A processor, also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out instructions to operate a computer. Modern processors often have multiple cores on a single chip. Common multi-core processors are dual-core and quad-core. The control unit directs operations like the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) which performs calculations using data from memory. Memory stores operating systems, programs, and data for processing and output to devices.

1. WHAT IS
PROCESSER?
Processor which is also called the central processing unit
(CPU)
interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate
a computer..

2. • The operating system views each processor
as a separate processor.
multi-core processor
ɷ it is a processor with a single chip
with two or more separate processor
cores.

3. THE COMMON MULTI-CORE PROCESSOR ARE DUAL-
CORE AND QUAD-CORE.
• A dual-core processor is a chip that contains TWO separate
processor cores.
• A quad-core processor is a chip with FOUR separate processor
cores.

4. When a user starts a program, for example its instruction transfer
from a storage device to memory. Data needed by programs enters
memory from either an input device or a storage device.The control
unit interprets in memory and ALU performs calculation the data in
memory. Resulting information is stored in memory for future access...
INPUT DEVICES
↓ data
MEMORY
↓ information
OUT DEVICES

5. • Processors contain a control unit and an
arithematic logic unit (ALU).
• These two components work together to
perform processing operations.

6. THE CONTROL UNIT
• Is the component of the processor that directs
and coordinates most of the operations in the
computer.
• It interprets each instruction issued by a
program and then initiates the appropriate
action to carry out instruction.

7. • There are a few types of internal components that control
units direct such as:
a) arithematic logic unit
b) registers
c) buses

8. Parallel processing
• is a method that uses multiple processors simultaneously to
execute a single program or task
• it divides a single problem into portion so that multiple
processor work on their assigned portion of the problem at
the same time.

9. • These are the few examples of a processor:

10. MEMORY
• It consists of electronic components that store
instructions waiting to be executed by the
processor.
• The role of memory is to store both data and
programs which is known as the stored
programs concept.

11. • Memory stores three basic categories items:
a) the operating system and other
system software that controls or
maintain the computer and its
devices.
b) application programs that carry out a
specific task such as word processing
c) the data being proccesed by the application
programs and resulting information.

12. Bytes and Addressable
Memory
• A byte (character) is the basic storage unit in
memory.
• The data are transferred to memory from
storage devices where the instructions and data
exsist as bytes.
• Each byte resides temporarily in a location in
memory that has a address.

13. Types Of Memory
• There are two types of memory:
a) volatile
b) non-volatile

14. • When the computer's power is turned off
volatile memory loses its contents.
• Non-volatile, by contrast, does not loses its
contents when the power is removed from the
computer.
• Thus, volatile memory is temporary and non-
volatile memory is permenant.
• RAM is the most common type of volatile
memory.

15. • Examples of non-volatile include ROM, flash
memory, and CMOS.
• These are the few examples of memory: