This is about portable natural water filter which we want to provide in disaster prone area at a low cost. We made it with locally available materials and used Moringa seeds to disinfect the bacteria.
Marine Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem.
“The introduction by man, directly, or indirectly, of substances or energy to the marine environment resulting in deleterious effects such as: hazards to human health, hindrance to marine activities, impairment of the quality of seawater for various uses and reduction of amenities.”-UN definition of marine pollution
Common man-made pollutants that reach the ocean include:
pesticides,
herbicides,
chemical fertilizers,
detergents,
oil,
sewage,
plastics,
and other solids.
Waste Water Treatment and Types of Treatment UsedNetsolGroup
Waste Water Treatment Process and Types of treatment Used
Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) / Sewage Treatment Plant to treat your wastewater which can be further reused
netsolwater_sewage treatment plant manufactre
The ETP, STP, demineralization plant, softeners, wastewater treatment plants, drinking water plants etc. the corporate features a huge number of clients list. the most aim of this company is to realize higher customer satisfaction by providing highest quality products and water services.
Surface water treatment involves several steps: (1) intake of water from rivers through screens and grit chambers, (2) addition of chemicals like chlorine, lime, and alum through rapid mixing, (3) coagulation through slow mixing to form and densify flocs, (4) settling of flocs in tanks, (5) filtration through granular materials to remove particles, and (6) disinfection through chlorination to remove pathogens before distribution. Proper treatment is essential to make surface water potable and safe for human consumption.
The document discusses various water purification techniques, including desalination methods like reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and distillation. It describes how reverse osmosis works using a semipermeable membrane to filter out solutes under pressure. Historical water purification methods are also discussed, such as techniques described in ancient Sanskrit documents like boiling, heating, or filtering water through sand and gravel. The benefits of reverse osmosis purification are provided, which completely removes contaminants and requires no energy. Additional water treatment methods covered include distillation, heating/boiling, filtration, chlorination, and ozonation.
The document discusses different types of water, including drinking water, hard water, soft water, mineral water, sparkling water, bottled water, spring water, reverse osmosis water, artesian water, boiled water, rain water, distilled water, and de-ionized water. Each type is defined and popular brand names are provided as examples. The types of water range from tap water and hard water high in minerals to processed waters like distilled, reverse osmosis, and de-ionized water that undergo filtration to remove contaminants.
hi guys!! here you can check out importance and history of water conservation in india in this ppt . you can also check traditional water conservation methods which were practised in different parts of india . this ppt also presenting famous water conservationists and their works along with guidelines.
Difference in spring water, natural mineral water & tap waterjal torque
“Waters obtained directly at the source and packaged close to the source; are characterized by the presence of certain mineral salts in relative proportions and trace elements or other constituents. It may be naturally carbonated (with carbon dioxide from the source), carbonated (with added carbon dioxide of another origin), de carbonated (with less carbon dioxide than present in the water at the source so it does not spontaneously give off carbon dioxide under conditions of standard temperature and pressure), or fortified (with carbon dioxide from the source), and non-carbonated (contains no free carbon dioxide)”. For More Details - Click Here.
Marine Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem.
“The introduction by man, directly, or indirectly, of substances or energy to the marine environment resulting in deleterious effects such as: hazards to human health, hindrance to marine activities, impairment of the quality of seawater for various uses and reduction of amenities.”-UN definition of marine pollution
Common man-made pollutants that reach the ocean include:
pesticides,
herbicides,
chemical fertilizers,
detergents,
oil,
sewage,
plastics,
and other solids.
Waste Water Treatment and Types of Treatment UsedNetsolGroup
Waste Water Treatment Process and Types of treatment Used
Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) / Sewage Treatment Plant to treat your wastewater which can be further reused
netsolwater_sewage treatment plant manufactre
The ETP, STP, demineralization plant, softeners, wastewater treatment plants, drinking water plants etc. the corporate features a huge number of clients list. the most aim of this company is to realize higher customer satisfaction by providing highest quality products and water services.
Surface water treatment involves several steps: (1) intake of water from rivers through screens and grit chambers, (2) addition of chemicals like chlorine, lime, and alum through rapid mixing, (3) coagulation through slow mixing to form and densify flocs, (4) settling of flocs in tanks, (5) filtration through granular materials to remove particles, and (6) disinfection through chlorination to remove pathogens before distribution. Proper treatment is essential to make surface water potable and safe for human consumption.
