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Presentation on KESCO sub-station, kanpur
This document describes the TT Nagar 33/11kV substation. It was established in 2002 to transform incoming 33kV power to 11kV to supply approximately 52,000 customers. It includes 3 operators and 3 linemen overseen by 1 junior engineer. In 2004, it was expanded to also supply Meharbaan Singh Ka Purva. The single line diagram shows how 132kV power enters and is stepped down to 33kV and 11kV to supply the local areas. The substation contains various equipment for transforming, protecting, and distributing power, including transformers, circuit breakers, protective relays, grounding systems, batteries, switchgear, and a fire suppression system.
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Presentation on KESCO sub-station, kanpur
- 1. Kanpur Electricity SupplyAuthority Name: Shubham Sachan Registration No: 11104846 Section: E3108
- 2. Introduction of asubstation • Intermediate link between Generating station & Consumers. • An Electrical Substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity Generation, Transmission And Distribution System where voltage is transformed high to low or reverse using transformer. • Examples of Substation:- 400kV/220kV substation 220kV/132kV substation 132kV/33kV substation 33kV/11kV substation 11kV/.4kV substation
- 3. 33/11KV TT NagarSubstation Established in 2002. This substation is used 33KV as input and converted it into 11KV through Power transformer. Approximate 52000 people of Tatya tope nagar and Ambedkar nagar get the electricity from this substation. In this substation there are 3 substation operator, 3 line man under 1 JE. In 2004 Meharbaan Singh Ka Purva was added with TT Nagar Substation with the same 33KV supply.
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- 6. Outgoing feeders 132KV incoming11KV outgoing 132KV is step down to Tatya tope Nagar 33KV in Barra 8 and Ambedkar Nagar then get as incoming 16 Village 33KV in TT nagar, 33KV is supplied to Meharbaan Singh Ka Purva.
- 7. Equipment used inSubstation Lightning Arresters Potential transformer Current Transformer Bus-Bars Isolators Insulators Circuit Breakers Protective Relays Grounding Power Transformer Switchgear Batteries Fire fighting system
- 8. Lightning Arresters Lighteningarrestors are the instrument that are used in the incoming feeders so that to prevent the high voltage entering the main station. To prevent any damage lightening arrestors are used.
- 9. Potential Transformer (P.T) Potential transformers used in the bus connected both side of the bus. The potential transformer uses a bus isolator to protect itself. The main use of this transformer is to measure the voltage through the bus. To get the detail information of the voltage passing through the bus to the instrument.
- 10. Current Transformer Itsteps down the current level of the line for following purposes: CT’s are basically used to take the readings of the currents entering the substation. This transformer steps down the current from 800 amps to 1 amp.
- 11. Bus-Bars Carry electricalsupply Maximum load
- 12. Isolators Isolator isthe devices used to protect the S/S from any fault on the incoming feeder. They are also helpful while maintenance is to be done in substation.
- 13. Insulators The mainfunction of the insulators is to provide perfect insulation between the live conductors and the supports. Types of Insulators are Pin type insulators Suspension type insulators Strain insulators Shackle insulators Stay insulators
- 14. Circuit Breakers Acircuit breaker can make or break a circuit either manually or automatically under no load, full load or short circuit conditions. Circuit Breaker are of types Oil Circuit Breaker Vacuum Circuit Breaker SF6 Circuit Breaker Air Blast Circuit Breaker
- 15. Oil Circuit Breaker Oil circuit breaker which employ insulating oil for arc extinction. Buchholz Relay is also used to protect the P.T.
- 16. SF6 Circuit Breaker In this hexafluoride gas is used as arc quenching medium. The SF6 is an electro-negative gas and has a strong tendency to absorb free electrons.
- 17. Protective Relays Theseare the devices that detect the fault and initiates the operation of the circuit breaker to isolate the defective element from rest of the element. They are basically of two types Electromagnetic type Induction type
- 18. Grounding It isused to protect the system from extra voltage. Types of grounding are Resistance Grounding Reactance Grounding Resonant Grounding But commonly people used the mixture of coal and salt and coal, as a grounding material.
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- 20. Transformer’s arebasically used to step up and step down and vice versa. Now basically small substation used transformer to reduce the voltage or step down the voltage. It is easier to installed single three phase transformer instead of 3 single phase transformer. In This Power Transformer from the incoming 33KV is Provided and we get 11KV as O/P after step down. It’s rating is 10MVA, we can also used 3.15MVA or 5MVA rating of transformer. In 33/11KV substation delta-star connection’s are used.
- 21. Transformer Oil Thisis used for protection and cooling purpose. It’s mineral oil obtained by refine crude petroleum. It serves the following purpose. Provide additional insulation. Carries away the heat generated in the core & coils. Protects the paper from dirt & moisture for this Breather is used. Transformer oil is very costly.
- 22. Maintenance of Transformers Check Oil level in main tank. Check the colour of silica gel in breather. i. It must be blue in colour. ii. If it is turns pink then replace. Check On load Tap Changer Lower/Raise trail by Local & Remote. Trip trail by draining oil in Buchholz relay. Check Earth resistance ,provide watering arrangement for earthling pits. Clean the bushings. Attend the oil leakages. Note Temperature of Oil & leakage.
- 23. Batteries Batteries areused in substation as an auxiliary power supply to provide power for lightning, heating ventilation and communication equipment. Several batteries are connected in series. All latest equipment’s are now also design as they can operate with DC voltage also.
- 24. Switchgear This isfirst part of protection or controlling. This type of equipment is directly linked to the reliability of the electricity supply. It act as controller to control the output supply. This is also used to know how much power is consumed in the area as well as in substation. To repair any faulty part firstly isolate from control room then through isolator which is placed there.
- 25. Fire Fighting System This is used to protect the equipment’s of the substation from any accident. Basically Dry Carbon-Di-Oxide is used. But sand is also used for instant protection.
- 26. Important Terms Tripping– Power goes due to over load. It is for the protection of components. Shut down – Power is cut due to maintenance in progress. It is done manually. Break down – Power goes due to any fault in the line. When fault is removed , power is back. Roasting – Power is cut deliberately on order of higher authority due to shortage of power.
- 27. Name: Shubham Sachan RegistrationNo: 11104846 Section: E3108