Thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics are the two main types of plastics. Thermoplastics can be remelted and reshaped, while thermosetting plastics solidify permanently after heating. The document then provides examples of how recycled plastic bottles are used in various applications, including clothing, construction materials, vehicles, and more. Recycling plastic saves energy and keeps waste out of landfills and oceans.
2018: Effects of Plastic Pollution on Land and WaterJoshua Amponsem
Plastic pollution is threatening life on land and life under water. The presentation shows the effects of plastics on life on land and life under water. Additionally, it shows simple steps on how to avoid Single-use plastics.
2018: Effects of Plastic Pollution on Land and WaterJoshua Amponsem
Plastic pollution is threatening life on land and life under water. The presentation shows the effects of plastics on life on land and life under water. Additionally, it shows simple steps on how to avoid Single-use plastics.
Plastic pollution is a constant battle . The causes and effects are dangerous, do you know the solution?
#plastic #recycling #plasticpollution #pollution #environment
Today plastic disposal is the major problem faced by the world,so in order to curb that pollution, it is our responsibility to use less plastics and recycle it.
-Plastic Impacts on the natural environment
-Introduction to plastic
-Why plastic is good for the environment?
-Negative impact of plastic production....
-Negative impact on land
-Negative impact on Marine life
-Negative impact on human health
-World status of plastic production and disposal
-Prevention of Plastic pollution
This poster describes the affects of plastic used plastic goods that do not biodegrade naturally on environment and how plastic recycling can play a great role in playing the savior on the case.
Plastic pollution is a constant battle . The causes and effects are dangerous, do you know the solution?
#plastic #recycling #plasticpollution #pollution #environment
Today plastic disposal is the major problem faced by the world,so in order to curb that pollution, it is our responsibility to use less plastics and recycle it.
-Plastic Impacts on the natural environment
-Introduction to plastic
-Why plastic is good for the environment?
-Negative impact of plastic production....
-Negative impact on land
-Negative impact on Marine life
-Negative impact on human health
-World status of plastic production and disposal
-Prevention of Plastic pollution
This poster describes the affects of plastic used plastic goods that do not biodegrade naturally on environment and how plastic recycling can play a great role in playing the savior on the case.
Since 1990, many developing countries' governments have adopted the privatization as tool to improvement public services provision. Different forms of privatization have been adopted from open competition to monopoly privatization and Rwanda is no exception. This study report has evaluated the privatization outcome of solid waste collection in Kigali to know if it is making its promise and key factors that are shaping the outcome. From the findings, the privatization has improved social aspects but there is an urgent opportunity to improve financial viability for private companies providing the service and environmental aspects at the disposal level
City of Virginia Beach Solid Waste Collection Routing Software Consulting Ser...Kevin Callen
Waste collection routing software was used by Route Optimization Consultants (Kevin Callen) and SCS Engineers (Bob Gardner) for the City of Virginia Beach (John Barnes) to improve the efficiency of the City's waste routing for its 124,000 households. The presentation was presented at the SWANA WasteCon 2014 conference.
It is about Municipal Solid Waste Management by using GIS. How we will be able to control the cost using GIS. And an case study happened in NAGPUR City.
THE ROLE OF SPCB IN MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE TREATMENT- INDIAN CONTEXTManoj Chaurasia
The presentation highlight the role of state pollution control boards in the municipal solid waste management and discusses the status of municipal solid waste treatment in Allahabad region.
Saniton Plastic Corporation is explaining the different types of plastic products. Sanitation Plastic Corporation Founded by a team of global manufacturing, distribution, and logistics experts with a combined experience of over 25 years, Saniton Plastic Corporation is a global provider of a full range of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottle production services. From production, filling, labeling, capping to packaging, our complete A-Z production solutions place us among the most reliable companies in the world. Sanitation Plastic is proudly owned and operated in Canada.
Plastics are everywhere, in our home, school, work, playground, parks, and beaches. It is such a popular material because it is flexible, lightweight, moisture resistant, and inexpensive. Even if plastics are found deep inland, they eventually find their way to the sea or ocean through rivers and streams. The global consumption of plastic was 260 million tons in 2010. It is estimated to reach 297.5 million tons by 2017.
