S A F I Y A Y A H A Y A
P O R
T F O
L I O
S A F I Y A Y A H A Y A
A R C H I T E C T U R A L D E S I G N ( B S C . H o n s . )
S A F I Y A Y A H A Y A . C O M
+ 9 7 1 ( 0 ) 5 6 2 0 1 2 6 1 5
Seemingly in my own world of doodles and drawings. I’ve had a pencil in my hand
since I was young. When I started university I originally had the idea of going into
art & graphic design. Then I discovered architecture. It was the perfect blend of art &
engineering for me and I was hooked. A new way to show and share my passions.
I do the work I do because I love it. I like the industry. I believe architecture shapes
our communities and has the power to define the way we live as a society. My aim is
to be able to work on projects where I can tap into my creative energy and help be a
part of shaping today’s fast-paced world.
S. Yahaya
S a f i y a Y a h a y a .
“
“
“ The selected photographs, drawings, and graphics which make up this portfolio are my
original work and personal property.
I attest that the information and documents contained in this portfolio are true and reflect
the knowledge, skills and abilities I have acquired. ”
c o n t e n t
0 1
0 2
0 3
0 4
0 5
0 6
0 7
0 8
0 9
Kiosk
2nd place Najah competition.
Housing
Urban + Mass housing project.
Resume
Personal experience & skills.
Urban Redevelopment
Re-imagining Dubai Creek.
Wayfinding System
A graphic design for a campus.
Elementary School
A 3rd year school design.
Smart City Parking System
Smart city competition entry.
Concept: Performance Center
Conceptual thinking into a PAC.
Photography
Gallery of photography work.
E d u c a t i o n + Tr a i n i n g
2011- 2015
2004-2010
Canadian University
of Dubai.
BSc. Architecture
Dubai, U.A.E
El-Amin Int’l School
School Diploma
Minna, Nigeria.
R é s u m é
ECOWAS - Diplomatic
Observer
• Documented
presedential election in
Mali.
• Setting up polling
centers.
• Recorded & reported
results to the organization.
Y4Y Nigeria - Co-Founder
A non-profit run by the
youth focused on eradicat-
ing illiteracy
& promoting primary
healthcare in less privi-
ledged kids.
• Organizing events &
fundraisers.
• Managing all the activi-
ties of the organization
2010
2013
Wo r k E x p e r i e n c e
2013
A w a r d s + C e r t i f i c a t e s
Fashion design &
Illustration.
Campustar fashion llt.
2nd Place- Smart City
Design
Canadian university of
Dubai.
Merit Award- Architecture
Exhibition
Canadian University of
design
2014
2013
2013
S k i l l s + C o m p e t e n c i e s
• Graphic drawings & illustrations.
• Teamwork, organization, working under
pressure, strong work ethic, time manage-
ment skills, problem solving, ability to learn
from critisim.
• Languages : Fluent in English.
• Vector programs : AutoCAD, ArchiCAD,
Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, Google
Sketchup.
Better Life Program for the
African Woman -
Volunteer
• Reconstruction of their
local public buildings.
2011
TEDx - Organizer
TEDx conferences brings
together the world’s
most fascinating thinkers
& doers in Technology
Entertainment & Design,
who are challenged to give
the talk of their lives in 18
mins or less.
• Selected speakers for
talks & jury panel.
• Interviewed volunteers,
staff, & technicians.
Project | Kiosk
Date | April 2015
This is a recently completed competition entry that
won 2nd place. This kiosk is supposed to function as an
adaptable structure for the Canadian University of Dubai
to use at the Najah exhibition in Dubai and to retain for
future expo’s and functions.
02
0 3
N A J A H
K I O S K
The idea behind the design was to translate the slogan “ a portal to canadian education” into a 3D form. The
panels along the wall of the kiosk continue to change & progress in shape and size as the user moves through
the “portal”.
The profile of the wall panels are raised as they reach the back wall. Symbolic of reaching the end of the
portal.
0 5
n a j a h k i o s k d e s i g n
Step 1
Visualizing the portal as a 3-di-
mensional form.
Step Two
Ribs are aligned to create a tunnel
to move through the portal.
Step Two
The form is made geometric & cut
open to create cross circulation.
Step Two
The roof forms a symbolic shelter
over the whole structure.
