The document describes different types of compressors and their operation. It discusses piston compressors, screw compressors, vane compressors, lobe compressors, scroll compressors, vacuum pumps, and centrifugal compressors. For each type, it provides an overview of the operating principle, key parts, and common applications. The document is written in Spanish for a class on turbomachines at the Santiago Mariño Polytechnic University Institute in Venezuela.
PUMPAC is a manufacturer of air-driven double diaphragm pumps. They pride themselves on using advanced materials and engineering to design pumps that operate without lubrication or stalling. Their pumps can handle a wide range of fluids and particles. PUMPAC pumps have several advantages over competitors, including lubricant-free operation, self-priming ability, and the ability to run dry without damage. They offer a variety of pump models and materials to suit different applications.
Roth regenerative turbine chemical duty pumps provide continuous, high pressure pumping of non-lubricating and corrosive liquids. These regenerative turbine pumps are provided with one piece, machined self-centering impellers for operation with a wide variety of chemicals .
The document discusses hydraulic systems and air compressors. It aims to help students understand the components of a hydraulic system, how to test a motorcycle's hydraulic system, and understand air compressors. It provides information on the basic principles and components of hydraulic systems, including pumps, filters, relief valves, cylinders, actuators, and hoses/pipes. It also discusses types of hydraulic fluid and potential issues in hydraulic systems. For air compressors, it defines compressors, describes their construction and working principles, classifications, and applications of compressed air.
This document provides an overview of aircraft hydraulic systems. It discusses how hydraulic pumps convert mechanical power to hydraulic power, which is then used by actuating cylinders to provide mechanical actuation. The key components of hydraulic systems include reservoirs, filters, pumps, accumulators, relief valves, pressure regulators, and actuating cylinders. Hydraulic power allows for strong, responsive actuation and is well-suited for aircraft applications due to advantages like weight and reliability. Pressure regulated power systems are also summarized, which use a pressure regulator to control system pressure.
The document discusses piston pumps, including their basic components like the cylinder block and piston. It describes how piston pumps work and the principles behind fixed and variable displacement pumps. The remainder of the document outlines Eaton's various piston pump product lines for industrial and mobile applications, ranging from small fixed displacement pumps to large high-pressure variable pumps. It also discusses integrated motor pump units that combine an electric motor and pump.
Hydraulic system of an Aerospace vehiclesuhruth shyam
The document discusses the hydraulic system of an aerospace vehicle. It explains that a hydraulic system uses incompressible liquid under pressure to transmit energy. A hydraulic pump converts mechanical power to hydraulic power, which is then used by actuating cylinders to produce mechanical motion. Hydraulic systems are used in aircraft for functions like operating gun turrets, auto pilots, shock absorption, brakes, doors and landing gear. They offer advantages like being lighter weight, reliable, easily maintained, and capable of developing unlimited force.
This is complete description of Hydraulic Accessories used consisting
1.Hydraulic Reservoir or tank- construction, mountings, Design
2.Heaters & coolers- Types
3.Sealing- introduction, classification, each type with diagram, materials, seal selection factors,
4.Piping- intro, sizing of pipe, Pipe Schedules, Threads, Fittings, materials, connectors,
5. Hoses- materials, selection criteria,
6. Accumulators- types, information of each type with diagram,
7. Hydraulic fluids- properties, types
8. Filters- types, specifications, materials
I hope you find this useful.
please comment if have any questions and like this.
The document provides information about emission control systems, specifically exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems. It describes the purpose of EGR systems to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by recirculating a portion of exhaust gases into the intake manifold. This lowers combustion temperatures. It explains positive and negative backpressure EGR valves and computer-controlled EGR systems using solenoids. It also discusses EGR valve position sensors that provide feedback to the computer on valve operation.
PUMPAC is a manufacturer of air-driven double diaphragm pumps. They pride themselves on using advanced materials and engineering to design pumps that operate without lubrication or stalling. Their pumps can handle a wide range of fluids and particles. PUMPAC pumps have several advantages over competitors, including lubricant-free operation, self-priming ability, and the ability to run dry without damage. They offer a variety of pump models and materials to suit different applications.
Roth regenerative turbine chemical duty pumps provide continuous, high pressure pumping of non-lubricating and corrosive liquids. These regenerative turbine pumps are provided with one piece, machined self-centering impellers for operation with a wide variety of chemicals .
The document discusses hydraulic systems and air compressors. It aims to help students understand the components of a hydraulic system, how to test a motorcycle's hydraulic system, and understand air compressors. It provides information on the basic principles and components of hydraulic systems, including pumps, filters, relief valves, cylinders, actuators, and hoses/pipes. It also discusses types of hydraulic fluid and potential issues in hydraulic systems. For air compressors, it defines compressors, describes their construction and working principles, classifications, and applications of compressed air.
This document provides an overview of aircraft hydraulic systems. It discusses how hydraulic pumps convert mechanical power to hydraulic power, which is then used by actuating cylinders to provide mechanical actuation. The key components of hydraulic systems include reservoirs, filters, pumps, accumulators, relief valves, pressure regulators, and actuating cylinders. Hydraulic power allows for strong, responsive actuation and is well-suited for aircraft applications due to advantages like weight and reliability. Pressure regulated power systems are also summarized, which use a pressure regulator to control system pressure.
The document discusses piston pumps, including their basic components like the cylinder block and piston. It describes how piston pumps work and the principles behind fixed and variable displacement pumps. The remainder of the document outlines Eaton's various piston pump product lines for industrial and mobile applications, ranging from small fixed displacement pumps to large high-pressure variable pumps. It also discusses integrated motor pump units that combine an electric motor and pump.
