partnerships
Better Targeting Food Safety Investments in Low and Medium Income Countries
Brussels, 24 May 2017
Debo Akande IITA

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IITA’s work is focusing on:
➢ Providing evidence for aflatoxin (CoA 3.1)
➢ Aflatoxin mitigation (CoA 3.3)
➢ Development of aflasafe
➢ Strategies for managing aflatoxin
➢ Manufacturing and scaling up of aflatoxin management strategies.
Flagship 3
Flagship 3 under A4NH

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Aflatoxin Facts
P
• Highly toxic metabolite
produced by the ubiquitous
Aspergillus flavus fungus
• The fungus resides in soil and
crop debris, infects crops and
produces the toxin in the field
and in stores
• Death, liver cancer, immune-
suppression, stunted growth
• Impacts animal productivity
• Negatively impacts trade
• Fungus carried
from field to store
• Contamination
possible without
visible signs of the
fungus
Photo: Peter Cotty

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Multiple practices to Manage Aflatoxins
Planting Harvest Consumption

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Aflasafe: A unique product
• Attacks the problem at source – displaces
toxin producers
• Only commercial product that protects
crops from plot to plate
• Simple, cost-effective, safe, ecologically
friendly (green solution); Multi-crop
benefit
• Potentially helps to drastically reduce
aflatoxin and meet standards.
• Potentially:
• Increase access to market
• Open up premium food/feed market
• Revive export market
• Improve food safety: up to 184,000 life-years
saved
• Improve food security

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AgResults
Business
Development,
Coordination,
Linkages,
Facilitation, Quality
control, Capacity
Building
Ineffective
or poorly
enforced
regulation
Absence of
Premium
Market
Subsistence
FarmingInvisible
Nature of
Aflatoxin
Low
Awareness
onAflatoxin
FOOD AND FEED INDUSTRY
Public SectorActors
Private SectorActors
Solutions
1. Policy &Advocacy
2. Standardization/
Laboratory for
Certification
3. Inter-governmental
Panel on Aflatoxin
Solutions
1. National awareness
programs: NAFDAC &
You , NTA National View
2. Community
Awareness programs
3. Capacity Building
1. Testing
2. TrainingonAflatoxin
Management
3. Aflatoxin managementmanual
Solution
Solutions
1. Production for Market
2. Aggregation for quality
control
3. Access to Finance and
Credit
4. Training for Improved
productivity and
Agribusiness
5. Support in GAP for
Production
6. Access to quality inputs.
Solutions
1. Innovation platform
2. Market Segmentation
Multidimensional Approach and Actors in
Aflatoxin Mitigation in Nigeria
AgResults
Recruitment of
Actors
Business
Development
support
Coordination,
Linkages
Quality control
CapacityBuilding

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AgResults Pilot
The Nigeria AflasafeTM Pilot focuses on incentivizing the adoption of
AflasafeTM, by smallholder maize farmers.
AgResults is a USD $118 million multilateral initiative using pull mechanisms to
incentivize and reward high-impact agricultural innovations that promote global
food security, health, and nutrition and benefit smallholder farmers.

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Letter of
Agreement
Induction
and
Networking
Selection
Information
Sessions
Media
Advertisem
ent
Develop
invitation to
participate
Private Sector Actors
HOW?
Selection and Engagement

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Public Sector Actors
Why?
• Diversification
of the
Economy
• Public Health
Issue
• Food Safety
Issues
How?
Food Safety
Bill
Green
Alternatives
PACA
Inter-
Ministerial
Panel on
Aflatoxin
What?
• Stakeholders
Mapping
• Advisory
Council
Who?
• NAFDAC
• FMARD
• NEPC
• MAN
• IITA

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WHO?
Project Based
Organizations
e.g. CADP, Market II
Hybrid
e.g. Palm-valleyOrganically
evolved
Private
Companies
e.g. Agbelere,
Babban-gona
Private Implementing Actors
WHO?
High-end Food
Producers
e.g. Nestle
Poultry / Feed
Millers
e.g. Livestocks Feeds
Producers
Buyers