Step Two
Roof extends to the partitions
creating a unified structure.
Step Two
The lounge and meeting spaces are
carved into the portal.
0 6
roof structure
roof structure
roof structure
roof structure
0 1 Main Access
02 Secondary Access
0 3 Lounge
0 4 Meeting Areas
0 5 Information Desk
0 6 Storage/Technical Space
The kiosk provides a lounge. 3
meeting areas, technical/storage
space and a reception desk.
There is additional digital
interactive function incorporated
into the central circulation space.
The structure functions as an
entire piece yet parts can be taken
out to adapt it to different
functions, environments & users.
This creates a functional &
aesthetically pleasing structure
that represents the university.
07
n a j a h k i o s k d e s i g n
0 8
Project | Medium Density Housing estate
Date | December 2013
This residential project was aimed at creating a feasible
housing estate along sheikh zayed road of Dubai. It is a
combination of medium density apartment blocks, villas
& town houses.
The site is located adjacent to the dubai metro and a
city parking structure.
The project focuses on trying to implement the reduced
use of motor vehicles by transport by supplying the
residents with limited parking spaces and creating RTA
bus tops around the estate.
0 3
0 9
U R B A N
H O U S I N G
The housing blocks are interupted
by social spaces and roundabouts
that bring in commercial functions
to the area.
This makes it
economically feasible. The
apartment blocks have retail and
commercial functions on the
ground floor. It is important that
the estate be mixed-use enough to
prevent it either being completely
deserted during the day time or
congested with traffic during rush
hour.
The streets are designed as
cresents to prevent a straight
boring streetview.
1 1
u r b a n h o u s i n g
1 2
1 3
u r b a n h o u s i n g
0 1 Part of Courtyard
02 Main Entrance
0 3 Lobby
0 4 Elevator
0 5 Apartments
1 4
01
02
03
04
05
The town houses each have their
individual backyards and front
porches. There are 3 different
variations of townhouses in the
estate.
This creates variety and eliminates
the repetiveness that can cause
housing projects to become too
monotonous. The streets have
larger pedestrian walkways be-
cause they include cycling tracks.
The architecture of the town-
houses is modernist with minimal
features.
1 5
u r b a n h o u s i n g
1 6
Building elements such as
louvres and shaders that
work to keep the building
cool in the summer time
have been moved to the
interior to minimize the
elements on the facade.
Windows are recessed to
prevent the excessive solar
gain of the hot & humid
Dubai climate.
The apartments are between
5 to 8 storeys. They are
arranged in a courtyard
configuration with a central
public space with a
playground and private
ground parking spaces.
1 7
u r b a n h o u s i n g
1 8
Commercial functions are
located on the ground floor.
The ground floor itself is
elevated by 0.5m to create
variety in heights along the
street view.
The first floor and
subsequent floors above it
protrude to shade the
ground commercial strip.
Each apartment block has
a variety of all 4 types of
apartments. From studios to
4 bedroom apartments.
1 9
u r b a n h o u s i n g
2 0
Dubai creek is the oldest settlement in dubai. This project is a
re-design of the al-khor area located along the creek. Its a high
density mixed use area with predominantly local residents.
0 4
2 1
O L D T O W N :
U R B A N
R E -
D E V E L O P M E N T
My re-design of the creek started with seperating the various functions into various parts of the site. The part
closest to the water is a boardwalk with stalls for selling local crafts and artifacts to tourists. The boardwark
pushes out at 3 different areas onto a maskeshift pier with seafood restaurants.
The second part of the site has the pre-existing banks and commercial towers. It is where the basement
parkings are located.
2 3
u r b a n r e d e v e l o p m e n t
2 4
2 5
u r b a n r e d e v e l o p m e n t
The 3rd part of the site is
composed of building like
this. Mainly residential with
commercial ground floor
functions. The tramway that
crosses the site
provides access to the
building blocks.
The street is shaded by the
protrusion on the first floor.
The trees along the street
also shade the pedestrian
path.
1850
The creek has
played a major
role in
economic
development
1860
Over time
shoreline
begins to
shape
1908
The creek
divided the city
into two
1938
The area
served as a
port for dhows
1970
massive
change in
construction
2 6
The density of the buildings is most concentrated along the creek and because less dense towards
the mainland.