The document discusses various water purification techniques, including desalination methods like reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and distillation. It describes how reverse osmosis works using a semipermeable membrane to filter out solutes under pressure. Historical water purification methods are also discussed, such as techniques described in ancient Sanskrit documents like boiling, heating, or filtering water through sand and gravel. The benefits of reverse osmosis purification are provided, which completely removes contaminants and requires no energy. Additional water treatment methods covered include distillation, heating/boiling, filtration, chlorination, and ozonation.
The document discusses different types of water, including drinking water, hard water, soft water, mineral water, sparkling water, bottled water, spring water, reverse osmosis water, artesian water, boiled water, rain water, distilled water, and de-ionized water. Each type is defined and popular brand names are provided as examples. The types of water range from tap water and hard water high in minerals to processed waters like distilled, reverse osmosis, and de-ionized water that undergo filtration to remove contaminants.
hi guys!! here you can check out importance and history of water conservation in india in this ppt . you can also check traditional water conservation methods which were practised in different parts of india . this ppt also presenting famous water conservationists and their works along with guidelines.
Difference in spring water, natural mineral water & tap waterjal torque
“Waters obtained directly at the source and packaged close to the source; are characterized by the presence of certain mineral salts in relative proportions and trace elements or other constituents. It may be naturally carbonated (with carbon dioxide from the source), carbonated (with added carbon dioxide of another origin), de carbonated (with less carbon dioxide than present in the water at the source so it does not spontaneously give off carbon dioxide under conditions of standard temperature and pressure), or fortified (with carbon dioxide from the source), and non-carbonated (contains no free carbon dioxide)”. For More Details - Click Here.
The document discusses various causes of water pollution including sewage, garbage dumping, agricultural runoff, and industrial waste. It notes that water pollution can come from point sources like sewage outflows or non-point sources like agricultural fields. It provides examples of industries like chemical plants and thermal power plants polluting water. It also discusses how both natural processes and human activities can introduce harmful chemicals into groundwater and surface water.
Melbourne Water supplies potable water to Melbourne through a treatment process and distribution system. It treats water from protected catchment areas with disinfection only, while water from open catchment areas requires additional filtration due to public access. Melbourne Water owns reservoirs that store treated water before gravity or pumping distributes it through pipes. As an alternative source, desalinated seawater undergoes reverse osmosis before mixing with reservoir water.
Thermal pollution occurs when human activities, like power plants and factories, release excess heat into natural bodies of water, increasing their temperature. This disrupts local ecosystems by lowering dissolved oxygen levels and increasing toxins and metabolic rates in aquatic organisms. While cooling ponds, towers, and water recycling can help control thermal pollution, many industries still directly discharge waste heat without treatment, threatening biodiversity. Increased awareness of thermal pollution's impacts is needed to better address the issue.
The document discusses water treatment processes used to purify raw water for domestic use. It describes how various impurities like leaves, silt, and microorganisms are removed through screens, sedimentation, coagulation, and filtration. The objectives of water treatment are to treat water from available sources, improve quality by removing unpleasant tastes/odors, and remove harmful matters. Key processes include chemical coagulation and flocculation to remove suspended and colloidal particles, and granular media filtration using slow sand or rapid filters to further remove turbidity and microbes. Slow sand filters are effective at microbial reduction without pretreatment, while rapid filters require coagulation for over 90% removal of enteric microbes.
This document provides an overview of water quality parameters for water treatment. It discusses the importance of water quality for drinking water and outlines several physical, chemical, and biological parameters that are used to define water quality. These include turbidity, color, temperature, tastes and odors, total solids, alkalinity, pH, and more. The document also gives information on analytical testing methods for various parameters and how treatment processes can be used to improve water quality.
Water treatment describes processes used to make water acceptable for various uses like drinking, industrial processes, and medical uses. The goal is to remove or reduce contaminants to fit the intended use. Processes can include physical separation methods like settling and filtration, chemical processes like disinfection and coagulation, and biological processes for wastewater. Factors in selecting treatment processes include the raw water quality, intended use, desired water quality, system size and cost. Common water treatment processes are pretreatment, coagulation, rapid mixing, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and softening.
Waste water treatment is a process that removes contaminants from wastewater in order to convert it into effluent that can be reused. The treatment process takes place in waste water treatment plants and involves preliminary, primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of treatment. Proper treatment of wastewater is important for public health, wildlife habitats, and water quality. Untreated wastewater can pollute water sources and spread diseases. The treatment process removes pollutants using physical, chemical, and biological methods.
