This document provides instruction on how to form and use the present perfect tense in English. It lists the affirmative and negative forms for regular and irregular verbs. Examples are given for constructing sentences using the present perfect, including the use of adverbs like already, yet, and just. Key uses of the present perfect outlined are to talk about experiences without specifying when they occurred, and the differences in meaning between the present perfect and past simple tenses.

1. PRESENT
PERFECT

2. FORM
 Have/has + past participle.
 Regular verbs: add –ed.
 Irregular verbs: list on page 164.

3. Affirmative Sentences
I’ve (I have)
You’ve (you have)
He’s (he has)
She’s (she has)
It’s (it has)
We’ve (we have)
You’ve (you have)
They’ve (they have)
been to London.

4. Negative Senteces
I haven’t
You haven’t
He hasn’t
She hasn’t
It hasn’t
We haven’t
You haven’t
They haven’t
worked in a bank.

5. Questions
 Have you worked in a bank?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven’t.
 Has he been to London?
Yes, he has.
No, he hasn’t.

6. USE
To talk about experiences when we DON’T
say when they exactly happened.
I have been to Madrid three times.
I have seen the film “Avatar”.
My brother has lived in England.

7. Already
 Use already in (+) to say that something has
happened before.
 Place it before the past participle.
Have you seen “The Hobbit 2”?
Yes, I’ve already seen it.
Have you studied the present perfect in class?
Yes, we have already seen it.

8. Yet
 Use yet + in (-) and (?) to ask if something
you think is going to happen has happened
or to say it hasn’t happened.
 Place it at the end of the sentence.
Have you seen that film yet?
No, I haven’t. I haven’t seen it yet.
Have you had the exams yet?
No, not yet.

9. Just
 Use just in (+) to say that something has
happened recently.
 Place it before the past participle.
I’ve just tidied up my room. That’s why it
smells so good now.
The dishes are wet. I have just washed them.

10. Ever, never + present
perfect
Have you ever met a
famous person?
Yes, I have met Brad
Pitt.
No, I have never met
a famous person.

11. Gone vs. been
He’s gone to Paris =
He’s in Paris now,
he’s not here.
He’s been to Paris
twice = He went to
Paris and came back
twice.

12. Present perfect vs.
Past simple
We use present perfect to
talk about an experience in
general. When and where
are not important.
I’ve eaten sushi.
Use past simple to give
more details (to say when)
I ate it last week in Japan.