Hydraulic system of an Aerospace vehiclesuhruth shyam
The document discusses the hydraulic system of an aerospace vehicle. It explains that a hydraulic system uses incompressible liquid under pressure to transmit energy. A hydraulic pump converts mechanical power to hydraulic power, which is then used by actuating cylinders to produce mechanical motion. Hydraulic systems are used in aircraft for functions like operating gun turrets, auto pilots, shock absorption, brakes, doors and landing gear. They offer advantages like being lighter weight, reliable, easily maintained, and capable of developing unlimited force.
This is complete description of Hydraulic Accessories used consisting
1.Hydraulic Reservoir or tank- construction, mountings, Design
2.Heaters & coolers- Types
3.Sealing- introduction, classification, each type with diagram, materials, seal selection factors,
4.Piping- intro, sizing of pipe, Pipe Schedules, Threads, Fittings, materials, connectors,
5. Hoses- materials, selection criteria,
6. Accumulators- types, information of each type with diagram,
7. Hydraulic fluids- properties, types
8. Filters- types, specifications, materials
I hope you find this useful.
please comment if have any questions and like this.
The document provides information about emission control systems, specifically exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems. It describes the purpose of EGR systems to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by recirculating a portion of exhaust gases into the intake manifold. This lowers combustion temperatures. It explains positive and negative backpressure EGR valves and computer-controlled EGR systems using solenoids. It also discusses EGR valve position sensors that provide feedback to the computer on valve operation.
Pumps require various components for proper operation and safety. Strainer filters are installed on the suction side to prevent debris from fouling pumps. Isolating valves on the suction and discharge sides allow pumps to be safely isolated for maintenance. Positive displacement pumps always require a relief valve on the discharge side to prevent over-pressurization if the discharge is shut, while centrifugal pumps may require a priming pump to remove air if using a negative suction lift. Fire pumps on ships must have non-return valves if centrifugal and a relief valve is essential for positive displacement fire pumps to regulate pressure.
1. This document provides maintenance guidelines for reciprocating ammonia feed pumps, including maintenance for tandem valves, plunger packing, and crank cases.
2. Tandem valve maintenance should be performed every 4 months and includes cleaning, lubricating, and replacing O-rings.
3. Plunger packing should be checked regularly and replaced every 2-2.5 years depending on quality. Packing outlet ammonia content should be monitored and packing tightened if over 12%.
4. Crank case maintenance includes checking for water, oil leaks, excessive heat, and measuring clearance of the overload protection switch.
Pumps are mechanical devices that use kinetic energy to move fluids by decreasing pressure in the pump's suction and increasing pressure in the discharge. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps which move a fixed volume of fluid with each cycle, and centrifugal pumps which use an impeller to accelerate fluid and increase pressure. Common industrial pumps include centrifugal pumps like axial flow, mixed flow, and vertical turbine pumps as well as positive displacement pumps like reciprocating, screw, and gear pumps. Pumps have components like a casing, impeller, shaft, and seals and are classified according to their method of moving fluid.
It is a system where liquid under pressure is used to transmit this energy. Hydraulics systems take engine power and converts it to hydraulic power by means of a hydraulic pump. This power can be distributed throughout the airplane by means of tubing that runs through the aircraft. Hydraulic power may be reconverted to mechanical power by means of an actuating cylinder, or turbine.
This document provides an overview of radial piston pumps. It defines a radial piston pump as a type of hydraulic pump where the working pistons extend radially from a central drive shaft. The document discusses the construction, working, properties, advantages, and applications of radial piston pumps. It notes that radial piston pumps can produce smooth flow under extreme pressure and are commonly used in machine tools, hydraulic systems, and the automotive industry.
Positive displacement pumps displace a fixed volume of fluid with each cycle or rotation. They are capable of developing high pressures at low suction pressures, unlike centrifugal pumps whose capacity is affected by outlet pressure. There are two main types of positive displacement pumps: rotary pumps which displace a fixed volume per revolution using components like gears or screws; and reciprocating pumps which use pistons or diaphragms moving back and forth in a cylinder. Reciprocating pumps are generally more efficient and suitable for high-pressure, low-volume applications while rotary pumps have lower fuel consumption and noise. Both have advantages for different industrial uses.
This document discusses hydraulic cushions used to slow the movement of pistons near the end of their stroke in cylinders. It describes how cushions work by restricting oil flow through an adjustable opening to decelerate the piston. Ideal cushioning is defined as stopping the piston's velocity exactly at the end of its stroke with minimal noise and vibration. This can be achieved by properly adjusting the cushioning screw to maximize kinetic energy absorption. The document provides tips on correcting overdamping and underdamping, and outlines design considerations like piston velocity and mass ratios to achieve ideal cushioning.
Automatic unloading system cargo pumping systemsNarendra Katdare
This document describes an Automatic Unloading System (AUS) that improves the efficiency of stripping work by automating most of the stripping process using a cargo oil pump. The AUS uses a separator to separate gas from pumped cargo oil and vapor, and uses a vacuum pump to extract the separated gas. It also uses a discharge control valve connected to a level transmitter to monitor the liquid level in the separator and adjust the discharge valve opening to prevent gas from being sucked into the pump as the liquid level drops, which would stop pumping. This allows stripping to be completed using just the large capacity cargo pump instead of smaller reciprocating strip pumps.
Steam ejector working principle
An ejector is a device used to suck the gas or vapour from the desired vessel or system. An ejector is similar to an of vacuum pump or compressor. The major difference between the ejector and the vacuum pump or compressor is it had no moving parts. Hence it is relatively low-cost and easy to operate and maintenance free equipment.
This document discusses hydraulic accumulators. It defines an accumulator as an energy storage device that uses an external force like a spring or compressed gas to apply pressure to a non-compressible fluid. It then describes the main types of accumulators - dead weight, spring loaded, and compressed gas. Compressed gas accumulators are further broken down into bladder, diaphragm, piston, and metal bellow types. The document also covers the functions of accumulators in applications and considerations for accumulator sizing and selection.
