This document provides guidance on handling biohazard spills. It discusses universal precautions which treat every spill as potentially infectious. Personal protective equipment like gloves and safety glasses are required for cleaning blood or bodily fluids. Proper cleanup involves 10 steps: preparation with signs and PPE, placing absorbent material, applying disinfectant, cleaning the spill, disposing of contaminated materials, disinfecting the area again, cleaning equipment, removing PPE, handwashing, and reporting the spill. Facilities must have an exposure control plan per OSHA to protect employees from bloodborne pathogens.
Blood spillage may occur because a laboratory sample breaks in the phlebotomy area or during transportation, or because there is excessive bleeding during
Collecting blood samples and other biological specimens is crucial to the understanding, prevention, and treatment of disease. However, from the patient’s perspective, it can also be painful, unnerving, frightening, and inconvenient.
Blood spillage may occur because a laboratory sample breaks in the phlebotomy area or during transportation, or because there is excessive bleeding during
Collecting blood samples and other biological specimens is crucial to the understanding, prevention, and treatment of disease. However, from the patient’s perspective, it can also be painful, unnerving, frightening, and inconvenient.
Educational presentation for medical laboratory technologists on safety handling for minor and major body fluid spills. In addition to a workshop to practice step by step the handling for biohazard spills.
Hand washing, also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning hands for the purpose of removing soil, dirt, and microorganisms. If water and soap is not available, hands can be cleaned with ash instead. Medical hand hygiene refers to hygiene practices related to medical procedures.
The nursing technique by which a patient with an infectious disease is prevented from infecting other people is called barrier nursing.Hand hygiene is the simplest, most effective measure for infection control.Contact Precautions
Airborne Precautions
Droplet Precautions
Three more elements have been added to standard precautions. They are:
4.1 Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette
4.2 Safe injection practices
4.3Use of masks for insertion of catheters or injection into spinal or epidural areas
Blood Specimen Collection and Processing
VENIPUNCTURE BUTTERFLY NEEDLE METHOD
Sites to draw blood
Order of Draw
Labelling the sample
Areas to Avoid When Choosing a Site for Blood Draw
Techniques to Prevent Hemolysis (which can interfere with many tests)
SAMPLE REJECTION
Blood Sample Handling and Processing
RBC ZINC TEST
HIV 1&2 WESTERN BLOT
Educational presentation for medical laboratory technologists on safety handling for minor and major body fluid spills. In addition to a workshop to practice step by step the handling for biohazard spills.
Hand washing, also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning hands for the purpose of removing soil, dirt, and microorganisms. If water and soap is not available, hands can be cleaned with ash instead. Medical hand hygiene refers to hygiene practices related to medical procedures.
The nursing technique by which a patient with an infectious disease is prevented from infecting other people is called barrier nursing.Hand hygiene is the simplest, most effective measure for infection control.Contact Precautions
Airborne Precautions
Droplet Precautions
Three more elements have been added to standard precautions. They are:
4.1 Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette
4.2 Safe injection practices
4.3Use of masks for insertion of catheters or injection into spinal or epidural areas
Blood Specimen Collection and Processing
VENIPUNCTURE BUTTERFLY NEEDLE METHOD
Sites to draw blood
Order of Draw
Labelling the sample
Areas to Avoid When Choosing a Site for Blood Draw
Techniques to Prevent Hemolysis (which can interfere with many tests)
SAMPLE REJECTION
Blood Sample Handling and Processing
RBC ZINC TEST
HIV 1&2 WESTERN BLOT
Medical students with the potential for workplace exposure to bloodborne pathogens (BBP), human blood, or bodily fluids should review this training prior to their preceptorship.
Infection is caused by pathogens ('bugs') such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa or fungi getting into or onto the body.
It can take some time before the microbes multiply enough to trigger symptoms of illness, which means an infected person may unwittingly be spreading the disease during this incubation period.
Infection control in the workplace aims to prevent pathogens from coming into contact with a person in the first place.
Employers are obliged under the Occupational Health and Safety Act (2004) to provide a safe workplace for their employees, including the provision of adequate infection control procedures and the right equipment and training.
Educational presentation for medical laboratory technologists on how to create a lean culture in their workplace to improve the healthcare service by minimizing waste and enhancing work effeciency. An example in this presentation is about minimizing patient's wait time in the laboratory reception area.
Effective communication skills presentation 1 amcWafa AlAhmed
Educational training for healthcare givers need to enhance soft skills, as well as, technical skills to communicate effeciently with their colleagues medical team, and customers. in addition, to improve the quality of the healthcare services.
1. Handling Biohazards Spills
Wafa Al-Ahmed
BSc, PgD, MLS(ASCP)cm
Senior Quality Assurance Officer
Arab Medical Center-Jordan
walahmad@amc-hospital.com
2. Quiz
1. Universal Precautions is a practice of responding to every spill as if it
contains blood or body fluids contaminated with blood borne pathogens.
True or False
2. Gloves and safety glasses are required when cleaning ANY blood or other
potentially infection material.
True or False
Select the appropriate answer for each question or
enter the answer in the blank provided.