This presentation includes the basic introduction to sewage/ wastewater, quantity estimation, the basic terms commonly used in the sewerage system, Types of sewer, sewage, and sewerage system.
This document discusses water pollution, including its types, causes, effects, and methods of control. It defines water pollution as the contamination of water bodies by pollutants directly or indirectly discharged without treatment. The three main types are biological, chemical, and physical pollution. Major causes include industrial waste, sewage, oil spills, radioactive waste, and agricultural chemicals. Effects comprise damaged ecosystems, animal deaths, and health issues for humans. Water pollution prevention aims to protect water resources through measures like wastewater treatment and drinking water standards.
Water scarcity is a growing problem in India due to rising population, overexploitation of resources, and poor management. The document discusses how India's growing population and economy are straining limited water supplies, with demand expected to exceed availability by 2025. It provides details on water scarcity specifically in Tamil Nadu, where less than 500 cubic meters of water is available per person annually and groundwater levels are falling dramatically. The key impacts of water scarcity mentioned are drought, crop failure, unemployment, and conflicts over access to water.
This document provides details on a proposal for a 10,000 gallon per day reverse osmosis drinking water treatment plant, including a list of the system components, process description, scope of supply, technical specifications, terms and conditions. The key points are:
- The system uses various filtration stages including sand filters, carbon filters and micron filters followed by RO treatment to produce high purity drinking water from raw water.
- The scope of supply includes pumps, filters, RO membranes, vessels, instruments and other equipment for a complete 10,000 GPD plant.
- Technical specifications are provided for each major component.
- Terms include a price of 950,000 rupees, 4 week
This presentation discusses water pollution. It covers the types of water pollution including inorganic, organic, and biologic pollutants. The causes of water pollution are discussed as rural homes, city development, factories, and wastewater treatment plants. The effects of water pollution include toxic drinking water and health problems. Solutions presented are desalination, improving irrigation and collection efficiency, using less water, and sewage treatment systems. The presentation concludes by emphasizing the 3 R's of refuse, recycle, and reduce to prevent further water pollution.
Desalination can be defined as any process that removes salts from water. Desalination processes may be used in municipal, industrial, or commercial applications. With improvements in technology. Today there are two main types of desalination technologies – membrane (RO) and thermal (MED, MVC and MSF) desalination.
This document summarizes key parameters for characterizing wastewater: pH, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biological oxygen demand (BOD). It provides the typical ranges for these parameters in wastewater and describes the methods for measuring each one, such as using electrodes to measure pH, filtering samples to determine TSS, and titration methods for COD and BOD. Maintaining these parameters within the given ranges is important for ensuring good water quality.
Wastewater treatment involves several stages to manage water discharged from homes and industries. It includes preliminary treatment to remove large objects, primary treatment using sedimentation to remove solids, secondary treatment using bacteria to remove organic waste, and tertiary treatment using methods like UV light or ozonation to further disinfect water before discharge or reuse. The goal is to reduce threats to water sources by eliminating smells, removing solid content, and destroying disease-causing microorganisms.
The document summarizes various topics related to water pollution including:
- Types of water pollutants such as bacteria, chemicals, and excess heat.
- Sources of water pollution including agriculture, industry, mining, urban and suburban development.
- Effects of pollution on surface water bodies like streams, lakes, rivers and oceans. Groundwater is also impacted by pollution.
- Technological solutions and regulations that have helped reduce water pollution in some areas but it remains a serious problem, especially in developing nations. Prevention is key to protecting water resources.
Primary waste water treatment powerpointb presntationkanchan jadon
This ppt basically depends on primary waste water treatment. It gives brief description about what is water treatment,sources of waste water,types of waste water basically mostly focus on primary treatment like screening,types of screening,description on every type of screens, grit removal,communator,primary sedimentation.
Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water. It is determined by measuring various parameters and comparing them to standards for different intended uses like drinking water, recreation, agriculture, and ecosystem health. Assessing water quality involves understanding natural and human factors that can influence contaminant levels. Monitoring programs and technologies help evaluate water quality over time and inform policies to protect water resources and public health.
This document contains a chat message discussion between a customer and a representative from Red Chief, an online retailer of shoes and other clothing items. The customer asks several questions about product details, sizing, delivery, and discounts. The representative provides information about sizing guides, contacting sales representatives for additional details, delivery timelines, return policies, and future discount offers. They also share care tips for shoes and feet.