Introduction, classification, principle of working and constructional details of vane pumps, gear pumps, radial and axial plunger pumps, screw pumps, power and efficiency calculations, characteristics curves, selection of pumps for hydraulic Power transmission.
This PowerPoint shows an introduction to positive displacement compressors. You will have a brief introduction about the operating principles of reciprocating compressors, the different types of rotary compressors, and techniques for controlling compressor output most important variables.You will learn as well the construction, principal parts, and operation of reciprocating compressors
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor.
It is Allah who controls the seas so that ships may sail upon them and people benefit from His bounties and be grateful. There are two main types of pumps - positive displacement pumps and non-positive displacement (dynamic) pumps such as centrifugal pumps. Centrifugal pumps come in various configurations like vertical pumps with two stages for higher discharge used as fire pumps, and vertical pumps with double suction and single discharge for lower discharge used as ballast pumps.
This document discusses hydraulic pumps used in industry. It begins by listing learning objectives related to classifying pumps, explaining their workings, and evaluating performance. It then defines the functions of pumps in converting mechanical to hydraulic energy. Pumps are classified as positive displacement or non-positive displacement, based on constant/variable delivery, and rotary/reciprocating motion. Key differences between these types are outlined. Specific pump types like gear, vane and piston are described in more detail regarding their construction, advantages, and uses.
Pumps are used to deliver hydraulic fluid throughout a hydraulic circuit. There are two main types of pumps - positive displacement pumps and non-positive displacement pumps. Positive displacement pumps precisely regulate fluid output with each cycle, while non-positive displacement pumps like centrifugal pumps rely on fluid velocity to move fluid and output varies with pressure. Common positive displacement pump designs include gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps which use rotating gears, vanes, or pistons to draw fluid in and push it out in fixed volumes. Selection of the appropriate pump type depends on factors like operating pressure, flow requirements, drive type, and tolerance to contamination.
Pumps are machines that use mechanical action to move fluids by increasing pressure or lifting them against gravity. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps work by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it into the discharge pipe with a piston, plunger, gears, lobes or diaphragm. Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal force from an impeller to accelerate and direct fluid outwards into a discharge pipe. Proper maintenance is important for pump efficiency and performance.
This document discusses pumps, including their function, principle of operation, types, selection criteria, and engineering design process. The main types of pumps covered are centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps. Key factors in pump selection include the nature of the fluid being pumped, system requirements, environmental conditions, and cost. Pump performance is characterized using curves showing head, flow rate, and efficiency. Proper pump sizing and installation are important to avoid issues like cavitation.
The document discusses various accessories used in hydraulic systems including power units, reservoirs, and accumulators. It provides details on the components and functions of each accessory. Power units supply energy and fluid flow for the system. Reservoirs store and filter fluid, settling contaminants. Accumulators store potential energy from compressed gas or springs to meet peak energy demands the prime mover cannot.
Pumps are mechanical devices that use prime mover energy to move fluids from one place to another. Positive displacement pumps apply pressure directly to the liquid using reciprocating or rotating components. The main types of positive displacement pumps are reciprocating pumps like piston pumps and diaphragm pumps, and rotary pumps like gear pumps. Reciprocating piston pumps use oscillating pistons to move fluid, and can be single or multi-cylinder designs. Axial and radial piston pumps use rotating cylinders to pump fluid. Diaphragm pumps use a reciprocating rubber diaphragm and check valves to pump fluid on each stroke. Positive displacement pumps are suitable for high-pressure applications and handling viscous or abrasive fluids.
Compressors are mechanical devices that compress gases. There are two main types: dynamic compressors like centrifugal and axial compressors that use rotating impellers to add velocity and pressure to gases, and positive displacement compressors like reciprocating and screw compressors that use trapped volumes of gas to increase pressure. Compressors have many applications including air conditioning, refrigeration, manufacturing, and more. The document discusses the working principles, components, advantages, and disadvantages of these different compressor types.
This document provides information about industrial air compressors. It discusses the key differences between pumps and compressors, with compressors being able to compress gases by decreasing their volume and increasing pressure. Compressed air is widely used in industrial processes due to properties like its elastic nature and non-toxicity. The document then describes the working principles of positive displacement and dynamic compressors. It provides details on types of positive displacement compressors like reciprocating, screw, and vane compressors. Reciprocating compressors are explained in depth, covering components like cylinders, pistons, crankshafts and valves.
Pumps require various components for proper operation and safety. Strainer filters are installed on the suction side to prevent debris from fouling pumps. Isolating valves on the suction and discharge sides allow pumps to be safely isolated for maintenance. Positive displacement pumps always require a relief valve on the discharge side to prevent over-pressurization if the discharge is shut, while centrifugal pumps may require a priming pump to remove air if using a negative suction lift. Fire pumps on ships must have non-return valves if centrifugal and a relief valve is essential for positive displacement fire pumps to regulate pressure.
1. This document provides maintenance guidelines for reciprocating ammonia feed pumps, including maintenance for tandem valves, plunger packing, and crank cases.
2. Tandem valve maintenance should be performed every 4 months and includes cleaning, lubricating, and replacing O-rings.
3. Plunger packing should be checked regularly and replaced every 2-2.5 years depending on quality. Packing outlet ammonia content should be monitored and packing tightened if over 12%.
4. Crank case maintenance includes checking for water, oil leaks, excessive heat, and measuring clearance of the overload protection switch.