There is a courtyard system in place for the larger building blocks. The buildings are higher and
shade the alleyways and the lower buildings adjascent to them
27
u r b a n r e d e v e l o p m e n t
The creek has played a major
role in the economic
development of the region
throughout history. It is
currently protected under
the the UNESCO Heritage
act. The site is located
around the buffer zone.
• Pedestrian friendly:
walkable access with shaded
streets.
• Pre-existing public trans-
port (RTA bus stps on site).
• Cultural significance due
to presence of UNESCO
heritage buffer zone.
• Created main accesses &
connections to the creek.
• Created landmarks and/or
nodes.
• Dead spaces have been
converted to public parks.
Block Boundary Sailboat Stations
Public Transport Vehicle Routes
Main Circulation Parks & Public Spaces
2 8
2 9
u r b a n r e d e v e l o p m e n t
3 0
This project involved designing an
effective and user friendly
wayfinding system for a
university campus. A study of the
human scale, graphic type and
color theory was applied.
I applied graphic techniques and
human factors to place the signage
and symbols in strategic
places where the users would most
lkely notice and understand the
signs and symbols. Big bold fonts
are used on the walls, stairs and
elevator doors. They have also
been designed to match the design
aethetic of a modern university
campus.
0 5
3 1
G R A P H I C
W A Y F I N D I N G
S Y S T E M
3 3
w a y f i n d i n g s y s t e m
3 4
3 5
w a y f i n d i n g s y s t e m
3 6
This was a 3rd year project
to design an elementary
school for children aged
5-12. The school has a
capacity of 300 students.
The classrooms are grouped
to facilitate modern teach-
ing techniques.
0 6
3 7
E L E M E N T A R Y
S C H O O L
e l e m e n t a r y s c h o o l
4 1
e l e m e n t a r y s c h o o l
4 2
43
e l e m e n t a r y s c h o o l
4 4
This project was a 2nd place
winner for the Smart City
Competition. My entry was a
proposal for a smartphone aspp
that combines the built
environment with technology.
A way for drivers to find free
available parking spaces near them
instead of driving around
creating more traffic. It could also
help the city strategically reduce
traffic by evening out available
parking spaces.
07
45
S M A R T C I T Y
P A R K I N G S Y S T E M
Step 1
App is used to reserve parking.
Drivers can view free spaces.
Step 4
The entire system is not connected
to the power grid of the building
but powered by solar panels.
Step 2
The Cuboid emerges out of the
ground to block out the space.
Step 3
Once the driver pulls out the
sensor makes the space available
again on the app.
4 6
s m a r t c i t y p a r k i n g
The Parking Cuboid has a geometric form and LCD lighting within its structure. It uses a hydraulic
mechanism of force powered by the solar panels mounted on the roof. This energy moves it in and out
of the floor slab. The choice of using solar panels is mainly specific to the climatic condition & rapid
daytime solar gain of the U.A.E & its neighboring regions.
47
These are the begining stages of
the design for a performing arts
center which will eventually be
the senior project of my final year
thesis.
The center features a concert hall,
auditoria, exhibition spaces,
studios and classrooms for
children.
The site is located adjasent to
downtown Dubai in the Al-Wasl &
Safa districts.
0 8
4 8
C O N C E P T U A L :
P E R F O R M A N C E
C E N T E R
49
5 0 5 1
5 2 5 3
The concept is
integrates the 3
major facets of the performance
art music, dance & theatre.
My approahc aims at creating
a transparency to the building
that allows onlookers insight
into the activity & energy pres-
ent within.
The concert hall, the auditoria
& the studios are essentially 3
seperate buildings that are
connected by the organic
circulation. The concert hall is
further emphasized by the the
height, shape and variation in
its roof structure.
5 4 5 5
5 6 5 7
5 8 5 9
6 0
p e r f o r m a n c e c e n t e r
6 1
6 2
p e r f o r m a n c e c e n t e r
6 3
6 4 6 5
6 6 6 6
6 7
p e r f o r m a n c e c e n t e r
6 8
6 9 7 0
7 1 7 2
7 3
p e r f o r m a n c e c e n t e r
74
7 5 7 6
The photos of architectural
elements included here show
contrast in materials, form, texture
, light and shadows.
They also emphasize the
exposure of the structure that
holds up man’s built environment
and show ways in which we as
users interact with them.
