This document provides an overview of the key components of a 132kV substation, including: circuit breakers, protective relays, lightning arresters, bus bars, switches, the control room, transformers, power line carrier communication (PLCC), and remote terminal units (RTU). It describes the basic functions of these components in powering homes and businesses safely and efficiently.

1. INDUSTRIALINDUSTRIAL TRAININGTRAINING
PRESENTATIONPRESENTATION
ONON
132KV SUBSTATION
NECS’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
CHIRAO,KARNAL
Presented By-
SOURABH
Roll no-7910476-l
7TH
SEM
Electronics & communication Engineering,

2. CONTENTS
1.SUBSTATION.
2. CIRCUIT BREAKER
3. PROTECTIVE RELAY
4. LIGHTING ARRESTERS
5. BUS BAR
6. SWITCHES
7. CONTROL ROOM
8. TRANSFORMER
9. PLCC
10. RTU
11.SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

3. • An electrical substation is a subsidiary
station of a transmission and distribution
system where voltage is transformed from high
to low using transformers.
• Electric power may flow through several
substations between generating plant and
consumer, and may be changed in voltage in
several steps.

4. It is an automatically-operated electrical
switch.
It operates both on “ON LOAD” and “NO
LOAD” conditions.

5. The protective relay ensures the safety of
the circuit equipments from any damage
which might otherwise cause by fault.

6. It is connected between the line and earth so
diverts the incoming high voltage wave to
earth.
Lightning arresters act as safety valves
designed to discharge electric surges
resulting from lightning strokes, switching
or other disturbance .

7. Lightning arrestors directly connected at
one end to the transmission system.

8. Bus-bars are merely convenient means of
connecting switches and other equipment
into various arrangements.

9. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF BUS :-
1.Main bus
2. Transfer bus

10. A switch is used in an electric circuit as a
device for making or breaking the electric
circuit in a convenient way

11. The control room is nerve center of a power
station .
The various controls performed from here
are voltage adjustment, load control,
emergency tripping of turbines etc.

13.  A transformer is a device that
transfers electrical energy from one
circuit to another through inductively
coupled conductors-the transformer's
coils.
 Types:-
1. STEP-UP
2. STEP-DOWN

14. A transformer is a static device which
transfers a . c. electrical power from one
circuit to the other at the same frequency
but the voltage level is changed

15. Power Line Carrier Communication, is an
approach to utilize the existing power lines
for the transmission of information.

16. The communication device used for the
communication over the power lines is a MODEM,
commonly known as Power Line MODEM (PLM).
It works as both transmitter and receiver, i.e., it
transmits and receives data over the power lines

17. It collects three primary types of data .
1.the status of process devices (digital inputs)
2. measures process variables (analog inputs)
3.accumulators (pulse inputs).

18. RTU database can be downloaded on
operator request, from a PC using the
SIM900 software.
The software package delivered with S900
RTU allows to handle both digital and
analog inputs/outputs

19. DIAGRAM OF RTU