Pumps are mechanical devices that use kinetic energy to move fluids by decreasing pressure in the pump's suction and increasing pressure in the discharge. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps which move a fixed volume of fluid with each cycle, and centrifugal pumps which use an impeller to accelerate fluid and increase pressure. Common industrial pumps include centrifugal pumps like axial flow, mixed flow, and vertical turbine pumps as well as positive displacement pumps like reciprocating, screw, and gear pumps. Pumps have components like a casing, impeller, shaft, and seals and are classified according to their method of moving fluid.
It is a system where liquid under pressure is used to transmit this energy. Hydraulics systems take engine power and converts it to hydraulic power by means of a hydraulic pump. This power can be distributed throughout the airplane by means of tubing that runs through the aircraft. Hydraulic power may be reconverted to mechanical power by means of an actuating cylinder, or turbine.
This document provides an overview of radial piston pumps. It defines a radial piston pump as a type of hydraulic pump where the working pistons extend radially from a central drive shaft. The document discusses the construction, working, properties, advantages, and applications of radial piston pumps. It notes that radial piston pumps can produce smooth flow under extreme pressure and are commonly used in machine tools, hydraulic systems, and the automotive industry.
Positive displacement pumps displace a fixed volume of fluid with each cycle or rotation. They are capable of developing high pressures at low suction pressures, unlike centrifugal pumps whose capacity is affected by outlet pressure. There are two main types of positive displacement pumps: rotary pumps which displace a fixed volume per revolution using components like gears or screws; and reciprocating pumps which use pistons or diaphragms moving back and forth in a cylinder. Reciprocating pumps are generally more efficient and suitable for high-pressure, low-volume applications while rotary pumps have lower fuel consumption and noise. Both have advantages for different industrial uses.
This document discusses hydraulic cushions used to slow the movement of pistons near the end of their stroke in cylinders. It describes how cushions work by restricting oil flow through an adjustable opening to decelerate the piston. Ideal cushioning is defined as stopping the piston's velocity exactly at the end of its stroke with minimal noise and vibration. This can be achieved by properly adjusting the cushioning screw to maximize kinetic energy absorption. The document provides tips on correcting overdamping and underdamping, and outlines design considerations like piston velocity and mass ratios to achieve ideal cushioning.
Automatic unloading system cargo pumping systemsNarendra Katdare
This document describes an Automatic Unloading System (AUS) that improves the efficiency of stripping work by automating most of the stripping process using a cargo oil pump. The AUS uses a separator to separate gas from pumped cargo oil and vapor, and uses a vacuum pump to extract the separated gas. It also uses a discharge control valve connected to a level transmitter to monitor the liquid level in the separator and adjust the discharge valve opening to prevent gas from being sucked into the pump as the liquid level drops, which would stop pumping. This allows stripping to be completed using just the large capacity cargo pump instead of smaller reciprocating strip pumps.
Steam ejector working principle
An ejector is a device used to suck the gas or vapour from the desired vessel or system. An ejector is similar to an of vacuum pump or compressor. The major difference between the ejector and the vacuum pump or compressor is it had no moving parts. Hence it is relatively low-cost and easy to operate and maintenance free equipment.
This document discusses hydraulic accumulators. It defines an accumulator as an energy storage device that uses an external force like a spring or compressed gas to apply pressure to a non-compressible fluid. It then describes the main types of accumulators - dead weight, spring loaded, and compressed gas. Compressed gas accumulators are further broken down into bladder, diaphragm, piston, and metal bellow types. The document also covers the functions of accumulators in applications and considerations for accumulator sizing and selection.
Introduction, classification, principle of working and constructional details of vane pumps, gear pumps, radial and axial plunger pumps, screw pumps, power and efficiency calculations, characteristics curves, selection of pumps for hydraulic Power transmission.
This PowerPoint shows an introduction to positive displacement compressors. You will have a brief introduction about the operating principles of reciprocating compressors, the different types of rotary compressors, and techniques for controlling compressor output most important variables.You will learn as well the construction, principal parts, and operation of reciprocating compressors
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor.
It is Allah who controls the seas so that ships may sail upon them and people benefit from His bounties and be grateful. There are two main types of pumps - positive displacement pumps and non-positive displacement (dynamic) pumps such as centrifugal pumps. Centrifugal pumps come in various configurations like vertical pumps with two stages for higher discharge used as fire pumps, and vertical pumps with double suction and single discharge for lower discharge used as ballast pumps.
This document discusses hydraulic pumps used in industry. It begins by listing learning objectives related to classifying pumps, explaining their workings, and evaluating performance. It then defines the functions of pumps in converting mechanical to hydraulic energy. Pumps are classified as positive displacement or non-positive displacement, based on constant/variable delivery, and rotary/reciprocating motion. Key differences between these types are outlined. Specific pump types like gear, vane and piston are described in more detail regarding their construction, advantages, and uses.
Pumps are used to deliver hydraulic fluid throughout a hydraulic circuit. There are two main types of pumps - positive displacement pumps and non-positive displacement pumps. Positive displacement pumps precisely regulate fluid output with each cycle, while non-positive displacement pumps like centrifugal pumps rely on fluid velocity to move fluid and output varies with pressure. Common positive displacement pump designs include gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps which use rotating gears, vanes, or pistons to draw fluid in and push it out in fixed volumes. Selection of the appropriate pump type depends on factors like operating pressure, flow requirements, drive type, and tolerance to contamination.
Pumps are machines that use mechanical action to move fluids by increasing pressure or lifting them against gravity. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps work by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it into the discharge pipe with a piston, plunger, gears, lobes or diaphragm. Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal force from an impeller to accelerate and direct fluid outwards into a discharge pipe. Proper maintenance is important for pump efficiency and performance.
This document discusses pumps, including their function, principle of operation, types, selection criteria, and engineering design process. The main types of pumps covered are centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps. Key factors in pump selection include the nature of the fluid being pumped, system requirements, environmental conditions, and cost. Pump performance is characterized using curves showing head, flow rate, and efficiency. Proper pump sizing and installation are important to avoid issues like cavitation.