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Poultry Feeding Study
$3,200 net
profit from
10,000 birds
in 8 weeks
www.iita.orgMycored Europe, 28A member of CGIAR consortium
Aflasafe maize feed
Toxic maize feed
Agriculture for Nutrition & Health

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Drivers of Private Sector Interest
Drivers Understanding of Aflatoxin problem
Proven cost-effectiveness of Bio-control compared to toxin-binders
Profitability on the use of Bio-control
Growth of the Poultry Industry (Maize is a major ingredient in Feed
production)
Growth of the Middle-class with demand for nutritious food
SME’s becoming quality conscious
Quality control for registration of Food and Feed processing SMEs

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Identify Business
Model
•Develop Business
plan
Identify Market
Recruitment of
Farmers
Training of farmers
•distribution of
training reference
materials
Verification of
farmers
•Ex-Ante data
collection
Farmers grouping
Input Finance
Periodic monitoring
•planting, Aflasafe
application, sporulation
verification
Harvest &
Aggregation
•Harvest Buy-Back
Marketing
Private Sector Actors
HOW?
(Operational Model)

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Figure 1: Map showing National Distribution of Farmers
under each Implementer (2015/2016)

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Parameters 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Samples with <4 ppb AF (%) 99% 93% 95%
Samples with <10 ppb AF (%) 99% 96% 98%
samples with < 20 ppb AF (%) 99% 98% 99%
Samples with >70% aflasafe strains 85% 81% 97%
Average sale price over market rate 13% 17% 15%
Aggregated for sale in formal market 54% 41.7% 60.2%
Aflasafe sold at informal market 0% 38% 14.9%
Aflasafe maize kept for family 46% 20.3% 24.9%
Smallholder farmers have safer crops, improved income and better health
Benefits for Smallholder Farmers
Grain lots meet
international
standards
Farmers earn
higher income Better
health
Better
health

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Key statistics
0
100
200
300
400
2013 2014 2015
36
193
346
31 110
158
USD,Thousands
Market premium Project incentive
y = 7.1397x + 47.998
R² = 0.9689
y = -13.05ln(x) + 45.517
R² = 0.9993
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2013 2014 2015
Percentage
Market premium Project incentive
Business
sustainability
beyond project
implementation
67,041
302,644
503,709y = 218334x - 145536
R² = 0.9979
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
2013 2014 2015
USD
Total extra earning

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A member of CGIAR consortiumA member of CGIAR consortium May 30, 2017 www.iita.org
REGISTRATION OF NEW aflasafe PRODUCTS
The project will work with national partners to register aflasafe
products in 7 additional countries
AVAILABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF aflasafe PRODUCTS IN 11 COUNTRIES
(i) Develop and validate country-specific commercialization
strategy
(ii) Develop partnerships with specific government and private
entities interested in manufacturing and distributing aflasafe
(iii) Develop and execute technology transfer agreements
(iv) Provide technical support, monitor product quality control and
usage by farmers
DEVELOPMENT OF MARKETS FOR AFLATOXIN-SAFE PRODUCTS
The project will work to develop the demand for aflatoxin-safe
products at the end market in order to stimulate the uptake of the
aflasafe technology by farmers
AFLASAFE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND COMMERCIALIZATION
PROJECT (2016 – 2020)

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Sustainability
Long term
Business
opportunities
Premium
payment
Sustainability
Diversification of
the Economy
Association of
Agric-
Enterprises

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Take home
 Aflatoxin is a pubic health and food safety issues.
 Biocontrol is an effective solution to pre-Planting and post-
Harvests problem of Aflatoxin.
 Aflatoxin and Biocontrol dissemination in managing aflatoxin
have multifaceted challenges in Nigeria.
 AgResults provided the platform for dissemination and
adoption of the Biocontrol for aflatoxin management in Nigeria.
 Public and Private sectors actors created a sustainable
solutions.
 AgResults showed that the mechanism is sustainable beyond
the project implementation.

20. IITA
Tucson
USDA/ARS
IITA, USDA, & Doreo have Teamed up to Bring
Aflatoxin Prevention to Africa
Made Possible by Many National Partners in Ministries, Industry, and on the Farm
Nigeria
For more information about aflatoxin biocontrol for Africa, check out: www.aflasafe.com