Organization Name: Light of Life Projects
Email: info@lolprojects.org
Designed and Prepared by: KAMRAN AKHTAR
Email: kamran.a@lolprojects.org
web page: www.lolprojects.org
Presentation on Plastic By Kanishka and Nishtha from Hillwoods academy school...prakashrohit
This brief presentation on understanding plastic has been made by the young students of Hillwood Academy School in Delhi. The presentation also presents some simple ideas on what can be done to protect earth from the menace of plastic
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
3. In Plastics, the arrangement of the individual
units may be linear or cross linked
Linear or lightly cross-linked polymers form a class
of plastics called thermoplastics
Heavy cross-linking plastics are called
thermosetting plastics
4. THERMOPLASTIC IS A POLYMER THAT TURNS INTO A
LIQUID WHEN HEATED AND FREEZES INTO A VERY
GLASSY STATE WHEN COOLED SUFFICIENTLY.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. 1.We don't know everything that's in plastic — and
neither do food companies.
The most shocking thing about plastic is how much we as consumers don't know
about what is in the plastic products that we buy. Plastics may be made from oil or
natural gas, but once they get to a plastics producer, dozens of chemicals are
added to make them rigid, heat resistant, color, clear, UV resistant, soft, pliable
— for just about any feature a plastics manufacturer wants, there's an additional
chemical that can give it to them. And all those mixtures are protected as trade
secrets. Not even food manufacturers can know. Food companies who want to know
what's in the packaging they're using often face the same firewall that consumers
face.
2. Use of animal fat in plastic.
Thousands of possible chemicals added to plastics, some are known to be toxic —
for instance, the neurotoxin lead and the carcinogen cadmium are frequently
added to vinyl products to protect them from UV damage — and others have a
growing body of research suggesting they're not good for you, such as that
linking the hormone disruptor bisphenol A to everything from heart disease to
childhood behavioral problems. And some are just gross. Like chicken fat. Plastic
bag manufacturers sometimes add chicken fat to the exterior of plastic bags to
make them more slippery. Animal fats are also added to other plastic products to
prevent them from sticking to metal machinery.
10. 3. It causes diseases and rashes in animals.
Many vets warn pet owners to feed cats and dogs out of glass, ceramic or stainless
steel bowls because porous plastic bowls allow bacteria to breed and multiply, causing
an acne-like rash on a pet's chin. The material's porous nature is yet another reason
that plastic manufacturers add still more chemicals. Antibacterial chemicals
like triclosan, which has been linked to an increase in allergies, is a registered
pesticide, and is suspected of contributing to antibiotic resistant diseases like MRSA,
are added to plastics all the time.
4. Plastic kills more than just birds and sea
turtles.
Images of sea turtles choking on plastic and dead birds with stomachs
filled with plastic debris are the poster children of sorts for
advocates trying to reform recycling laws and discourage people from
buying so much disposable plastic. so many cows in India have die from
ingesting plastic that many states in the nation have banned plastic
bags altogether as a way to avoid it. In the United Arab Emirates,
veterinarians have seen goats, camels, sheep and other endangered
desert animals dead because they've ingested plastic garbage.
5. Recycling is only a semi-perfect solution.
Most plastic from the U.S. gets shipped to China to be recycled where it's melted down
in plants that pollute the local air and water, manned by people who work with little to
no protective gear. What's more, recycled plastic is "downcycled," that is, a plastic
bottle isn't turned back into a plastic bottle. It's recycled into carpeting or fleece for
clothing or some other product that often isn't or can't be recycled at the end of its
useful life.
11. 4.Impact to Marine Life
Plastic waste comprises 60% to 80% of marine debris litter accumulated in ocean
shores. Plastic residuals ranging from microscopic polyethylene particles to large
floats, crates, and netting ropes from fishing operations are also present in the
world's oceans. The problem of marine waste is aggravated by the low reliability of
removal mechanisms aimed at reducing marine plastic residual concentration in the
oceans. Effects on marine life of plastic waste include the entanglement and ingestions
of harmful plastics by marine vertebrates and the bioaccumulation of toxicants causing
reduced reproduction capacities in certain species.