The document discusses various accessories used in hydraulic systems including power units, reservoirs, and accumulators. It provides details on the components and functions of each accessory. Power units supply energy and fluid flow for the system. Reservoirs store and filter fluid, settling contaminants. Accumulators store potential energy from compressed gas or springs to meet peak energy demands the prime mover cannot.
Pumps are mechanical devices that use prime mover energy to move fluids from one place to another. Positive displacement pumps apply pressure directly to the liquid using reciprocating or rotating components. The main types of positive displacement pumps are reciprocating pumps like piston pumps and diaphragm pumps, and rotary pumps like gear pumps. Reciprocating piston pumps use oscillating pistons to move fluid, and can be single or multi-cylinder designs. Axial and radial piston pumps use rotating cylinders to pump fluid. Diaphragm pumps use a reciprocating rubber diaphragm and check valves to pump fluid on each stroke. Positive displacement pumps are suitable for high-pressure applications and handling viscous or abrasive fluids.
Compressors are mechanical devices that compress gases. There are two main types: dynamic compressors like centrifugal and axial compressors that use rotating impellers to add velocity and pressure to gases, and positive displacement compressors like reciprocating and screw compressors that use trapped volumes of gas to increase pressure. Compressors have many applications including air conditioning, refrigeration, manufacturing, and more. The document discusses the working principles, components, advantages, and disadvantages of these different compressor types.
This document provides information about industrial air compressors. It discusses the key differences between pumps and compressors, with compressors being able to compress gases by decreasing their volume and increasing pressure. Compressed air is widely used in industrial processes due to properties like its elastic nature and non-toxicity. The document then describes the working principles of positive displacement and dynamic compressors. It provides details on types of positive displacement compressors like reciprocating, screw, and vane compressors. Reciprocating compressors are explained in depth, covering components like cylinders, pistons, crankshafts and valves.
An air compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of air by reducing its volume. It uses either positive displacement or dynamic compression methods. Positive displacement compressors like reciprocating compressors increase pressure by reducing the air volume in an enclosed chamber. Reciprocating compressors are commonly used in pneumatic applications. They consist of pistons moving inside cylinders to draw in, compress, and discharge air. Multi-stage compressors are needed to achieve higher pressures over 35 kg/cm^2. Selection of an air compressor depends on the required pressure, air flow rates, cylinder geometry, piston speed, and layout of the pneumatic system.
An air compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of air by reducing its volume. It uses either positive displacement or dynamic compression methods. Positive displacement compressors like reciprocating compressors increase pressure by reducing the air volume in an enclosed chamber. Reciprocating compressors are commonly used in pneumatic applications. They consist of pistons moving inside cylinders to draw in, compress, and discharge air. Multi-stage compressors are needed to achieve higher pressures over 35 kg/cm^2. Proper selection of an air compressor depends on the required pressure, flow rates, cylinder geometry, piston speed, and layout of the pneumatic system.
This document discusses air compressors and pneumatic systems. It describes how air compressors work by reducing the volume of air and increasing pressure using positive displacement or dynamic compression methods. Reciprocating air compressors are described as the most common type, using pistons in single or multiple stages to compress air. Other compressor types like rotary vane, centrifugal, and screw compressors are also summarized. Key factors for selecting a suitable air compressor like pressure, flow rates, cylinder geometry and layout are outlined.
chapter-no-3-air-compressors.ppt for electricbasant11731
An air compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of air by reducing its volume. It is used in various pneumatic applications like powering tools, operating cranes and brakes, spraying in agriculture, and conveying materials. There are two main types - positive displacement compressors that reduce air volume in an enclosed chamber, and dynamic compressors that impart energy to air flowing through a rotor. Reciprocating compressors are commonly used positive displacement compressors that operate a piston inside a cylinder to compress air in one or multiple stages to higher pressures. Selection of an air compressor depends on the required pressure, air flow rates, cylinder geometry and size, and layout of the pneumatic system.
The document discusses air compressors and pneumatic systems. It describes how air compressors work by reducing the volume of air and increasing pressure using positive displacement or dynamic mechanisms. Common types of air compressors include reciprocating, rotary screw, and centrifugal compressors. Reciprocating compressors use pistons in cylinders to compress air in single or multiple stages to achieve higher pressures. Selection of an air compressor depends on required pressure, air flow rates, cylinder geometry and piston speed. Compressed air finds applications in powering pneumatic tools and equipment.
Compressor and types of compressors (Thermodynamics)Hasnain Yaseen
This document provides information about different types of compressors used in thermodynamics. It discusses dynamic compressors like centrifugal and axial compressors. It also discusses positive displacement compressors like rotary, reciprocating, and scroll compressors. It describes the working principles, applications, and types of each compressor in 1-3 sentences per section. The document is an assignment on compressors for a thermodynamics lab class. It includes sections on centrifugal compressors, axial compressors, rotary compressors like screw and vane compressors, reciprocating compressors, and multi-stage centrifugal compressors.
There are several main types of air compressors. Reciprocating compressors use pistons moving up and down to compress air. Rotary screw compressors use two rotating screws to compress air. Rotary scroll compressors use an orbiting scroll to compress air with fewer moving parts than rotary screw compressors. Rotary vane compressors use rotating vanes inside a chamber to compress air. Centrifugal compressors use an impeller to increase air velocity and pressure. Rocking piston compressors use a reciprocating piston and connecting rod to compress air. Compressors also differ based on their lubrication method and drive type.