This document summarizes the features and use of a portable water purifier. The purifier uses a micro extruded filter mixed with activated carbon, resin, and silver compounds to purify tap water. It can purify 2000-4000 liters of water through elimination of impurities without boiling. The non-replaceable filter has a lifespan of 3-5 years. The purifier is easy to use and maintain and is portable for situations where clean drinking water is needed such as homes, travel, or military drills.
The document discusses various causes of water pollution including sewage, garbage dumping, agricultural runoff, and industrial waste. It notes that water pollution can come from point sources like sewage outflows or non-point sources like agricultural fields. It provides examples of industries like chemical plants and thermal power plants polluting water. It also discusses how both natural processes and human activities can introduce harmful chemicals into groundwater and surface water.
Melbourne Water supplies potable water to Melbourne through a treatment process and distribution system. It treats water from protected catchment areas with disinfection only, while water from open catchment areas requires additional filtration due to public access. Melbourne Water owns reservoirs that store treated water before gravity or pumping distributes it through pipes. As an alternative source, desalinated seawater undergoes reverse osmosis before mixing with reservoir water.
Thermal pollution occurs when human activities, like power plants and factories, release excess heat into natural bodies of water, increasing their temperature. This disrupts local ecosystems by lowering dissolved oxygen levels and increasing toxins and metabolic rates in aquatic organisms. While cooling ponds, towers, and water recycling can help control thermal pollution, many industries still directly discharge waste heat without treatment, threatening biodiversity. Increased awareness of thermal pollution's impacts is needed to better address the issue.
The document discusses water treatment processes used to purify raw water for domestic use. It describes how various impurities like leaves, silt, and microorganisms are removed through screens, sedimentation, coagulation, and filtration. The objectives of water treatment are to treat water from available sources, improve quality by removing unpleasant tastes/odors, and remove harmful matters. Key processes include chemical coagulation and flocculation to remove suspended and colloidal particles, and granular media filtration using slow sand or rapid filters to further remove turbidity and microbes. Slow sand filters are effective at microbial reduction without pretreatment, while rapid filters require coagulation for over 90% removal of enteric microbes.
This document provides an overview of water quality parameters for water treatment. It discusses the importance of water quality for drinking water and outlines several physical, chemical, and biological parameters that are used to define water quality. These include turbidity, color, temperature, tastes and odors, total solids, alkalinity, pH, and more. The document also gives information on analytical testing methods for various parameters and how treatment processes can be used to improve water quality.
Water treatment describes processes used to make water acceptable for various uses like drinking, industrial processes, and medical uses. The goal is to remove or reduce contaminants to fit the intended use. Processes can include physical separation methods like settling and filtration, chemical processes like disinfection and coagulation, and biological processes for wastewater. Factors in selecting treatment processes include the raw water quality, intended use, desired water quality, system size and cost. Common water treatment processes are pretreatment, coagulation, rapid mixing, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and softening.
Waste water treatment is a process that removes contaminants from wastewater in order to convert it into effluent that can be reused. The treatment process takes place in waste water treatment plants and involves preliminary, primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of treatment. Proper treatment of wastewater is important for public health, wildlife habitats, and water quality. Untreated wastewater can pollute water sources and spread diseases. The treatment process removes pollutants using physical, chemical, and biological methods.
This presentation includes the basic introduction to sewage/ wastewater, quantity estimation, the basic terms commonly used in the sewerage system, Types of sewer, sewage, and sewerage system.
This document discusses water pollution, including its types, causes, effects, and methods of control. It defines water pollution as the contamination of water bodies by pollutants directly or indirectly discharged without treatment. The three main types are biological, chemical, and physical pollution. Major causes include industrial waste, sewage, oil spills, radioactive waste, and agricultural chemicals. Effects comprise damaged ecosystems, animal deaths, and health issues for humans. Water pollution prevention aims to protect water resources through measures like wastewater treatment and drinking water standards.
Water scarcity is a growing problem in India due to rising population, overexploitation of resources, and poor management. The document discusses how India's growing population and economy are straining limited water supplies, with demand expected to exceed availability by 2025. It provides details on water scarcity specifically in Tamil Nadu, where less than 500 cubic meters of water is available per person annually and groundwater levels are falling dramatically. The key impacts of water scarcity mentioned are drought, crop failure, unemployment, and conflicts over access to water.
