Presentation on Precision (Indoor) Real Time Location Systems at wherecamp EU #wherecampeu #wceu

1. Precision (indoor) Real Time Location Systems Peter Batty

2. Precision Location Tracking Sensors Tags Real time 3D location model

3. Location Tracking Indoors A surprisingly hard problem Direct signal Multipath signal

4. Technology Approaches Active RFID Passive UWB RFID WiFi Accuracy Presence ~ 3-4m ~ 15-30cm UWB = ultrawideband

5. Positioning technologies compared ELECTRO-MAGNETIC LASER IDEAL ULTRASOUND PASSIVE RFID UWB 0.3 1 ACCURACY (m) CONVENTIONAL RF TIMING 3 IR PROXIMITY WLAN RSSI 10 GPS Point Room Building Factory City SCALE

6. Why is UWB best? Normal signals Reflections & direct signal interfere Signal strength Receiver Time reflected signal 10-15ns = 3~5m error UWB Can distinguish direct signal & reflections direct signal path reflected signal Signal strength Time Transmitter 500ps = 0.15m error

7. Ubisense UWB RTLS key facts SENSOR SENSOR Tag TAG Sensor Sensing Method Time-difference-of-arrival + Angle-of-Arrival AccuracyUp to 15cm in 3D Range Up to 160m Coverage area Unlimited Tag count Unlimited Update rate Variable, 10 updates/sec to 1 update/hour Tag battery lifetime Several years, depending on usage profile

8. Ubisense UWB RTLS tags Different tags for different applications Asset tagwith small form factor Omnidirectionalantenna 5 year battery life (typical) Personnel tagwith additional I/O features Buzzer LEDs Buttons Intrinsically safe version For use in oil/gas installations Industrial tag For manufacturing, transportation Larger battery, more robust Modular tag for direct integration Receives power from host Can transfer data from host to/from system

9. INTEGRATION WITH GPS GPS is appropriate for tracking persons, vehicles and assets in large outdoor areas GPS signals break down as the receiver enters an urban area Ubisense will automatically sense the location of the person or vehicle as it enters and area of coverage and the location can then utilize the Ubisense UWB system Ubisense has developed a tri-mode tag which includes UWB/2.4GHz/GPS © Ubisense, 2011. Company Confidential © www.ubisense.net 9

10. SiRFstar GPS module The Tri-Mode tag in detail… 2.4 GHz module Ultra Wideband module © by Ubisense 2010 10

11. Ubisense Module integrated with power tool

12. Ubisense UWB RTLS sensors Angle-and-time-sensing receivers Planar array of four UWB receivers per sensor Angular resolution ~ 1° Time resolution ~ 200ps (≡6cm distance) Sensors connect via Ethernet network Use existing structured cabling Powered over Ethernet Optional networking via WiFi Cellular architecture Similar to mobile phone systems Scale to large sites by adding more cells

13. RTLS installation procedure Step 1: Site survey to assess characteristics of the facility Step 2: Design the layout of the sensors to give the optimum performance Step 3: Install cabling for sensor network and connection to computer network Step 4: Calibrate the system using survey equipment Step 5: Operate the system to provide location, tracking, recording

14. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE Ubisense Sensor 3D visualization software Sensor network is installed inside and outside of the buildings within the facility A small tag is placed on the shoulder of the soldier or attached to an asset and associated with their ID Data is displayed and recorded and stored in standard database format or can be exported in real-time to other display and AAR platforms Ubisense Tag Ubisense 3D Environment © Ubisense, 2011. Company Confidential © www.ubisense.net 14

15. RTLS Applications and Case Studies Logistics Manufacturing Process & Energy Public Transport Events & Entertainment Agriculture Military Research & Other

17. Bus tracking

18. Metro Transit Bus Depots, Minneapolis, USA(Transit Yard Management) System locates buses inside parking garages RTLS updates scheduling tool automatically System records time spent in maintenance Departures scheduled according to location Replaces manual system, saving money Quick facts Installed area: 62500m2 (across five garages) Sensors: 450 Accuracy: <100cm in 2D Reliability: 99.9% 18

