AS Macro Economics: Economic Cycle and Objectivestutor2u
In this session we are going to focus on the performance of
the UK economy over recent years and see how economic
growth appears to follow a cyclical pattern
AS Macro Economics: Economic Cycle and Objectivestutor2u
In this session we are going to focus on the performance of
the UK economy over recent years and see how economic
growth appears to follow a cyclical pattern
Mega Ace Consultancy - Update on Indian Economy November 2013mega-ace
Update on Indian Economy is a Monthly Report that provides a snapshot of the economy and an overview of the capital markets, corporate updates, sectoral analysis as also important policy pronouncements and their likely impact on the Indian business scenario. An additional feature includes a comparative analysis of the macro economic variables in select industrialized countries and the emerging markets.
Visit www.mega-ace.com for past/future updates.
Devaluation vs quantitaative restrictionsIsha Joshi
Devaluation is the official reduction in a country's currency by its government. The difference between devaluation and depreciation is that devaluation is done by the country's government whereas, depreciation happens due to market forces.
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the validity of Marshall-Lerner condition and the existence of J curve for the Turkish economy. Because of transition to the floating exchange rate regime in 2001, the analyzing period has been chosen as 2003-2016 to use monthly data for the related variables. After conducting unit- root and cointegration tests, the estimated VECM results show that Marshall- Lerner condition holds for the Turkish case. On the other hand, estimated VECM produces impulse- response functions that prove the existence of J curve for the Turkish economy in the long run.
Mega Ace Consultancy - Update on Indian Economy November 2013mega-ace
Update on Indian Economy is a Monthly Report that provides a snapshot of the economy and an overview of the capital markets, corporate updates, sectoral analysis as also important policy pronouncements and their likely impact on the Indian business scenario. An additional feature includes a comparative analysis of the macro economic variables in select industrialized countries and the emerging markets.
Visit www.mega-ace.com for past/future updates.
Devaluation vs quantitaative restrictionsIsha Joshi
Devaluation is the official reduction in a country's currency by its government. The difference between devaluation and depreciation is that devaluation is done by the country's government whereas, depreciation happens due to market forces.
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the validity of Marshall-Lerner condition and the existence of J curve for the Turkish economy. Because of transition to the floating exchange rate regime in 2001, the analyzing period has been chosen as 2003-2016 to use monthly data for the related variables. After conducting unit- root and cointegration tests, the estimated VECM results show that Marshall- Lerner condition holds for the Turkish case. On the other hand, estimated VECM produces impulse- response functions that prove the existence of J curve for the Turkish economy in the long run.
Research co-authored by IBI and A. Mark Fendrick, MD, co-director of the University of Michigan Center for Value-Based Insurance Design, stresses that understanding the full value of improved health, including improvements in workforce productivity, lost time and medical costs, is essential in helping employers make better choices about how much to invest in health care and where to invest it. The report notes that a focus only on medical-cost-offset results is unlikely to generate the bottom-line impact and incentives for healthy human capital investments that would be generated by a full-cost view.
SYNERGY Induction to Pedagogy Programme - Evaluation of the Learning Resource...Sarah Land
The SYNERGY Induction to Pedagogy programme was created by project partners, with the aim of helping micro-enterprise owners using the SYNERGY Exchange platform, to engage in peer-to-peer learning opportunities. This training programme comprises six modules and is delivered over 5 hours through a series of video lectures and PowerPoints which have been written, developed and recorded by project partners.
These modules provide micro-enterprise owners with a sound understanding of the basics in relation to e-didactics, quality criteria of peer-learning, evaluation of online learning resources and online learning environments, producing quality learning resources for peers and other knowledge that has helped them to become competent and confident online peer-educators. This module is entitled ‘Evaluation of the Learning Resources’ and provides content which provides an introduction to the basic concepts of quality in peer education, how to assess the quality of learning materials produced by peer educators and also an introduction to some common European standards and toolkits for evaluating online education.
These slides are available in English, Finnish, German, Greek, Italian and Romanian.
Synergy is the habit no. 6 taken from the book of "The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People" written by Stephen R. Covey. The book beautifully describes the importance and benefits of synergy in our daily lives.
