This document defines and classifies different forms and technical aspects of poetry. It discusses the following: - The two main classes of poetry are personal/subjective poetry, which is self-expression, and impersonal/objective poetry, which is representation or creation. The latter includes narrative and dramatic poetry. - Common poetic forms are discussed, including lyric, elegy, sonnet, ode, ballad, and epic. - Technical aspects that give poetry its musical qualities are defined, such as meter, rhythm, sound devices like rhyme and alliteration, and imagery created through figures of speech appealing to the five senses. - Figures of speech like simile, metaphor, and personification

2. JOHNSON
A Metrical
composition; it is
the art of uniting
pleasure with truth
by calling
imagination with
the help of reason.

3. CLASSES OF POETRY
• Personal or Subjective Poetry: Poetry of self
delineation and self expression.
• Impersonal or Objective Poetry: Poetry of
representation or creation. Two groups
 The Narrative
The Dramatic

5. • Lyric:- Expresses an emotion or an idea or
describes a scene
• Elegy:- Mournful poem, lamenting the death
of someone love and lost.
• Sonnet:- A fourteen line poem with a specific
rhyme scheme. Italian Poem meaning little
sound.
• Ode:- A form of address, dignified in
subjective matter, feeling and style.
Personal or Subjective

6. Impersonal or Objective
The Narrative
• Ballad:- Short story in verse
• Epic:- Heroic Poem which recounts
a great event in an elevated and
grand style.
• English Narratives:

7. 7
Technical Aspects of Poetry
• Meter
• Rhythm
• Imagery
• Form

8. METER
A pattern of stressed and unstressed
syllables.
Meter occurs when the stressed and
unstressed syllables of the words in a
poem are arranged in a repeating
pattern.

9. 9
Rhythm
• Gives poetry a musical
feel.
• Can be fast or slow,
depending on mood
and subject of poem.

10. 10
• Rhyme
• Repetition
• Alliteration
• Onomatopoeia
Sound Devices include
Sound

11. 11
Rhyme
• Rhymes are words
that end with the
same sound. (Hat,
cat and bat rhyme.)
The snake slithered
silently along the sunny
sidewalk.

12. 12
Repetition
• Repetition occurs
when poets repeat
words, phrases, or
lines in a poem.
• Creates a pattern.
• Increases rhythm.
• Strengthens feelings,
ideas and mood in a
poem.

13. 13
Onomatopoeia
• Words that represent the actual sound of
something are words of onomatopoeia.
Alliteration
•Use of same sound or letter at the
beginning of words
•Applied only to consonants'.

14. 14
Imagery
Five Senses
Imagery is the use of words
to create pictures, or
images, in your mind.
Appeals to the five senses:
smell, sight, hearing, taste
and touch.
To create vivid images
writers use figures of
speech.

15. 15
Figures of Speech
• Figures of speech are tools that
writers use to create images, or
“paint pictures,” in your mind.
• Similes, metaphors, and
personification are three
figures of speech that create
imagery.

16. 16
Simile
• A simile compares two
things using the words
“like” or “as.”
Metaphor
• A metaphor compares two
things without using the
words “like” or “as.”
• Gives the qualities of one
thing to something that is
quite different.
The winter wind is a wolf
howling at the door.

17. PERSONIFICATION
• Personification gives
human traits and
feelings to things
that are not human
– like animals or
objects.
The moon smiled down at me.
= Innocence
=
Innocence

18. Idiom
• It means something other than what it
actually says.
Hyperbole
• Exaggeration often used for emphasis.