Jacques Charles discovered that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is kept constant. This relationship is known as Charles' Law. Some key points: 1) Jacques Charles was a French scientist who made early balloon flights and discovered the relationship between gas volume and temperature. 2) According to Charles' Law, the volume of a gas increases as its temperature increases at constant pressure. 3) The kinetic molecular theory explains Charles' Law by stating that gas particles move faster and collide with the container walls more frequently at higher temperatures, increasing the volume.

1. WEEK 2

2. GUESS THE
WORD!!!

3. ?
/ =
H L E C A S R

4. CHARLES

5. W L A

6. LAW

7. Week 2: Charles'
Law and
Applications

8. Investigate the relationship between:
• volume and temperature at a constant pressure of a
gas
• explains these relationships using the kinetic
molecular theory
OBJECTIVES:

9. Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Who is Charles?
Jacques Charles, in full Jacques-Alexandre-César
Charles,(November 12, 1746 – April 7, 1823) was
a French inventor, scientist, mathematician, and balloonist.
Also a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences, entering on
May 12, 1785. He was sometimes called Charles the
Geometer. Charles and the Robert brothers launched the
world's first unmanned hydrogen-filled gas balloon in August
1783; then in December 1783, Charles and his co-pilot
Nicolas-Louis Robert ascended to a height of about 1,800 feet
(550 m) in a manned gas balloon.
Jacques Alexandre César
Charles

10. Kinetic Molecular
Theory
Characteristics
Experiment
Summary
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
What is Charles' Law?
Charles’s law, a statement that the volume occupied by a fixed amount of
gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, if
the pressure remains constant. This empirical relation was first suggested by
the French physicist J.-A.-C. Charles about 1787 and was later placed on a
sound empirical footing by the chemist Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac. It is a
special case of the general gas law and can be derived from the kinetic
theory of gases under the assumption of a perfect (ideal) gas. Measurements
show that at constant pressure the thermal expansion of real gases, at
sufficiently low pressure and high temperature, conforms closely to Charles’s
law.

11. Kinetic Molecular Theory
According to Charles law, for a
fixed mass of the gas at constant
pressure the volume of the gas is
proportional to the temperature.
Kinetic theory explains why the
volume of the container should
increase with the increase in the
temperature to keep the
pressure constant.
The behavior of gases is
determined by the behavior of its
individual particles. To explain
behavioral properties of gases, The
Kinetic Molecular Theory was
formulated. According to this
theory, gas has the following
characteristics:
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Kinetic Molecular
Theory
Characteristics
Experiment
Summary
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?

12. Characteristics:
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Kinetic Molecular
Theory
Characteristics
Experiment
Summary
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?
Gas is made up of particles that continuously
move in random and straight-line motion.
The spaces between these particles are so wide
that the force of attraction is negligible, thus,
they diffuse easily and mix readily with other
gases.
The collision of particles to each other and to
the walls of its container is perfectly elastic.
This means that they don’t lose or gain energy
as they collide.
The average kinetic energy of a gas is directly
proportional to its absolute temperature. This
means that when the temperature is high, particles
of gas are rapidly moving or colliding to each other.

13. CHARLES'
LAW
DEMONSTRATION

14. Experiment
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Kinetic Molecular
Theory
Characteristics
Experiment
Summary
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles? You will observe that after placing the
inflated balloon in a container with very
hot water, the balloon will expand or
increase in volume.
Removing the balloon from this container
will bring back the balloon to its original
size.
And if we place the balloon inside the
freezer, you will see that it decreases in
volume. This only shows that gas expands
at high temperature.
Charles’ Law states that at constant pressure the volume of a
confined gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
This only means that the volume of a gas increases as its
temperature increases. This is the explanation behind the hot air
balloons and flat tires during summer.

15. Kinetic theory explai
Summary
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Kinetic Molecular
Theory
Characteristics
Experiment
Summary
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?
Jacques-Alexandre-César Charles,(November 12, 1746 – April 7,
1823) was a French inventor, scientist, mathematician,
and balloonist.
Kinetic theory explains why the volume of the
container should increase with the increase in the
temperature to keep the pressure constant.
The relationship between the volume of a gas and its
temperature was discovered by Jacques Charles in 1787.
Charles’ Law states that at constant pressure the volume of
a confined gas is directly proportional to its absolute
temperature.