The document discusses various types of compressors used to raise the pressure of gases. It describes reciprocating compressors, which use pistons to compress gases, and rotary compressors like screw compressors that rotate to continuously compress gases. It also discusses dynamic compressors like centrifugal compressors that speed up gases to convert velocity energy to pressure energy. The document provides details on compressor components, working principles, performance parameters, selection criteria and efficiency definitions.
A gas compressor increases gas pressure by reducing its volume. There are several types of gas compressors including centrifugal, axial-flow, reciprocating, rotary screw, scroll, and diaphragm compressors. Each type uses different mechanisms and is suited to different applications based on factors like required pressure, flow rate, size, and efficiency. Centrifugal compressors use a rapidly spinning impeller to accelerate gas and increase pressure.
This document provides information about Group No. 2's project on air compressors. It discusses various types of compressors including reciprocating, rotary vane, screw, and centrifugal compressors. It describes the working principles, classifications, advantages and disadvantages of different compressors. It also covers topics like compressor efficiency, multi-stage compression, selection of compressors, and industrial applications of compressed air.
Theory and application of reciprocating compressor m 3030EDUARDO RODRIGUEZ
This document provides an overview and summary of a course on reciprocating compressors from PDHengineer.com. It describes the course text that reviews the theory and application of reciprocating compressors. It provides information on how to purchase the course and access course materials through the website. It also provides contact information for any questions.
Download Link (Copy URL):
https://sites.google.com/view/varunpratapsingh/teaching-engagements
Syllabus:
Compressed Air Systems: Types of air compressors, compressor efficiency, efficient compressor operation, compressed air systems components, capacity assessment, and leakage test, factors affecting the performance and energy savings opportunities.
Pneumatic systems use compressed air to transmit and control energy. They are commonly used to control things like train doors and production lines. The document discusses the main components of pneumatic systems including compressors, filters, regulators, cylinders, valves and more. It covers the advantages like durability, safety and adaptability to harsh environments, as well as disadvantages like lower accuracy and load capacity compared to other systems. Pneumatic components work together to produce, transport, and use compressed air to generate motion or other effects.
Compressors increase air pressure by reducing volume. There are positive displacement compressors, which use mechanical linkages to reduce volume, and rotary compressors, which use rotating parts like screws or vanes. Reciprocating compressors are positive displacement types that use pistons in cylinders and are suitable for high pressures but require multiple machines. Screw compressors use intermeshing rotors to compress air into a continuous flow and are used for large industrial applications. Centrifugal compressors use impellers to accelerate air and convert velocity to pressure.
Compressors complete description and a well arranged slides for the topic. That's too the point and relevant slide share you are looking for! Hope you will find it easy to understand
Thank you!
What Is the Basic Working Principle of an Air Compressor.docxcemenntcompressor
The basic working principle of an air compressor revolves around converting power into potential energy stored as compressed air. This process involves drawing in ambient air, compressing it to a higher pressure, and then compressing it for various applications.
Similar to Presentacion de turbomaquinas compresores. josé daniel ivimas. 28.272.798 (20)
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
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Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
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This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Presentacion de turbomaquinas compresores. josé daniel ivimas. 28.272.798
1. REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PA RA LA EDUCIÓN
INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO POLITECNICO SANTIAGO MARIÑO
ELECTIVA V. TURBOMAQUINAS
ACTIVIDAD 2.20%. COMPRESORES
Profesor: Ing. Jaime Zerpa Estudiante: Ivimas Jose Daniel 28.272.798
Barcelona 26 de Noviembre de 2021
2. ¿ Ques es el compresor ?
Un compresor es una máquina, cuyo trabajo consiste en incrementar la
presión de un fluido. Al contrario que otro tipo de máquinas, el compresor
eleva la presión de fluidos compresibles como el aire y todo tipo de gases.
FUNCIONAMIENTO
Su funcionamiento consiste en realizar cambios de energía entre la máquina y
el fluido, donde el trabajo que ejerce el compresor es transferido al fluido que
pasa por él convirtiéndose en energía cinética de flujo. En este proceso, la
energía cinética se transfiere al fluido desde el punto denominado aspiración
o más comúnmente llamado succión aumentando la presión a través de la
máquina que impulsa al fluido a salir por el punto denominado descarga.
Para efectuar este proceso de elevación de presión, el compresor utiliza
distintos principios físicos, donde los más importantes son los accionamientos
por movimiento de desplazamiento positivo de pistones y movimiento
rotacional con velocidades angulares desde las más moderadas hasta las más
altas (20.000 rpm).
Por lo anterior se define entonces para el proceso de funcionamiento del
compresor, una Presión de succión, una Presión de descarga y un diferencial
de Presión a través del compresor el cual debe ser mantenido dentro de un
rango seguro para la correcta operación del compresor.
3. COMPRESOR DE PISTON
PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO
En el compresor de pistón, el aire es aspirado al interior de un cilindro,
por la acción de un pistón accionado por una biela y un cigüeñal. Ese
mismo pistón, al realizar el movimiento contrario, comprime el aire en
el interior del mencionado cilindro, liberándolo a la red o a la siguiente
etapa, una vez alcanzada la presión requerida.
Este tipo de compresor puede ser lubricado o exento de aceite. En el
caso del compresor exento, la cámara de aspiración y compresión
queda aislada de cualquier contacto con el lubricante del compresor,
trabajando en seco y evitando que el aire comprimido se contamine con
los lubricantes del equipo.
APLICACIONES DEL COMPRESOR DE PISTÓN
A pesar de ser el mas antiguo el compresor de aire comprimido de
piston sigue siendo el mas eficaz . Entre las aplicaciones más
importantes están :
• Sistemas de aire comprimido para pulmones pequeños desde 300
Litros de capacidad a 200 psig.
• Compresores a pistón para alimentación de Hidrógeno en Procesos
Industriales de plantas petroleras, petroquímicas. 30.000 scfd (Pié
cúbico Standard por día) a 2500 psig.