This document provides details on a proposal for a 10,000 gallon per day reverse osmosis drinking water treatment plant, including a list of the system components, process description, scope of supply, technical specifications, terms and conditions. The key points are:
- The system uses various filtration stages including sand filters, carbon filters and micron filters followed by RO treatment to produce high purity drinking water from raw water.
- The scope of supply includes pumps, filters, RO membranes, vessels, instruments and other equipment for a complete 10,000 GPD plant.
- Technical specifications are provided for each major component.
- Terms include a price of 950,000 rupees, 4 week
This presentation discusses water pollution. It covers the types of water pollution including inorganic, organic, and biologic pollutants. The causes of water pollution are discussed as rural homes, city development, factories, and wastewater treatment plants. The effects of water pollution include toxic drinking water and health problems. Solutions presented are desalination, improving irrigation and collection efficiency, using less water, and sewage treatment systems. The presentation concludes by emphasizing the 3 R's of refuse, recycle, and reduce to prevent further water pollution.
Desalination can be defined as any process that removes salts from water. Desalination processes may be used in municipal, industrial, or commercial applications. With improvements in technology. Today there are two main types of desalination technologies – membrane (RO) and thermal (MED, MVC and MSF) desalination.
This document summarizes key parameters for characterizing wastewater: pH, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biological oxygen demand (BOD). It provides the typical ranges for these parameters in wastewater and describes the methods for measuring each one, such as using electrodes to measure pH, filtering samples to determine TSS, and titration methods for COD and BOD. Maintaining these parameters within the given ranges is important for ensuring good water quality.
Wastewater treatment involves several stages to manage water discharged from homes and industries. It includes preliminary treatment to remove large objects, primary treatment using sedimentation to remove solids, secondary treatment using bacteria to remove organic waste, and tertiary treatment using methods like UV light or ozonation to further disinfect water before discharge or reuse. The goal is to reduce threats to water sources by eliminating smells, removing solid content, and destroying disease-causing microorganisms.
The document summarizes various topics related to water pollution including:
- Types of water pollutants such as bacteria, chemicals, and excess heat.
- Sources of water pollution including agriculture, industry, mining, urban and suburban development.
- Effects of pollution on surface water bodies like streams, lakes, rivers and oceans. Groundwater is also impacted by pollution.
- Technological solutions and regulations that have helped reduce water pollution in some areas but it remains a serious problem, especially in developing nations. Prevention is key to protecting water resources.
Primary waste water treatment powerpointb presntationkanchan jadon
This ppt basically depends on primary waste water treatment. It gives brief description about what is water treatment,sources of waste water,types of waste water basically mostly focus on primary treatment like screening,types of screening,description on every type of screens, grit removal,communator,primary sedimentation.
Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water. It is determined by measuring various parameters and comparing them to standards for different intended uses like drinking water, recreation, agriculture, and ecosystem health. Assessing water quality involves understanding natural and human factors that can influence contaminant levels. Monitoring programs and technologies help evaluate water quality over time and inform policies to protect water resources and public health.
This document contains a chat message discussion between a customer and a representative from Red Chief, an online retailer of shoes and other clothing items. The customer asks several questions about product details, sizing, delivery, and discounts. The representative provides information about sizing guides, contacting sales representatives for additional details, delivery timelines, return policies, and future discount offers. They also share care tips for shoes and feet.
This document summarizes the features and use of a portable water purifier. The purifier uses a micro extruded filter mixed with activated carbon, resin, and silver compounds to purify tap water. It can purify 2000-4000 liters of water through elimination of impurities without boiling. The non-replaceable filter has a lifespan of 3-5 years. The purifier is easy to use and maintain and is portable for situations where clean drinking water is needed such as homes, travel, or military drills.
New Technologies for Water Purification, Ion Exchange(India) LimitedIndia Water Portal
Presentation at the Seminar on Packaged Water Industry in India which was organised by Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) on 30th June 2009.
To know more click on the link http://indiawaterportal.org/post/6790
We thank CII and the presenters for giving us permission to make these presentations available online.
Waste water treatment involves three main stages: primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment. Primary treatment involves physical processes like screening, sedimentation, and flotation to remove solids. Secondary treatment uses microorganisms in aerobic processes like activated sludge to break down organic waste. Tertiary treatment provides additional removal of nutrients or other pollutants through chemical or biological methods. Proper treatment of effluent is necessary before discharge to reduce environmental impacts.
1) Water treatment involves ensuring a safe and clean drinking water supply. It requires identifying a water source and protecting it from contamination through appropriate treatment and distribution.
