The document provides an overview of our solar system and the universe. It discusses that our solar system formed from a great cloud of gas and dust around 5 billion years ago. It is located within the Milky Way galaxy, which contains over 200 billion stars. Our solar system contains 8 planets orbiting the Sun, along with smaller objects like asteroids, comets, and meteorites. Beyond our solar system, there are other galaxies like the Andromeda galaxy.

1. THE UNIVERSE ,OUR
GALAXY AND OUR
SOLAR SYSTEM
Presented By
K. PRAHLAD. PAI

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 OUR SOLAR
SYSTEM
 GALAXY
 SUN
 MOON
 PLANETS
 ASTEROIDES
 METEORITES
 BLACK HOLE
 COMETS
 STARS
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCE

3. INTRODUCTION
The universe is a group of planets,
moons and different types of cosmic
bodies out of which many are
unknown to man . Lets have an
overview of our solar system.

4. Formation of the Solar
System
The solar system was born in
a great cloud of gas and dust
about 5000 million years
ago. There are many clouds
like this, called nebulae in
the space between the stars.

5. OUR SOLAR SYSTEM

6. Galaxies
The Milky Way is an
example of a gigantic
collection of stars,
gas, and dust that we
call a galaxy. And this
is our galaxy.

7. The Milky Way
There are more than 200 billion
stars belonging to our galaxy, The
Milky Way. The Milky Way is
about 1,00,000 light years across.
Earth lies about 30,000 light years
from the centre. Astronomers
have recently determined that a
huge object, possibly a Black Hole
lies in the centre of the Milky Way.

8. Andromeda
The Andromeda is our
nearest galaxy. It contains
hundreds of billions of stars
and it is 14 quintillion km
from here.

9. GAS GIANTS
The last four planets
(Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, Neptune) of
the solar system are
known as the ”Gas
Giants” because they
are the largest in the
solar system.

10. OUR STAR, THE SUN
The sun was born along with
the rest of the solar system,
about 5000 million years
ago. It has been shining
steadily ever since. The sun
is 10 times bigger across
than jupiter and it could
swallow more than a million
earth.

11. THE NINE PLANETS

12. MERCURY
Mercury is the planet closest
to the sun. It is also the
fastest moving planet,
whizzing round the sun in
just 88 days. Mercury has an
oval orbit . At times it travels
as far as 70 million km away
from the sun. At others, it
gets as close as 46 million
km.

13. MERCURIE’S OVAL ORBIT

14. MERCURY DATA
 Diameter at equator : 4,880 km
 Average distance from sun : 58 million km
 Minimum distance from Earth : 91 million
km
 Length of day:59 Earth days
 Length of year : 88 Earth years
 Temperature:185 degree c to 430 degree
 Satellites: 0

15. VENUS
Venus is the closest planet to
earth. We often see it shining in
the western sky after sunset.
Which is why it is known as the
evening star. Venus clouds are
made up of tiny droplets of
sulphuric acid, one of the
strongest acid we know.

16. VENUS DATA
 Diameter of equator: 12,100 km
 Average distance from sun:108 million km
 Minimum distance from Earth: 42 million
km
 Turns on axis : 243 Earth days
 Circles sun: 225 Earth days
 Surface temperature: 480 degree c

17. EARTH
From space our planet
earth seems to be blue in
colour.This is because of
colour of oceans which
covers over 2/3 of the
Earth surface.

18. How has Earth
changed?
Earth formed about 4,600million years
ago when bits of matter in space
came together. At first it was a great
molten ball. It gradually cooled and
atmosphere and oceans eventually
formed.

19. CRATERS ON EARTH

20. EARTH DATA
 Diameter of equator: 12,756 km
 Average distance from sun: 149.6 million km
 Turns on axis: 23hrs 56min
 Year length: 365.25 days
 Surface Temperature: -86 deg c to 58 deg c
 Satellites: Moon

21. MOON
Any object or planet which
orbits a planet is called a
moon .Our moon circles
earth once a month. Our
moon has no atmosphere,
no weather and no life.

22. Formation of the MOON

23. Conspiracy Theory
This theory was proposed against
NASA by some experts. This
theory gives many evidences to
prove that man never landed on
MOON.

25. FIRST STEP ON
MOON
Astronauts landed on the
moon for the first time on
July 20, 1969. They were
Edwin Aldrin and Neil
Armstrong. Armstrong was
the first human to stand on
the moon.

26. MOON DATA
 Diameter at equator: 3476 km
 Minimum distance from earth : 3,56,000 km
 Time to circle earth : 27.3 earth days
 Surface Temperature: -170 degree c to 110
degree c

27. MARS
Small and red in colour
MARS is more like
earth. Although people
believe there is life on
MARS, it’s too cold
there and the
atmosphere is too thin
for life to exist.

28. Why is MARS called
the ‘Red Planet’ ?
MARS is called as the red planet because
of its colour. Its surface is reddish orange.
This colour comes from the rust like iron
minerals in the surface rocks and soils.

29. MARS DATA
 Diameter of equator: 6,789 km
 Average distance from sun: 228 million km
 Minimum distance from earth: 56 million km
 Turns on axis: 24 hrs 37 min
 Circles sun: 687 earth days
 Surface Temperature: -110 degree c to 0
degree c
 Satellites: 2

30. JUPITER
Jupiter is by far the largest of
the planets. It has more mass
than all other planets put
together. It could swallow
more than 1,300 bodies the
size of earth. It takes less
than 10 hrs to spin round
once. This means its surface
is spinning at a speed of
45,000km an hour

31. What’s the Great Red
Spot?
It is a gigantic swirling
storm like a huge
hurricane on earth. It
measures about 40,000
km across, 3 times
the size of earth.