16. Formula
Charles' Law
Calculations
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?

17. Formula:
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Formula Example 1 Example 3
Example 2 Example 4
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?
- If the given is in
Celsius, you have to
change it into Kelvin by
adding 273.15

18. DERIVATION OF
CHARLES' LAW
EQUATION

23. Example 1:
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Formula Example 1 Example 2
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles
Example 3 Example 4
A 115 mL of gas is measured at 32°C. If the pressure
remains constant, what will be the volume of gas at
15°C.
Given:
V1= 115 mL
V2= ?
T1= 32°C
T2= 15°C
Conversion:
T1= 32° C + 273.15= 305.15 K
T2= 15°C + 273.15= 288.15 K
V2= 115 mL (288.15K)
305.15K
V2= 33, 137.25 mL
305.15
V2= 108.59 mL

24. Example 2:
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Formula Example 2
Example 1
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles
Example 3 Example 4
A container has 8 mL of nitrogen gas at 30 °C. What will
be its temperature if the volume increases by 12 mL
keeping the pressure constant?
Given:
V1= 8 L
V2= 12 mL
T1= 30 ° C
T2= ?
Conversion:
30°C + 273.15= 303.15 K
T2= 12 L ( 303.15 K )
8 L
T2= 3, 637.8 K
8
T2= 454.72 K

25. Example 3:
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Formula Example 3
Example 1
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?
Example 2 Example 4
Calculate the volume of a gas in Liters at 25 ° C, if it
occupies 20 L at 20 ° C.
Given:
V1= ?
V2= 20 L
T1= 25 ° C
T2= 20 °C
Conversion:
25 °C + 273.15= 298.15 K
20 °C + 273.15= 293.15 K
V1= 20 L ( 298.15K )
293 K
V1= 5,963 L
293
V1= 20.35 L

26. Example 4:
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Formula Example 4
Example 1
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?
Example 3
Example 2
A container has 8 L of nitrogen gas, what its initial
temperature if the volume increases by 15 L at 320
K?
Given:
V1= 8 L
V2= 15 L
T1= ?
T2= 320 K
T1= 8 L ( 320 K )
15 L
T1= 2,560 K
15 L
T1= 170.66 K

27. Application 1 Application 2 Application 3
Applications
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Introduction
Calculations
Who is Charles?
Applications of
Charles' Law

28. Applications
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Application 1 Application 2 Application 3
Introduction
Calculations
Who is Charles?
HOT AIR BALLOON
An air balloon is a classic example of Charles's law. In
fact, Charles himself was a balloonist and was one of
the few who flew the first hydrogen balloon at the
Champ de Mars in Paris. Parts of a hot air balloon
basically consist of an Envelope that stores heated air,
Burner, and a Basket or Gondola to carry passengers.
When the fuel source is ignited, the air contained
inside the envelope gets heated up. Charles’s Law
states that with an increase in the temperature of the
air, the volume of the air will also increase.
Therefore, as a result, the density of air contained in
an envelope becomes lighter than the density of the
outside atmosphere. Hence, due to buoyant force, a
hot air balloon flies high; up in the sky.

29. Applications
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Application 1 Application 2 Application 3
Introduction
Calculations
Who is Charles?
HUMAN LUNGS
The human lungs are spongy air-filled organs play an
important role in respiration. Air flows in when the lungs
expand and flows out when they contract. In winters, the
temperature of air decreases. As a consequent, the
temperature of the air inside the body also decreases.
According to Charles's law states volume is directly
proportional to temperature. Hence, the volume of the air
decreases with the temperature. It shrinks the lungs and
physical activities like jogging becomes difficult in
freezing winter days.

30. PING-PONG BALLS
Ping-pong or table tennis is an international
sport famous in China, Austria, Belarus,
Germany, and Hong Kong, to name but a
few. A common problem with ping-pong balls
is they can get a dent when expose to a strong
blow or pressure. A common method to fix this
dented ball is to immerse the ball into warm
water. On immersion, the temperature of the
air inside the ball increases, and as per
Charles's law, the air expands. The ball is
inflated and dents are fixed.
Introduction
Calculations
Applications
Who is Charles?
SCIENCE
WEEK 2
Application 1 Application 2 Application 3

31. SUMMARY:
• If the given is in Celsius, you have to change it into Kelvin by adding
273.15
• When a gas is heated at a constant temperature, it's volume is
directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.
• As one quantity increases, the other quantity also increases and vice
versa.

32. THANK YOU!

33. Hyna Banzuela
Liezel Florez Banagan
Vhinz Freo Rainnier Revadenira
Johnmark Astrera

34. PARTICIPATION:

35. Credits to these Links and Sites:
https://youtu.be/FYiu61k-xIY
https://youtu.be/GcCmalmLTiU
https://chemistrygod.com/charles-law-examples
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Che
mistry_(CK-
12)/14%3A_The_Behavior_of_Gases/14.04%3A_Charles's_Law?fbclid=IwAR1XsJkljSj
CiLbd-MZaHMhov_amZvbI6yBEhEi2u7HKi45idBIflHjL-gM
https://youtu.be/llGaKf_JXs4
TYSM big credits to : Romeppt