5.Aesthetic Damage of Plastics
The disposal of plastics in landfills creates a serious aesthetic problem in large
urbanized areas of the world. The chemical stability of plastic prevents plastic
waste from decomposing into the environment at a rate comparable to the rate of
waste generation. As plastic waste accumulates in urbanized areas, values of
surrounding properties fall. Furthermore, consumer waste in beaches, highways, and
parks creates a negative externality for tourists in public areas. In the long run,
the incentive to preserve the local environment is reduced and the costs of cleaning
and recovery of contaminated sites rise. Large streams can also transport excess
plastic waste to other areas creating a mobile contamination problem.
12. Recycling is an excellent way of saving energy and
conserving the environment.
Did you know that:
•1 recycled tin can would save enough energy to power a television for
3 hours.
•1 recycled glass bottle would save enough energy to power a computer
for 25 minutes.
•1 recycled plastic bottle would save enough energy to power a 60-watt
light bulb for 3 hours.
•70% less energy is required to recycle paper compared with making it
from raw materials.
•The unreleased energy contained in the average dustbin each year
could power a television for 5,000 hours.
•The largest lake in the Britain could be filled with rubbish from the
UK in 8 months.
•On average, 16% of the money you spend on a product pays for the
packaging, which ultimately ends up as rubbish.
•Up to 80% of a vehicle can be recycled.
13. Process of recycling plastics
The plastic bottle recycling process begins by separating the bottles by their
resin identification code, which differentiates the types of plastics. For
instance, all #1 PET plastics must be separated from their caps as well as #2
HDPE plastics. Once the plastics are separated, they are baled and sent to a
recycling plant. Once there, they are shredded into flakes and then melted
down into a pellet. The pellets are then sent to companies to be made into new
items. Recycled #1 plastics can be made into fleece or carpeting. Recycled #2
plastics are often made into artificial lumber for outdoor furniture or decking.
Float, or sink? You can tell a type of plastic by what it does in
water.
Not all plastics are made the same; even if you’re able to recycle them
together, they have to be separated at the recycling facilities according
to type.
For separating, all of the plastics get shredded, and then the shreds are
dumped into water-filled flotation tanks. One type of plastic sinks, and
the other floats, making it easy to separate. The flotation tanks also
separate out contaminants, as those materials also have different
flotation rates, too
14. It takes about 450 years just for one plastic bottle to break down in the
ground.
11% of household waste is plastic, 40% of which is plastic bottles.
A plastic cup can take 50 - 80 years to decompose.
An estimated 13 billion plastic bottles are disposed of each year.
Plastic bags and other plastic garbage thrown into the ocean kill as many as 1
million sea creatures every year.
Recycling plastic saves twice as much energy than burning it in an incinerator.
An estimated 14 billion pounds of trash, much of it plastic is dumped in the
world's oceans every year.
Every year we make enough plastic film to shrink-wrap the state of Texas.
15.
16. The bottles are first gathered together and taken to a processing plant to be washed,
de-labeled, and ground into flake-like squares. Those squares are then melted,
separated by colour, and eventually put through a giant spaghetti stringer-like machine
that yields the ideal shape and size material. Around eight to 10 recycled bottles go
into each pair of jeans, making up almost a third of the material used.
These Jeans Are Made of Recycled Plastic Bottles
For starters, Imperium Denim uses denim that is made from cotton and recycled plastic
bottles. Essentially, every pair utilizes eight plastic bottles. Their products are ethically
made in Canada as opposed to going overseas and exploiting sweatshops. But the most
interesting aspect of the brand is the message that it conveys. Through our actions, we
have the power to improve the world and influence others to do the same.