• Sistemas de refrigeración doméstico e Industrial para neveras, Aire
acondicionado usando como Gas refrigerante R12, R22, R134, R410
entre tantos
COMPRESORES DE DESPLAZAMIENTO POSITIVO
5. COMPRESOR DE TORNILLO
PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO
Es un tipo de compresor de aire que utiliza un mecanismo
positivo de tipo rotativo. Al igual que los compresores de pistón,
el compresor de aire de tornillo es un compresor de
"desplazamiento positivo“. El compresor de tornillo utiliza un
par de tornillos sinfín que actúan engranados. Cuando el gas es
aspirado por el compresor se mueve a través de los rotores y se
reduce su volumen. Como consecuencia, esto aumenta la presión
APLICACIONES DEL COMPRESOR DE TORNILLO
Por lo general, los compresores de tornillo se encuentran en aplicaciones que
requieren grandes volúmenes de aire comprimido a alta presión,
reemplazando a los sistemas de aire basados en compresores a pistón Esto
permite su utilización en:
• Grandes sistemas de Aire de planta y de alimentación neum,ática a
instrumentos en planta industriales como petroleras y petroquímica.
• Industria de papel, metalúrgica, soplado de botellas, minera, cemento
•En Industria de alimentos donde por requerimientos el aire debe ser muy
limpio y libre de aceite
.
7. COMPRESOR DE PALETAS
PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO
El compresor de paletas es un compresor de desplazamiento positivo. El compresor de
paletas usa un rotor de paletas para su funcionamiento. El sistema consiste en la
instalación de un rotor de paletas flotantes en el interior de una carcasa, situándolo de
forma excéntrica a la misma.
Durante el giro del rotor, las paletas flotantes salen y entran desde su interior, formando
unas cámaras entre rotor y carcasa, que se llenan con el aire. Al estar situado el rotor en
una posición excéntrica al eje central de la carcasa, las cámaras van creciendo en la
zona de aspiración, llegando a producir una depresión que provoca la entrada del aire.
Según se desplazan con el giro del rotor, las cámaras se van reduciendo hacia la zona de
impulsión, comprimiendo el aire en el interior.
El fluido se aspira cuando aumenta la distancia entre el rotor y el estátor. El aire se
captura en las diferentes bolsas del compresor, cuyo volumen se reduce con la rotación.
El aire se descarga cuando las paletas pasan por la lumbrera de salida
Expansión/
succión
Compresión/
descarga
APLICACIONES DEL COM PRESOR DE PALETAS
En función de la magnitud del volumen de vapor (o gas) desplazado y su elevado
rendimiento a bajas presiones de aspiración, les hace útiles en acondicionadores de aire
e industrialmente como compresores booster en circuitos de compresión escalonada.
Por razones constructivas, raramente trabajan por encima de 3/5 kg/cm2 , no
sobrepasando relaciones de compresión mayores de 7.
9. COMPRESOR DE LÓBULOS O EMBOLOS ROTATIVOS
PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO
•El compresor de lóbulos rotativos es un compresor de desplazamiento positivo. Este tipo
de compresor utiliza rotores de lóbulos rotativos para comprimir el aire. El principio de
funcionamiento se basa en la rotación de dos rotores de lóbulos dentro de la carcasa.
•Los rotores giran sincrónicamente y en sentido contrario, formando entre ellos cámaras
por las que entra aire. Los lóbulos se limitan a mover el gas, logrando incrementar la
presión en función de la contrapresión con la que se encuentran a la salida del equipo.
Esta contrapresión viene dada por las pérdidas por fricción y los requisitos de presión del
sistema con el que opera.
Los rotores utilizados pueden ser bilobares (dos lóbulos) o trilobares (tres lóbulos).
.
APLICACIONES DEL COM PRESOR DE EMBOLO O TORNILLO
•Se emplean usualmente para la impulsión neumática de materiales a granel, en
“camiones-silo” o en fábricas de cemento.
•En Automoviles de Turismo.
•El funcionamiento en este caso, por la forma especial de los rotores, la cámara de
impulsión reduce su espacio para incrementar la presión del aire. Estos compresores
consiguen elevar la presión a valores superiores a 7 barg
11. PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO
Estos compresores tienen un desplazamiento que se denomina orbital. La compresión se realiza por
reducción de volumen. El conjunto compresor está formado por dos rotores con forma espiral. Uno
de ellos es fijo en la carcasa y el otro es móvil, accionado por el motor. Están montados con un desfase
de 180º, lo que permite que en su movimiento se creen cámaras de aire cada vez más pequeñas.
En este tipo de compresores, las celdas o cámaras de compresión de geometría variable y en forma de
hoz, están generadas por dos caracoles o espirales idénticas, una de ellas, la superior, fija (estator), en
cuyo centro está situada la lumbrera de escape, y la otra orbitante (rotor), estando montadas ambas
frente a frente, en contacto directo una contra la otra, la espiral fija y la móvil cuyas geometrías se
mantienen en todo instante desfasadas un ángulo de 180º, entre un dispositivo antirotación, están
encajadas una dentro de la otra de modo que entre sus ejes hay una excentricidad a fin de conseguir
un movimiento orbital de radio del eje de la espiral móvil alrededor del de la espiral fija
COMPRESOR SCROLL
APLICACIÓN DEL COMPRESOR SCROLL
Por su alta eficiencia y bajo peso son ideales en refrigeración como compresores para gas R12, R22, en la
Construcción de equipos de aire acondicionado compactos y Split, así como también en la industria automotriz
para aire acondicionado. Presentan el inconveniente que el gas circulando debe estar muy limpio y libre de
partículas ya que al presentarse alguna inicia un proceso de erosión de los rotores erosionándolos hasta la
pérdida de la capacidad de compresión lo que resulta en menor vida útil que su homologo de pistón.