0 9 P H O T O G R A P H Y
p h o t o g r a p h y
7 9 8 0
p h o t o g r a p h y
8 1 8 3
: +971562012615
: safia.yahaya@gmail.com
: safiyayahaya.com
T
M
W

Safiya Yahaya-Student Portfolio

  • 1.
    S A FI Y A Y A H A Y A P O R T F O L I O
  • 2.
    S A FI Y A Y A H A Y A A R C H I T E C T U R A L D E S I G N ( B S C . H o n s . ) S A F I Y A Y A H A Y A . C O M + 9 7 1 ( 0 ) 5 6 2 0 1 2 6 1 5 Seemingly in my own world of doodles and drawings. I’ve had a pencil in my hand since I was young. When I started university I originally had the idea of going into art & graphic design. Then I discovered architecture. It was the perfect blend of art & engineering for me and I was hooked. A new way to show and share my passions. I do the work I do because I love it. I like the industry. I believe architecture shapes our communities and has the power to define the way we live as a society. My aim is to be able to work on projects where I can tap into my creative energy and help be a part of shaping today’s fast-paced world. S. Yahaya S a f i y a Y a h a y a . “ “
  • 3.
    “ The selectedphotographs, drawings, and graphics which make up this portfolio are my original work and personal property. I attest that the information and documents contained in this portfolio are true and reflect the knowledge, skills and abilities I have acquired. ”
  • 4.
    c o nt e n t 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 Kiosk 2nd place Najah competition. Housing Urban + Mass housing project. Resume Personal experience & skills. Urban Redevelopment Re-imagining Dubai Creek. Wayfinding System A graphic design for a campus. Elementary School A 3rd year school design. Smart City Parking System Smart city competition entry. Concept: Performance Center Conceptual thinking into a PAC. Photography Gallery of photography work.
  • 5.
    E d uc a t i o n + Tr a i n i n g 2011- 2015 2004-2010 Canadian University of Dubai. BSc. Architecture Dubai, U.A.E El-Amin Int’l School School Diploma Minna, Nigeria. R é s u m é ECOWAS - Diplomatic Observer • Documented presedential election in Mali. • Setting up polling centers. • Recorded & reported results to the organization. Y4Y Nigeria - Co-Founder A non-profit run by the youth focused on eradicat- ing illiteracy & promoting primary healthcare in less privi- ledged kids. • Organizing events & fundraisers. • Managing all the activi- ties of the organization 2010 2013 Wo r k E x p e r i e n c e 2013 A w a r d s + C e r t i f i c a t e s Fashion design & Illustration. Campustar fashion llt. 2nd Place- Smart City Design Canadian university of Dubai. Merit Award- Architecture Exhibition Canadian University of design 2014 2013 2013 S k i l l s + C o m p e t e n c i e s • Graphic drawings & illustrations. • Teamwork, organization, working under pressure, strong work ethic, time manage- ment skills, problem solving, ability to learn from critisim. • Languages : Fluent in English. • Vector programs : AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, Google Sketchup. Better Life Program for the African Woman - Volunteer • Reconstruction of their local public buildings. 2011 TEDx - Organizer TEDx conferences brings together the world’s most fascinating thinkers & doers in Technology Entertainment & Design, who are challenged to give the talk of their lives in 18 mins or less. • Selected speakers for talks & jury panel. • Interviewed volunteers, staff, & technicians.
  • 6.
    Project | Kiosk Date| April 2015 This is a recently completed competition entry that won 2nd place. This kiosk is supposed to function as an adaptable structure for the Canadian University of Dubai to use at the Najah exhibition in Dubai and to retain for future expo’s and functions. 02 0 3 N A J A H K I O S K
  • 7.
    The idea behindthe design was to translate the slogan “ a portal to canadian education” into a 3D form. The panels along the wall of the kiosk continue to change & progress in shape and size as the user moves through the “portal”. The profile of the wall panels are raised as they reach the back wall. Symbolic of reaching the end of the portal. 0 5 n a j a h k i o s k d e s i g n Step 1 Visualizing the portal as a 3-di- mensional form. Step Two Ribs are aligned to create a tunnel to move through the portal. Step Two The form is made geometric & cut open to create cross circulation. Step Two The roof forms a symbolic shelter over the whole structure. Step Two Roof extends to the partitions creating a unified structure. Step Two The lounge and meeting spaces are carved into the portal. 0 6 roof structure roof structure roof structure roof structure
  • 8.