2) Conventional drinking water treatment typically includes aeration, coagulation/flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. It aims to remove microbes, particles, dissolved solids and other pollutants.
3) The key processes involve adding coagulants to neutralize particle charges, forming flocs for removal via sedimentation and filtration. Chlorine is commonly used for disinfection but produces disinfection byproducts, so alternatives like chloramines and ozone are also used.
This document discusses wastewater treatment. It defines wastewater as used water that contains food scraps, oils, soaps, and human and industrial wastes. Wastewater is treated at a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) through primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment stages to remove pollutants. Primary treatment removes large solid objects, secondary treatment uses biological processes like activated sludge to remove dissolved and suspended organic matter, and tertiary treatment uses disinfection like chlorination to kill pathogens. The goal of wastewater treatment is to recycle water for reuse and protect public health and aquatic environments.
The document summarizes various stages of wastewater treatment processes. It discusses preliminary treatment which removes solids, grit, and grease. Primary treatment uses sedimentation to remove 60% of suspended solids. Secondary treatment uses biological processes like activated sludge and oxidation ditches to remove organic matter. Tertiary treatment further removes nutrients and particles through processes like filtration and disinfection. The document provides details on the treatment units and processes involved at each stage of wastewater treatment.
The document discusses a student project that aims to study the effect of biodegradable material and particulate matter in effluent treatment processes for a particular industry. The project was carried out by 4 students and guided by 2 faculty members. It includes an abstract, introduction, list of materials required, and various design thinking canvases used in the project methodology. The canvases explore empathy mapping, product development, activities-attributes-interactions-objects-users framework, ideation, and mind mapping. The overall goal is to reduce waste in effluent treatment and maximize water reuse.
IRJET- Development of a Series Filtration Water Treatment Method for Small Co...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study that developed a series filtration water treatment method using local materials for filter media to provide clean drinking water for small communities. The method uses a layered filter with gravel, sand, crushed coconut shells and coconut husk. Testing of the filter effluent found a considerable reduction in turbidity, total solids, pH, hardness and color intensity compared to the raw water, demonstrating the effectiveness of this low-cost filtration approach.
1) The document discusses sustainable wastewater treatment, including categories of wastewater sources and types.
2) It describes the various stages of wastewater treatment - screening and primary treatment to remove solids, secondary treatment using biological processes, and tertiary treatment to remove additional contaminants.
3) Challenges in wastewater treatment are addressed, such as aging infrastructure and the need for funding, as well as solutions like upgrading pumps and optimizing aeration.
Wastewater treatment is important to manage contaminated water and protect human health. There are various stages of treatment - preliminary to remove solids, primary to remove 60-70% of settleable solids, secondary using microorganisms for biological treatment, and tertiary to further reduce nutrients. Rio de Janeiro upgraded its treatment plant using Dutch Nereda technology, which treats wastewater from 480,000 people in a sustainable three-stage process without chemicals. Challenges include odor, aging infrastructure, and funding, which require strategic planning like creating standards, awareness, learning from other countries, and developing new technologies.
This document discusses sustainable wastewater treatment. It begins by defining wastewater and its sources. There are then four main stages of treatment: preliminary, primary, secondary, and tertiary. Preliminary treatment screens out solids, primary uses settling and skimming to remove other particles, secondary uses bacteria to break down organic matter, and tertiary can remove remaining impurities. The case study discusses Rio de Janeiro's efforts to treat sewage discharged into Guanabara Bay using the Nereda system, an aerobic granular sludge process. Advantages include producing clean water and methane for energy, while disadvantages include high costs and potential environmental impacts if not properly handled. Proper maintenance is also important for plant
Building Material - wastewater treatmentSze Ting Kuek
This document discusses sustainable wastewater treatment. It begins by defining wastewater and its sources. There are then four main stages of treatment: preliminary, primary, secondary, and tertiary. Preliminary treatment screens out solids, primary uses settling and skimming to remove other particles, secondary uses bacteria to break down organic matter, and tertiary can remove remaining impurities. The case study discusses Rio de Janeiro's efforts to treat sewage discharged into Guanabara Bay using the Nereda technology, a new treatment plant. Advantages include clean water and energy production from sludge, while disadvantages include high costs and potential environmental impacts if not managed properly. Proper maintenance is also important for plant operations.