13. BOMBAS DE VACIO
Las bombas de vacío son también equipos de desplazamiento positivo. Muchos de sus
diseños son usados indistintamente como compresores o como bombas de vacío. Existen
bombas de vacío de pistón, tornillo, paletas o lóbulos. El funcionamiento de todas ellas es
similar al de su compresor homólogo, pero con la característica de que están pensadas
para aspirar del interior de un recipiente o red y no para comprimir el aire o gas que
aspiran.
PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO
APLICACIÓN DE LAS BOMBAS DE VACIO
Aún cuando la denominación no es propiamente la correcta, ya que esta turbomáquina
está clasificada dentro de las categorías de compresores, ya es uso y costumbre llamarla
bomba de vacío y es utilizada ampliamente en casos como tomas de muestra para gases
de cámaras de combustión en hornos y calderas, chimeneas de salida de altos hornos de
procesos Industriales con el fin de analizar la muestra tomada y caracterizar los gases.
Es ideal para vencer la Presión de vacío del equipo de donde está captando la muestra
al lograr menor vacío que el punto de muestra,
También es usado para desplazar en sentido negativo el aire de líneas y tuberías que
pudieran contaminar el gas de determinado procesos como los sistemas de aire
acondicionado
15. COMPRESORES CENTRÍGUGOS
COMPRESORES CENTRÍFUGOS RADIALES FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UN COMPRESOR RADIAL
Este tipo de turbomáquina utiliza la fuerza centrífuga del movimiento rotatorio de un dispositivo
maquinado e integrado a un eje que gira a revoluciones desde moderadas como 8000 rpm hasta
200000 rpm lo cual transfiere la energía cinética al fluído gaseoso elevando la Presión contra la
carcaza de la máquina. Existen dos grandes clasificaciones para esta turbomáquina: RADIAL Y
AXIAL
Un turbocompresor radial esun equipo con dos o más
etapas de compresión. Entre cada etapa, están
instalados unos refrigeradores diseñados para reducir la
temperatura de compresión, antes de que el aire llegue
al siguiente rotor. En este compresor la gas es
proyectado por el rotor también llamado impulsor;
hacia la periferia del mismo en la dirección radial
En este equipo, el aire aspirado entra directamente en la zona
central del rotor también llamada succión, guiado por la
campana de aspiración. El rotor, girando a gran velocidad,
lanza el aire sobre un difusor situado a su espalda, donde la
energía cinética imprimida a las moléculas del gas se
transforma en presión estática contra la carcaza del compresor
que también dispone de paletas a fin de guiar el gas hacia el
siguiente rotor o impulsor.
16. APLICACIÓN DE LOS COMPRESORES RADIALES
Por su alto desempeño, capacidad para adaptar dispositivos y sistemas de protección
como vávulas antioleaje (que mantienen el diferencial de presión de la descarga
referido a la succión en la dirección del flujo de descarga); así como su gran capacidad
de manejar grandes cantidades de flujo a presiones de descarga altas, son ideales para:
• Manejo de fluidos de procesos Industriales como los de Plantas de Gas; aire de
combustión hacia horno especializados en procesos críticos
• Gases de procesos como los de Planta Petroquímicas que requieren del manejo de
Presiones de hasta 2000 psig de presión de descarga así como flujo de hasta 𝟑𝟎 ∗
𝟏𝟎𝟔
de SCFD (Pié Cúbico Standard-Día),
• Gas de combustión de manera eficiente para sistemas de combustión de motores de
combustión interna como Diesel y motores de gasolina de alto desempeño
17. PARTES DE UN COMPRESOR CENTRIFUGO RADIAL
CARCAZA O
ESTATOR
ROTOR O
IMPULSOR
EJE
DESCARGA
SUCCIÓN
DIFUSORES
DEL ROTOR
18. COMPRESORES CENTRÍFUGOS AXIALES
Es un compresor dinámico. Este tipo de compresor, el aire aspirado
circula en paralelo al eje. Los compresores axiales están formados por
varios discos llamados rotores. Entre cada rotor, se instala otro disco
denominado estator, donde el aire acelerado por el rotor, incrementa su
presión antes de entrar en el disco siguiente. En la aspiración de algunos
compresores, se instalan unos álabes guía o paletas guía, que permiten
orientar la corriente de aire para que entre con el ángulo adecuado y
continúe siempre con la dirección axial
Su función es la de aumentar la presión del flujo de aire entrante de
forma continua y en dirección axial, es decir, paralela al eje de rotación.
De esta forma los procesos que ocurren en las etapas siguientes al
compresor, como podrían ser la combustión de un fluido o la extracción
de potencia, se pueden llevar a cabo de forma más eficaz
FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UN COMPRESOR AXIAL
FLUJO (POR LO GENERALAIRE)
ENTRANDO A LA SUCCIÓN
FLUJO DE SALIDAA LA DESCARGA
DEL COMPRESOR SIEMPRE EN LA
DIRECCIÓN AXIAL
19. SUCCIÓN COMPRESOR AXIAL ESCAPE
CÁMARAS DE COMBUSTIÓN
TURBINA
SECCIÓN CALIENTE
SECCIÓN FRIA
TOMA
DE AIRE
PARTES DE UN COMPRESOR CENTRIFUGO RADIAL
APLICACIÓN DE LOS COMPRESORES AXIALES
• El uso de este tipo de turbomáquina esmás especializado dedicado a la Industria
aeroespacial en sus aplicaciones en aeronaves con capacidades de empuje de hasta 20.000
Lb-f .
• Aplicaciones en generación Eléctrica estos turbo compresores axiales son capaces de generar
hasta 30.000 Mvatios de Potencia eléctrica.