    0 1 MainAccess 02 Secondary Access 0 3 Lounge 0 4 Meeting Areas 0 5 Information Desk 0 6 Storage/Technical Space The kiosk provides a lounge. 3 meeting areas, technical/storage space and a reception desk. There is additional digital interactive function incorporated into the central circulation space. The structure functions as an entire piece yet parts can be taken out to adapt it to different functions, environments & users. This creates a functional & aesthetically pleasing structure that represents the university. 07 n a j a h k i o s k d e s i g n 0 8
  • 9.
    Project | MediumDensity Housing estate Date | December 2013 This residential project was aimed at creating a feasible housing estate along sheikh zayed road of Dubai. It is a combination of medium density apartment blocks, villas & town houses. The site is located adjacent to the dubai metro and a city parking structure. The project focuses on trying to implement the reduced use of motor vehicles by transport by supplying the residents with limited parking spaces and creating RTA bus tops around the estate. 0 3 0 9 U R B A N H O U S I N G
  • 10.
    The housing blocksare interupted by social spaces and roundabouts that bring in commercial functions to the area. This makes it economically feasible. The apartment blocks have retail and commercial functions on the ground floor. It is important that the estate be mixed-use enough to prevent it either being completely deserted during the day time or congested with traffic during rush hour. The streets are designed as cresents to prevent a straight boring streetview. 1 1 u r b a n h o u s i n g 1 2
  • 11.
    1 3 u rb a n h o u s i n g 0 1 Part of Courtyard 02 Main Entrance 0 3 Lobby 0 4 Elevator 0 5 Apartments 1 4 01 02 03 04 05
  • 12.
    The town houseseach have their individual backyards and front porches. There are 3 different variations of townhouses in the estate. This creates variety and eliminates the repetiveness that can cause housing projects to become too monotonous. The streets have larger pedestrian walkways be- cause they include cycling tracks. The architecture of the town- houses is modernist with minimal features. 1 5 u r b a n h o u s i n g 1 6
  • 13.
    Building elements suchas louvres and shaders that work to keep the building cool in the summer time have been moved to the interior to minimize the elements on the facade. Windows are recessed to prevent the excessive solar gain of the hot & humid Dubai climate. The apartments are between 5 to 8 storeys. They are arranged in a courtyard configuration with a central public space with a playground and private ground parking spaces. 1 7 u r b a n h o u s i n g 1 8
  • 14.
    Commercial functions are locatedon the ground floor. The ground floor itself is elevated by 0.5m to create variety in heights along the street view. The first floor and subsequent floors above it protrude to shade the ground commercial strip. Each apartment block has a variety of all 4 types of apartments. From studios to 4 bedroom apartments. 1 9 u r b a n h o u s i n g 2 0
  • 15.
    Dubai creek isthe oldest settlement in dubai. This project is a re-design of the al-khor area located along the creek. Its a high density mixed use area with predominantly local residents. 0 4 2 1 O L D T O W N : U R B A N R E - D E V E L O P M E N T
  • 16.
    My re-design ofthe creek started with seperating the various functions into various parts of the site. The part closest to the water is a boardwalk with stalls for selling local crafts and artifacts to tourists. The boardwark pushes out at 3 different areas onto a maskeshift pier with seafood restaurants. The second part of the site has the pre-existing banks and commercial towers. It is where the basement parkings are located. 2 3 u r b a n r e d e v e l o p m e n t 2 4
  • 17.
    2 5 u rb a n r e d e v e l o p m e n t The 3rd part of the site is composed of building like this. Mainly residential with commercial ground floor functions. The tramway that crosses the site provides access to the building blocks. The street is shaded by the protrusion on the first floor. The trees along the street also shade the pedestrian path. 1850 The creek has played a major role in economic development 1860 Over time shoreline begins to shape 1908 The creek divided the city into two 1938 The area served as a port for dhows 1970 massive change in construction 2 6
  • 18.