What Is The Business Cycle? Essay
The Growth And Peak Stage Of A Business Cycle
Ipo : A Business Cycle Essay
Business Cycle Case Study
The Four Stages Of The Business Cycle
Canadas Business Cycle
Stages of a Business Cycle
Powerpoint Business Cycle
Explain The Four Phases Of Business Cycle
Effects of Business Cycles
Effect Of The Business Cycle Essay
Macro Economics
Business Cycle Essay
Planning Cycle : Business Planning
Mexico Business Cycle
Business Cycle
The And Third Steps Of The Business Cycle Essay
Business Cycle And Recovery Period Analysis
Business Cycle Theories : A General Comparison
Trade and global supply chains (GSCs) have undoubtedly created opportunities for economic and social development in many countries. Given that enterprises compete globally, labour standards have the important role to create a level-playing field among all actors, prevent a “race to the bottom”, and make sure that gains of trade and GSCs are shared in a more inclusive manner. Over the past decades, the number of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements that makes reference to labour standards has increased. The presentation will show the main findings of ILO’s recent studies on labour provisions in trade agreements, looking at trends in the use of labour provisions and their impact. It will also explore the role of labour provisions as an entry point to more generally discuss the labour market implications of trade, trade policies and GSCs.
Presentation Title
Your Name
ECO 202
Instructor Name
ECO 202
Choose a title for your presentation.
Include your name, the course name and the assignment name.
1
Ten-Year Period of U.S. Economic History Overview
This slide should include a brief overview of the 10-year period between 1950 and today that you chose for this presentation.
ECO 202
Write a brief overview of the time period you chose.
To give greater impact make sure to be brief in the slide and explain in the speaker’s notes.
Imagine that you have to present the PPT to an audience.
The slides are an outline for the audience to follow your presentation.
The speaker’s notes would be what you are going to say.
2
GDP (1–2 slides)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Growth
Show a graph of real GDP growth rates for each year of your decade and highlight significant changes in growth rates, such as dips or negative growth (recession) or booms (economic expansion)
Real GDP data can be found here at FRED, the research database of the St. Louis Federal Reserve – adjust the data to your 10 year period and use these numbers to calculate the growth rate
Here is a video to introduce you to using the FRED site
Choose two or three of the most relevant events from this time period that impacted the U.S. economy. Apply specific models developed throughout the course to demonstrate how these events influenced national output during this time period.
You can use the GDP formula to explain how an event impacted GDP growth. For instance, if there was large increase in military spending because of a war, we would expect to see an increase in GDP.
Be sure the connections you make are supported by the data you present.
ECO 202
Start with the first topic you want to present.
First research the main idea you want to talk about, research sources, images/graphs/diagrams/tables.
Try to express the main concepts in a brief manner, such as bullet points, images with key words.
Explain the slide in the speaker’s notes.
3
Unemployment and Inflation (1–2 slides)
Analyze unemployment and inflation data as to their relation to output and growth, using macroeconomic principles and models to explain their effect.
Show graphs of both annual inflation rates and annual unemployment rates throughout your decade.
Find data on inflation rates here
Find data on unemployment here
Explain how inflation and unemployment are calculated for the data presented
Discuss how changes in both are related to changes in GDP growth
Apply specific models developed throughout the course to demonstrate how the previously selected events influenced both unemployment and inflation during this time period.
Discuss how the events impacted both economic indicators
For the final draft, look to include our AD-AS model to illustrate how events led the changes observed in both
ECO 202
Make sure to include speaker’s notes.
4
Interest Rates (1–2 slides)
Analyze interest rate fluctuations throughout this time period and their eff ...
CA NOTES ON BUSINESS ECONOMICS
FREE AFFIDAVITS AND NOTICES FORMATS
FREE AGREEMENTS AND CONTRACTS FORMATS
FREE LLB LAW NOTES
FREE CA ICWA NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FIRST SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW SECOND SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW THIRD SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FOURTH SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FIFTH SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW SIXTH SEM NOTES
FREE CA ICWA FOUNDATION NOTES
FREE CA ICWA INTERMEDIATE NOTES
FREE CA ICWA FINAL NOTES
KANOON KE RAKHWALE INDIA
HIRE LAWYER ONLINE
LAW FIRMS IN DELHI
CA FIRM DELHI
VISIT : https://www.kanoonkerakhwale.com/
VISIT : https://hirelawyeronline.com/
Presentation by Robert Shackleton, an analyst in CBO’s Macroeconomic Analysis Division, at the NABE Foundation 17th Annual Economic Measurement Seminar.
CBO regularly publishes economic projections that are consistent with current law—providing a basis for its estimates of federal revenues, outlays, deficits, and debt. A key element in CBO’s projections is its forecast of potential (maximum sustainable) output, which is based mainly on estimates of the potential labor force, the flow of services from the capital stock, and potential total factor productivity in the nonfarm business sector.
This presentation describes CBO’s most recent 10-year potential output projections. It also discusses possible underlying causes for the slowdown of growth in total factor productivity.