33. JUPITER DATA
 Diameter at equator: 1,42,800 km
 Average distance from sun: 778 million km
 Minimum distance from earth : 590 million
km
 Turns on axis: 9 hrs 60 min
 Circles sun: 11.9 earth years
 Temperature : 150 degree c
 Satellites known : 63

34. SATURN
Saturn is the second
biggest planet after
Jupiter . It is a giant ball of
gas. It is the favorite
among astronomers
because of its shining
rings. It is largely made of
ice. Saturn’s biggest
satellite Titan is the second
largest moon in the solar
system.

35. What are Saturn rings
made of ?
Only three out of many rings
can be seen from the earth.
The rings are made up of
millions of bits of ice whizzing
round the planet at a high
speed.

36. SATURN DATA
 Diameter at equator: 120,000 km
 Diameter of visible rings: 270,000 km
 Average distance from sun: 1427 million km
 Minimum distance from earth: 1200 million km
 Turns on axis: 10 hrs 40 min
 Circles sun: 29.5 Earth years
 Temperature: -170 degree c
 Satellites known : 63

37. URANUS
Uranus is the third biggest planet
and 4 times bigger than earth. In
1977 Uranus rings were
discovered. It has a thick
atmosphere containing hydrogen,
helium and methane ice.

38. URANUS DATA
 Diameter at equator : 51,000km
 Average distance from sun: 2870 million km
 Minimum distance from earth: 2600 million km
 Turns on axis: 17 hr 14 min
 Circles sun: 84 earth years
 Temperature : 200 degree c
 Satellites : 15

39. NEPTUNE
At the edge of solar
system, Neptune is a
giant like Uranus .It
has a lovely blue
colour as a result of
methane gas in its
atmosphere.

40. NEPTUNE DATA
 Diameter at equator: 49,500 km
 Average distance from sun: 4500 million km
 Minimum distance from Earth: 4300 million km
 Turns on axis : 17 hrs 6 min
 Circles Sun: 165 Earth years
 Temperature: -210 degree c
 Satellites: 8

41. NOW PLUTO IS NOT ONE
OF THE NINE PLANETS
Pluto used to be considered one of
the nine planets but, due to recent
discoveries and new facts about the
planet, it is now classified a dwarf
planet. Scientists have been wrongly
classifying celestial bodies for
centuries. An asteroid one day,
could become, a moon another day.

42. We don’t know much about
Pluto because its so far
away at its farthest. It was
discovered in 1930. It
travels more than 7000
million km from the sun.
Even in powerful telescope
it looks like a faint star. No
space probes have ever
visited Pluto.

43. PLUTO DATA
 Diameter of equator: 2250 km
 Average distance from sun: 5900 million km
 Minimum distance from Earth: 4300 km
 Turns on axis: 6 Earth days and 9 hours
 Circles sun: 248 Earth years
 Surface temperature: -230 degree c
 Satellites: 1
 Diameter of the orbit: 15000 million km

44. Star
When a near by star explodes,
a shock wave travels through
the cloud. The cloud begins to
shrink to form a new star. The
Sun, a small yellow star burns
hydrogen more steadily. The
speed at which the stars burn
hydrogen determines how
long they will live.

45. A Black Hole
After a very heavy star uses
up its hydrogen and explodes
as a supernova, its core
becomes smaller and smaller
until, finally it is smaller than
the head of a pin. The star
however still has gravity. This
is so strong that even light
from a few km around the star
cannot escape. This is called
a Black Hole.

46. Asteroids
The solar system has many
different members, the
smallest of which are
asteroids and meteorites.
Most asteroids lie in the
enormous space between
the orbits of Mars and
Jupiter.

47. Meteorites
Meteorites are dust particles in
space. When a meteoroid
encounters the Earth’s upper
atmosphere at high speed ,it
usually burns up and forms a
bright meteor . Some people call
this brief streak of light a
“Shooting Star”.

48. Comets
Comets are icy balls that
sweep through the solar
system. As the comet
journeys towards the Sun, the
solar wind blows a stream of
dust and gas away from the
comet and the sun .This forms
the comet’s tail.

49. Aliens
Aliens are the living beings from
outer space. They are predicted to
be more stronger and intelligent
than humans. There are stories
and evidences to say that aliens
had come to earth long back and
could return any time in future.

50. Unidentified Flying Object
(UFO)
An unidentified flying object ,
or UFO, is any apparent flying
object which cannot be identified
by the observer and which remains
unidentified after investigation. The
term flying saucer is also
sometimes used.
A 1952 photo of a purported
UFO over Passaic, New
Jersey, from an FBI
document.

51. CONCLUSION
We believe our solar system is a
large place but its nothing when
compared to the unimaginable
vastness of the universe. Scientists
have considered only the first eight
planets but astrologers still consider
PLUTO as the ninth planet .

52. REFERENCE
 www.bbc.co.uk/science/space
 www.NASA.gov
 www.nasa.gov/kids.html
 www.spacekids.com
 www.spaceplace.jpl.nasa.gov

53. THANK YOU