3. Quiz
3. What colors are associated with the signs of the biohazard waste?
A. Yellow/Purple
B. Red/Orange
C. Blue/Green
D. White/Black
4. How many times do you apply a disinfectant to an area?
A. Once
B. Twice
C. Three Times
D. Four Times
4. Quiz
5. The final step after removing your gloves is to wash your hands.
True or False
6. An Exposure Control Plan is:
A. A written plan to eliminate or avoid employee exposure to blood borne
pathogens in the workplace.
B. A plan your facility has to have in place.
C. A plan to help prevent accidents in the work place.
D. All of the above.
5. What is OSHA?
OSHA stands for Occupational Safety and Health
Administration.
OSHA creates and enforces safety and health
regulations to ensure that employees work in
environments that are free from recognized
hazards.
6. Exposure Control Plan
Required when employees may be exposed to blood or other potentially
infectious materials.
This plan should include:
Determination of employee exposure
Implementation of methods of exposure control, including:
- Universal precautions
- Work practice control
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Housekeeping
Hepatitis B vaccination
Post-exposure evaluation & follow up
Communication of hazards to employees & training
Record keeping
Procedure for evaluating the exposure incident
7. Standard precautions
According to the Bloodborne Pathogens “Standard precautions" is an approach
to infection control.
The concept of Standard precautions, is that all human blood and body fluids
needs to be treated as if known to be infectious for HIV, HBV, and other
bloodborne pathogens." 29 CFR 1910.1030(b).
29 CFR 1910.1030(b)(1) requires that Standard precautions be observed to
prevent contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials.
This would include the handling of PPE that has become contaminated with
blood or other potentially infectious materials in medical facilities.
8. Steps to Proper Blood Spill Clean Up
1. Preparation & Safety
2. Place absorbent material on spill
3. Apply Disinfectant
4. Clean Up the Spill
5. Dispose of Contaminated Materials
6. Disinfect Spill Area Again
7. Clean the Equipment
8. Remove Personal Protective Equipment
9. Wash Your Hands
10. Report the Spill
* These steps have been created based on OSHA's recommendations for cleaning
up blood and bodily fluid spills.
10. Step 1 - Preparation & Safety
Place wet floor signs around the contaminated area first!
Notify people in the area
Remember that all spills should be assumed infectious,
so protect yourself (Standard Precautions)!
You will need:
Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
Laboratory coat, gloves and safety glasses are mandatory
Mask or face shield depends on the size of the spill and the
chance of splashing during clean-up
If there is any doubt, use all of the PPE available
Yellow trash bags to dispose of the debris appropriately.
sharps container for broken glass or needles.
Dustpan & brush
For minor spills on a countertop or floor you will need paper towels and
a hospital grade disinfectant.
For major spills on the floor you will need Klorsept powder.
11. Steps 2 & 3
Step 2 - Place absorbent material on the spill
“e.g. disposable paper towel”
Step 3 - Apply Disinfectant
For minor spills on a countertop or floor:
- Spray the disinfectant that is approved by Arabic Medical Center
- Allow sufficient contact time (15 min)
For major spills on the floor:
- Cover the spill with Klorsept granules.
- Allow sufficient contact time Wait for 2 – 3 min.
12. Step 4 & 5
Step 4-Clean Up the Spill
Pick up material, (broken glass- use forceps)
For minor spills on a countertop or floor:
Absorb the spill with a disposable paper towel
For major spills on the floor:
Remove the formed gel using dustpan & brush
Step 5-Dispose of Contaminated Materials
Dispose broken glass in biomedical waste sharp container
Dispose the paper towel in biohazard yellow bags
If there are any doubts as to how to dispose the items, ask a supervisor.
13. Step 6 - Disinfect Spill Area Again
Spray and wipe the area with the
disinfectant again.
14. Step 7 - Clean the Equipment
Be sure to disinfect the forceps,
sharp container sides if used to
clean up glass or sharp objects.
15. Step 8 - Remove Personal Protective Equipment
Remove contaminated PPE properly.
Dispose of contaminated PPE according to your facility’s Exposure Control Plan.
Always remove gloves LAST.
Wash your hands! This is extremely important!
17. Wash with plenty of friction (be sure to get
under your nails and your wrists)
18. Step 10 - Report the Spill
It is important that you report the spill to your supervisor.
Your supervisor will keep a log of the spills as part of your
facility’s Exposure Control Plan.
If you are exposed, act fast!
Wash or flush the exposed area immediately.
Notify your supervisor!
Fill out an incident report.
If you haven’t already done so, request the HBV
immunizations.
19. Quiz
1. Universal Precautions is a practice of responding to every spill as if it
contains blood or body fluids contaminated with blood borne pathogens.
True or False
2. Gloves and safety glasses are required when cleaning ANY blood or other
potentially infection material.
True or False
Select the appropriate answer for each question or
enter the answer in the blank provided.
20. Quiz
3. What colors are associated with the signs of the biohazard waste?
A. Yellow/Purple
B. Red/Orange
C. Blue/Green
D. White/Black
4. How many times do you apply a disinfectant to an area?
A. Once
B. Twice
C. Three Times
D. Four Times
21. Quiz
5. The final step after removing your gloves is to wash your hands.
True or False
6. An Exposure Control Plan is:
A. A written plan to eliminate or avoid employee exposure to blood borne
pathogens in the workplace.
B. A plan your facility has to have in place.
C. A plan to help prevent accidents in the work place.
D. All of the above.
22. Cleaning Up a Spill (Blood borne Pathogens)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uh0U3giZJx8