Presentation by Robert Shackleton, an analyst in CBO’s Macroeconomic Analysis Division, at the NABE Foundation’s 15th Annual Economic Measurement Seminar.
ECON 201 HOMEWORK II (20 points) Fall 2021 Due OctoberEvonCanales257
ECON 201 HOMEWORK II (20 points)
Fall 2021
Due October 14, 2021
Chapters 8, 9, 10, 11 & 13
1. Gross Domestic Product (Chapter 8)
2013 2017 2018
Product Quantity Price Quantity Price Quantity Price
MP3s 40 $150.00 45 $200.00 50 $250.00
Tacos 2,000 2.00 2,200 2.25 2,300 2.40
Coats 300 50.00 310 52.00 350 55.00
1.1 Consider the table above for a simple economy: a) Using 2013 as the base year, calculate nominal
GDP, real GDP, and the GDP deflator for 2017 and 2018. b) Using GDP deflator found in part a,
calculate the rate of increase in the price level from 2017 to 2018. Show your work (2 points).
1.2 Give two reasons why GDP does not reflect total production in an economy (1 point).
1.3 Even though it is generally true that the more goods and services people have, the better off they
are, GDP provides only a rough measure of well-being. Assuming language is not an issue, what other
factors besides GDP might you consider when deciding where to live and work? Explain (1 point).
2. Unemployment and Inflation (Chapter 9)
Working-age population 235,900
Employment
Unemployment
Unemployment rate 9.4%
Labor force
Labor force participation rate 65.5%
2.1 Fill in the missing values in the table of data collected in the household survey for December, 1996.
The working-age population, employment, unemployment, and labor force are measured in thousands.
Show your work (2 points).
2.2 Explain what economists mean by full employment and why this rate of unemployment is not
zero (0.5 point).
3. Consumer Price Index
3.1 Suppose Econ 201 is a country that only consumes textbooks, study guides, and calculators:
Base Year (2011) 2014 2015
Product Quantity Price Expenditure Price Expenditure Price
Expenditure
Textbook 120 $16 $20 $28
Study
guide
60 10 15 21
Calculator 80 3 5 6
Total
Fill all expenditures including total expenditures in the above table. Using the year 2011 as the
base year, calculate the Consumer Price Index in 2014 and 2015. What is inflation rate from 2014
to 2015? Show your works (2 points).
3.2 The table below lists the actual minimum wage and CPI in 1974 and in 2017. Using the table,
calculate the real minimum wage for 1974 and 2017. Are workers better off in terms of the
purchasing power of a dollar in 1974 or 2017? Explain why (2 points).
Year Nominal Minimum
Wage
CPI
(1982=100)
1974 2.00 49.3
2017 7.25 244.3
4 Long Run Economic Growth and Loanable Funds Market (Chapters 10 and 11)
4.1 If real GDP in a small country in 2017 is $8 billion and real GDP in the same country in 2018 is
$8.3 billion, the growth rate of real GDP between 2017 and 2018. Show your work (0.5 points).
4.2 If real GDP per capita doubles between 2005 and 2020, what is the average annual growth rate of
real GDP per capita? Show your work (0.5 points).
4.3 Explain and show graphically how an increase in household sa ...
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
Pob stage 1 seminar 5 sbd
1. Principles of Business
Seminar: Applying economic concepts
to your business
Topic Number:5
2. Overview
The economic environment is an important determinant of
business success. This seminar looks to determine the
implications and impacts of the global economy on your
business.
You are tasked with initially explaining the concept of supply &
demand and the factors that influence it in relation to your
business activity.
As part of this analysis you will determine a number of the key
economic indicators in relation to your business. As you have
recently learnt about the various strategies you can adopt when
‘going global’, determine how the theory of comparative
advantage can help your business.
Finally, if you were going to make an investment abroad explain
if you would opt for direct or indirect FDI.
3. Learning outcomes of this seminar
• Be able to explain the concept of supply & demand
and the factors that influence it in relation to your
business activity
• Identify and describe the key economic indicators
that could impact your business?
• Illustrate and apply the comparative advantage
theory in your business
• Critically evaluate and describe the various global
investment options
4. Agenda for this seminar
Explaining the concept of supply & demand and the impact of a slowing Asian economy
on the UK’s economy? How could this impact your business?
What is the impact on key economic indicators such as GDP, inflation and employment?
Explain how you would use the concepts of comparative advantage to your businesses
benefit.
If you were going to make an investment abroad explain if you would opt for direct or
indirect FDI. Explain your rationale.