    The density ofthe buildings is most concentrated along the creek and because less dense towards the mainland. There is a courtyard system in place for the larger building blocks. The buildings are higher and shade the alleyways and the lower buildings adjascent to them 27 u r b a n r e d e v e l o p m e n t The creek has played a major role in the economic development of the region throughout history. It is currently protected under the the UNESCO Heritage act. The site is located around the buffer zone. • Pedestrian friendly: walkable access with shaded streets. • Pre-existing public trans- port (RTA bus stps on site). • Cultural significance due to presence of UNESCO heritage buffer zone. • Created main accesses & connections to the creek. • Created landmarks and/or nodes. • Dead spaces have been converted to public parks. Block Boundary Sailboat Stations Public Transport Vehicle Routes Main Circulation Parks & Public Spaces 2 8
  • 19.
    2 9 u rb a n r e d e v e l o p m e n t 3 0
  • 20.
    This project involveddesigning an effective and user friendly wayfinding system for a university campus. A study of the human scale, graphic type and color theory was applied. I applied graphic techniques and human factors to place the signage and symbols in strategic places where the users would most lkely notice and understand the signs and symbols. Big bold fonts are used on the walls, stairs and elevator doors. They have also been designed to match the design aethetic of a modern university campus. 0 5 3 1 G R A P H I C W A Y F I N D I N G S Y S T E M
  • 21.
    3 3 w ay f i n d i n g s y s t e m 3 4
  • 22.
    3 5 w ay f i n d i n g s y s t e m 3 6
  • 23.
    This was a3rd year project to design an elementary school for children aged 5-12. The school has a capacity of 300 students. The classrooms are grouped to facilitate modern teach- ing techniques. 0 6 3 7 E L E M E N T A R Y S C H O O L
  • 24.
    e l em e n t a r y s c h o o l
  • 25.
    4 1 e le m e n t a r y s c h o o l 4 2
  • 26.
    43 e l em e n t a r y s c h o o l 4 4
  • 27.
    This project wasa 2nd place winner for the Smart City Competition. My entry was a proposal for a smartphone aspp that combines the built environment with technology. A way for drivers to find free available parking spaces near them instead of driving around creating more traffic. It could also help the city strategically reduce traffic by evening out available parking spaces. 07 45 S M A R T C I T Y P A R K I N G S Y S T E M
  • 28.
    Step 1 App isused to reserve parking. Drivers can view free spaces. Step 4 The entire system is not connected to the power grid of the building but powered by solar panels. Step 2 The Cuboid emerges out of the ground to block out the space. Step 3 Once the driver pulls out the sensor makes the space available again on the app. 4 6 s m a r t c i t y p a r k i n g The Parking Cuboid has a geometric form and LCD lighting within its structure. It uses a hydraulic mechanism of force powered by the solar panels mounted on the roof. This energy moves it in and out of the floor slab. The choice of using solar panels is mainly specific to the climatic condition & rapid daytime solar gain of the U.A.E & its neighboring regions. 47
  • 29.
    These are thebegining stages of the design for a performing arts center which will eventually be the senior project of my final year thesis. The center features a concert hall, auditoria, exhibition spaces, studios and classrooms for children. The site is located adjasent to downtown Dubai in the Al-Wasl & Safa districts. 0 8 4 8 C O N C E P T U A L : P E R F O R M A N C E C E N T E R 49
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
    The concept is integratesthe 3 major facets of the performance art music, dance & theatre. My approahc aims at creating a transparency to the building that allows onlookers insight into the activity & energy pres- ent within. The concert hall, the auditoria & the studios are essentially 3 seperate buildings that are connected by the organic circulation. The concert hall is further emphasized by the the height, shape and variation in its roof structure. 5 4 5 5
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
    6 0 p er f o r m a n c e c e n t e r 6 1
  • 36.
    6 2 p er f o r m a n c e c e n t e r 6 3
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
    6 7 p er f o r m a n c e c e n t e r 6 8
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
    7 3 p er f o r m a n c e c e n t e r 74
  • 43.
  • 44.
    The photos ofarchitectural elements included here show contrast in materials, form, texture , light and shadows. They also emphasize the exposure of the structure that holds up man’s built environment and show ways in which we as users interact with them. 0 9 P H O T O G R A P H Y
  • 45.
    p h ot o g r a p h y 7 9 8 0
  • 46.
    p h ot o g r a p h y 8 1 8 3
  • 47.