19. Aerospace manufacturing http://flic.kr/p/4ZSNNS

20. 20 Multiple Airbus sites in Europe(Process Tracking) Process monitoring across multiple factory sites in UK, France, Germany Provides central overview of process state Automatically updates ERP system Ensures correct pacing of component work items for final assembly Quick facts Installed area: 18000m2 (per hangar) Sensors: 38 (per hangar) Accuracy: <100cm in 3D

21. BMW Track cars and tools, 1000 cars per day 1.7km of track, 320 sensors

22. BMW Car Plant Regensburg, Germany (Final Assembly Tool Assistance) Video 3:50, 5:00 Manufacturing Installed area: 1.7 km assembly line | Sensors: 350 | Accuracy: 30 cm in 3D | Events/day: 150000 | Reliability: 99.99% Problem Different models of car are produced on the same line necessitating loading a different tool program into the power tools based on the specific vehicle to be worked upon. Previously the identification of the vehicle occurred using a barcode scanner resulting in unproductive work (~6 seconds per tool op. at 150 tool stations on 1,000 cars per day). The Ubisense solution The Ubisense system tracks both vehicles and tools detecting when a tool is brought close to the vehicle. The required tool program is obtained from the MES using the VIN and sent directly to the IBS Tool Controller to program & enable the tool. The system solution was jointly developed by Ubisense and IBS. Result Cost and time reduction on the line and quality improvement by excluding human error and re-work. Unproductive time saved reduces costs by many $100,000‘s. Production Management System Ubisense Tool Assistance IBS Tool Controller Vehicle - Tool association DC Tooling Case Study © by Ubisense 2011 22

23. Aston Martin Car Plant Gaydon, UK (Finishing Process Tracking) Manufacturing Installed area: 11700 m² | Sensors: 58 | Accuracy: 50 cm in 2D | Reliability: 99.9% Problem As cars come off-line into the finishing area, they can miss process steps leading to rework or become ‘stuck’ in a step creating inventory build up. The Ubisense solution The Ubisense system tracks the vehicles as they come ‘off-line’ and move through specific process stages (rolling road, wheel alignment, paint inspection, etc.). Defined rules specify the process order and dwell time thresholds (time spent in a step). Exceptions trigger alerts visible to shop-floor operators and reported on intranet. Result Time reduction and Work In Progress (WIP) throughput improvement as cars are always visible through the finish and rework process. Reduced rework and improved quality. Enterprise Intranet Ubisense Process Tracker Vehicle - Bay /Area association & process rules Case Study © by Ubisense 2011 23

24. Cow tracking

25. 25 Dairy Cow Stables, Denmark (Agriculture) Ubisense partnered with Smarter Farming Animal Welfare System built on RTLS Cows tracked around barns Movement analyzed for health information Improves animal health & farm productivity Quick facts Installed area: 1500m2 (per stable) Sensors: 8 Accuracy: <30cm in 2D

26. US Army training 3 buildings inside and out Up to 100 soldiers, 2 updates per second 65 sensors http://flic.kr/p/7i3Fen

27. 27 Multiple Army training sites, U.S.(Military Training) System tracks participants in exercises Works inside and around buildings, taking over from GPS in ‘urban canyon’ Trainers have real-time visibility of exercise After-Action Review enhances training Can model weapons like IEDs, grenades Quick facts Installed area: 17 buildings (at one site) Sensors: 320 (at one site) Accuracy: <30cm in 3D

28. Plant safety flickr.com/photos/libelul60/2409079398/

29. 29 PoscoFinexPlant, Pohang, Korea(Personnel Safety) Tracking workers at a blast furnace Must cover multiple floors Metallic, highly-obstructed environment Automatic check-in and check-out Last known position assists rescue teams Quick facts Installed area: 12000m2 (on 12 floors) Sensors: 80 Accuracy: <100cm in 2D

30. University of Florida dementia Location based art Santander visitor center (38s) Links to videos are at http://www.ubisense.net/en/resources/videos.html © Ubisense, 2011. Company Confidential © www.ubisense.net 30 Other applications