Safe Drinking Water and Proper Sanitation Facilities in India discusses the poor sanitation conditions in India. Only 30% of sewage water is treated, with the rest polluting water sources. 75% of surface water is polluted, largely due to untreated sewage. Solutions proposed include low-cost water purification methods like solar disinfection, spring boxes, and ecological sanitation toilets. Improving sanitation requires raising awareness, providing affordable options, and monitoring programs.
RECYCLING OF GREY WATER INTO USABLE WATER BY USING NATURAL MATERIALSvivatechijri
Recycling of Grey water generated from different industries by using the natural filter materials
and making the water reusable for sanitary and irrigation purposes. The aim is to reduce the costly recyclable
process of grey water to its minimum cost, hence making it suitable for village and low-income areaswhen such
water can be treated at place with less cost and by achieving almost same quality of water. In view of rising
concern about pollution of water bodies due to discharge of waste in them, itis necessary to initiate alternative
thinking as conventional methodsthrough Sewage treatment Plants have had limited success. In Rural areas we
have some natural materials which can purify the water if used properly. In recent years many techniques by
using such natural filters for purifying Grey water had came up. It treats the wastewater in natural manner
without the use of chemicals. In short, the method used for this project is the improved method of using natural
materials for recycling Grey water and obtaining best quality of recycled Grey water. The main objective of
present research work is to provide and popularize a simple, feasible, practically sound, ecofriendly and costeffective technology for wastewatertreatment. In this filterthe filtration is done by gravitationalforce. By using
such Techniques, the load on the sewage impact will be reduced and will be converted into useable water for
sanitary, gardening and irrigation purposes
This document summarizes a research paper on a solar water purifier. It begins with an abstract stating that access to clean water is important for health but many areas lack access to water treatment due to cost or electricity issues. The proposed system uses solar energy to power a water purifier with filters to remove bacteria and impurities. It is intended to provide affordable purified drinking water for all. The document then reviews traditional water treatment methods and existing solar purification systems before describing the objectives and components of the proposed solar water purifier in more detail.
This document presents a student group's project on developing biodegradable drainage patches for manhole covers. The patches are meant to degrade quickly during heavy rains, allowing water to drain and preventing street closures. The group conducted activities comparing biodegradable materials and measuring degradation rates. Their proposed product would use starch foam, starch, gelatin and newspapers to create patches treated with pesticide powder. Testing showed the patches would degrade fast enough to drain water as intended. The group recommends small-scale implementation and adoption by Qatari municipalities. They thank their teachers, school and Al-Bairaq partners for support on this project.
IRJET- Experimental Work by Vacuum Methodology Study on Waste WaterIRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental study on wastewater treatment using vacuum filtration methodology. The study collected wastewater from residential areas and treated it using reverse osmosis (RO) filtration to purify the water by removing contaminants. Testing showed that the RO filter was able to absorb 3-5 liters of water per hour. The treated water was then suitable for reuse applications like gardening. Vacuum filtration was used to rapidly draw the wastewater through a filter. Activated carbon filtration was also utilized to remove gases, smoke particles, bacteria, chemicals and other pollutants from the water. The treated water met purity standards for reuse after processing the wastewater through the RO filtration system.
The document discusses using a bio-enzyme produced from fermented fruit and vegetable waste to treat polluted fresh water bodies. It describes how the bio-enzyme was produced and used to treat ponds in India, resulting in improved water quality as measured by decreased BOD, COD and increased DO levels. The treatment involved both using the bio-enzyme and physical cleaning of the ponds.
Hydrologic is a social enterprise in Cambodia that manufactures and sells water filters. It began in 2001 as a program run by an NGO to provide affordable water treatment, and became a private company called Hydrologic in 2010. Hydrologic has dual objectives of financial success and positive social impact through improved public health, environmental protection, and economic opportunity in rural Cambodia. It sells over 400,000 filters to date, benefiting nearly 2 million people, and remains profitable through sales of two filter models, manufacturing at its own factory, and distribution through NGOs, retail stores, and a direct sales force.
Eco-friendly champion! HDPE sheets reduce landfill waste & protect our water. Made from recycled plastics, they require less energy & are built to last. Choose green & play tough on the court.
This document is a seminar report on the use of effluent treatment plants (ETPs) and sewage treatment plants (STPs) in wastewater treatment. It discusses the need for ETPs and STPs to purify wastewater and remove contaminants. It provides details on the processes involved in ETPs and STPs, including various treatment units like screens, grit chambers, aeration tanks, sedimentation tanks, filters and disinfection. The report highlights the advantages of ETPs and STPs in reducing pollution and enabling water reuse. It concludes that wastewater treatment through ETPs and STPs is important for environmental protection and sustainable development.