5. Structure for the session
You will have
15 minutes to
discuss each
question
We will have a
de-brief at the
end of each 15
minutes to hear
your thoughts
on each area
Feel free to ask
questions but
please do not
have separate
conversations
‘we are all in
this together’!
6. Explaining the concept
of supply & demand and
the impact of a slowing
Asian economy on the
UK’s economy? How
could this impact your
business?
7. Lets look at the UK & Developing Asia
According to the IMF (2012:60), developing Asia (DA) is moderating primarily
due to the slowing of exports to the EU region, reliance on Euro banks, crisis
and deteriorating business sentiment. However, domestic demand still fuels
growth in key economies across the region (e.g. China) (IMF, 2012:60).
Source: IMF, 2012
8. Implications for supply and demand
The UK has a growing reliance on imports and exports and hence increasing
‘trade-openess’ (ONS, 2011). The UK’s propensity to import goods outweighs its
exports however this is partially offset by its service exports (ONS, 2012a & Begg
and Ward, 2009:365). Developing Asia (DA) is an important supplier of UK imports
and recipient of goods and services from the UK (e.g. call centres in India) and
therefore does have impact on the macro-economic environment in the UK (DBIS,
2010).
Source:
IMF, 2012:127
9. Implications for supply and demand
In accordance with the theory of comparative advantage (Ricardo, 1817) the UK is
exposed to fluctuations in other national economies/regions such as DA. The largest
direct impact on the UK would occur due to imports (leakages) and exports
(injections), however one must also account for foreign direct investment flows.
The UK will benefit from exporting goods/services it can produce at a lower marginal
cost while importing goods/services that it cannot produce as efficiently.
Consider
each of the
curves
10. What is the impact on
key economic indicators
such as GDP, inflation
and employment?
11. Impact on GDP
In line with the circular flow of income (Begg and Ward, 2009:208) we can see
that reduced growth in DA will negatively impact the net value of goods and
services produced by UK firms as the demand reduces. This will in turn reduce
aggregate income. The effect is a decline in the UK’s GDP in the short-term
however in the long-term a number of scenarios are possible which is likely to
increase AD2 to AD*.
This assumes, in line with the theory of comparative advantage, the UK in the
short-term would not be in a position to produce the goods themselves and
therefore needs to buy the goods or services more expensively from DA or
elsewhere. Also consider the impact of monetary and fiscal policy intervention.
Source: Begg and Ward, 2009
12. Impact on inflation & unemployment
As the UK imports more/cheaper goods from DA it will make the cost of goods
and services cheaper in the UK. This will in turn reduce inflation.
The net effect will be an increase in unemployment in the UK as the value of labour
will fall and firms seek to pay lower wages. Considering the IMF (2012) have only
predicted a short-term slowdown in DA the type of unemployment is likely to be
cyclical in nature (Begg and Ward, 2009:242). Government intervention could be
used to reduce unemployment in the short-term.Reflects workers who have lost jobs
due to the adversities of the business cycle also referred to as demand-deficient
unemployment.
Source: Begg and Ward, 2009
13. Explain how you would
use the concepts of
comparative advantage
to your businesses
benefit
15. Consider your core production lines:
Where should you produce them?
Cars Rice
100
(1C=1R)
100
(1R=1C)
50
(1C=4R)
200
(1R=1/4C)
A
B
Consider the per unit opportunity cost and go for the lowest
option
16. Consider why one location has lower opportunity
cost
Source: Wikipedia.org
17. How will this benefit your business?
Higher Margins
Lower Costs
More Profit
Are there any other implications?
18. An example from Starbucks
View video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ElYNhGbOTOQ
19. If you were going to
make an investment
abroad explain if you
would opt for direct or
indirect FDI. Explain
your rationale.
20. Firstly consider the options
View video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I8w7Kv2aZPg
21. Firstly consider the options
Direct Indirect
• Invests directly in
business operations in
another country
• M&A or establish a new
business
• More control
• Greater stake
• Form global synergies
• More sticky
• Investing in a company
operating in another
country through a
financial instrument
• Invest in shares or
bonds
• Less control
• Less stake
• No global synergies
• Less sticky
22. Secondly, consider what your business needs
and what its current resource position is
Do you currently
have the
ability/capability or
do you need to
acquire it?
Does it make
strategic sense for
your business?
Do you have the
required
resources?
Consider how you
would structure a
deal
23. Thirdly, identify good opportunities to invest in
considering fit with your organisation
Determine if you will
be able to realise the
anticipated
synergies
Scan the market for
a strategic fit