The document discusses solutions for providing clean drinking water and sanitation in India. It outlines several proposed models, including establishing reverse osmosis plants at the community level with funding from CSR initiatives or PPPs. Desalination plants along coastal areas and household solutions like chlorination or ceramic filters are also proposed. To address open defecation, the document recommends SHG-managed public toilets, ecosan toilets, and extensive awareness programs in schools and through media. Financial support could come from CSR, communities, or the state depending on the solution. Sustainability and persuading industries are obstacles to these solutions.
Low Cost Filtration For Grey water With Constructed WetlandIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on low-cost filtration of greywater using constructed wetlands. Greywater refers to wastewater from bathrooms, laundry, and kitchens excluding toilet waste. Constructed wetlands provide natural wastewater treatment through physical, chemical, and biological processes between water, soil, plants, microorganisms and the environment. The study aims to find an affordable solution for greywater treatment. A survey found washing machines contributed the most (76%) greywater, followed by bathrooms (21%) and kitchens (3%). Parameters like pH, turbidity, BOD, COD were tested to analyze greywater quality before and after treatment in constructed wetlands. The wetlands provide filtration through soil and
The document summarizes a trickling filter wastewater treatment process. A trickling filter uses media like rocks or plastic to promote microbial growth for breaking down organic matter in wastewater. Wastewater is distributed over the media through nozzles where microorganisms attached to the media degrade the organic matter. Trickling filters offer advantages of low energy use, simple operation, and cost effectiveness but also have limitations like odor, media clogging, and limited nutrient removal requiring additional treatment.
IRJET- Development of a Series Filtration Water Treatment Method for Small Co...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the development of a series filtration water treatment method for small communities using local materials. It discusses how over a billion people lack access to clean water and series filtration using natural materials like coconut husk and shells could provide a low-cost solution. The document summarizes several research papers that studied using coconut materials as filter media and capping materials to improve filtration efficiency and reduce costs for treating surface water for small, rural communities.
The document discusses methods of water purification on both large and small scales. On a large scale, purification involves storage, filtration using slow sand or rapid sand filters, and disinfection through boiling, chemicals like bleaching powder and chlorine, or filtration. On a small scale, common methods are boiling, sunlight exposure, and chlorination using household bleach. In Pokhara, the main method used by the water corporation is chemical treatment using bleaching powder at the water supply centers.
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
2. A specific environmental problem of our choosing is Managing Palatable
Water Crisis in Disaster Prone Areas
3. During emergency situation :
• Surface water become turbid and
may contain biological contaminants.
• Water become aesthetically
unpleasant.
• People want fast, cheap and
effective solution.
4. To fulfill the demand of drinking water in emergency situation, our proposed
solution is . . .
PORTABLE NATURAL WATER FILTER
5. Required Materials :
Plastic bottle Wash cloth/Filter paper Coal/Activated Charcoal
Coarse Aggregate Moringa Seeds Fine Sand
7. Cost to make Portable Natural Water Filter:
Total cost to make one Portable Natural Water Filter is Tk 18 to
Tk 25 only
Business Rational :
• Immensely useful for people who cannot afford modern
filters.
• It can replace or work alongside with costly filtration devices
that become useless during emergency situation.
8. Feasibility :
• Can be carried out in mass production.
• Materials are locally available and cheap.
• Can be set up within a short duration.
9. Strengths :
• Manufacturers may show immense interest due to the involvement of so little cost to
make one unit of this product.
• This project does not involve the inclusion of materials that are hard to make or
refine.
• The idea of portable filter is relatively new in Bangladesh. So, it will gain some
interest from experts in the area of water management and purification.
• A thought is put in the project to increase the device’s performance for biological
contaminants removal. This is done by adding an extra layer of crushed moringa seeds
to the filter medium to enhance the process.
Limitations :
• This method of filtration may not remove all waste water parameter.
• Some other methods of purification are required if the resulting filtered water from
this device is claimed to be 100% safe. Some other methods involve: halogen/chlorine
tablet, keeping it in sunlight, boiling and so on.
11. Impacts :
• Many poor people from rural areas who are affected by natural
disaster will have access to clean drinking water as quickly as
possible.
• People will suffer less from waterborne diseases.
• It will be able to recover economic water crisis.