17. Millions of people around the world were touched by A Liter of Light's goal
to illuminate one million homes with simple plastic bottles converted into
affordable light bulbs. Now that same group has partnered for a second
time with Stephen Lamb from South Africa to produce the Solar
Revolution Pavilion. Unveiled in time for Earth Day in Manila, the solar-
powered pavilion was constructed out of 1,600 vegetable crates made from
recycled plastic bottles.
Light Bulbs
19. BIODEGRADABLE BOAT: The “Plastiki” is made from 12,500 plastic bottles, and almost
all parts of the catamaran are recyclable.
The "Plastiki," inspired by the 1947 Kon-Tiki raft expedition, has already sailed 6,944
nautical miles (12,860 kilometers) in 108 days from San Francisco to the French Pacific
territory, via the Line Islands and Western Samoa.
The voyage, to highlight the dangers of plastic pollution, over-fishing and climate change
to the world's oceans, is expected to start its last and most challenging leg on after
arriving in New Caledonia.
British adventurer and ecologist David de Rothschild, the youngest heir to Britain's
Rothschild family banking fortune, dreamed up the idea of a fully recyclable performing
vessel after reading a UN report on ocean ecosystems.
The Plastiki's bottles are packed together in a "pomegranate-like" structure and fixed
to pontoons, giving the catamaran 68 percent of its buoyancy, and it uses fully
renewable energy sources including solar, wind and sea turbines. It is held together with
a fully recyclable plastic called Seretex and an organic glue made from cashew nut husks
and sugarcane, while its sails are also made from recycled plastic.
The Plastiki crew hope to inspire the world to reduce, reuse, recycle, rethink and
ultimately refuse our use of wasteful disposable plastics such as bags, styrene foam and
bottles
20. Bridge
Last year, in Peeblesshire, Scotland, British company Vertech Composites wrapped up
construction on the world’s longest bridge made out of plastic bottles and other
household plastic waste. At 90 feet long, the bridge can support up to 44 tons of
pedestrians, cars and vehicles carrying heavy goods.
The recycled composite plastic used to build the bridge has benefits beyond keeping
materials out of the landfill, the company said.
Vertech CEO William Mainwaring told CNN that the material, developed by researchers
at Rutgers University, has a longer lifetime than conventional construction materials like
steel, timber and concrete.
“This technology creates enhanced stiffness and strength that is ideal for structures
like a bridge,” he said.
21. EcoARK Building
The innovative and very impressive EcoARK in Taiwan is a monument to recycling.
The three-story tall building, complete with an amphitheater and exhibition hall,
was constructed using 1.5 million plastic bottles. Embedded solar power helps to
run the building’s magnificent LED light displays at night.
The Far Eastern Group, which commissioned the building, wanted to highlight the
importance of reusing and recycling in a country where, according to The China
Post, the plastic bottle recycling rate is only four percent.
22. Sports Uniforms
Uniforms in Nike’s Pro Turbo Speed collection, worn by Olympians from the U.S.
and other nations in London’s Olympic Summer Games, are composed of up to 13
recycled plastic bottles each.
Similar plastic recycling technology is used in manufacturing other Nike sneakers,
cleats and sports equipment.
23. Joysxee Eco Island
Richart Sowa’s Joysxee Eco Island project in the bay of Isla Mujeres, Mexico
is one of the most creative reuse projects we’ve ever come across.
Sowa collected more than 125,000 trashed plastic bottles and created a
floating paradise, an actual island on which sits his house and a garden that
provides much of his food.
How it works: the plastic bottles are inside recycled fruit sacks; on top of
that are pallets covered in plywood, then carpeting, then sand, dirt and
rocks.
24. Car Interiors
Each 2012 Ford Focus electric contains approximately 22 post-consumer
recycled plastic bottles in its seat fabric.
The company has also developed plastics reinforced with uncommon
biomaterials like wheat straf and a plant called kenaf and seat cushion
stuffing made of soy-based foam, and is even working on developing
plastics reinforced with recycled U.S. currency.
“On an average car we use about 300 pounds of plastic,” Angela Harris,
Ford biomaterials research engineer, told Earth911. “So, there are a lot
of opportunities there to increase the overall bio content and recycled
content. We have accomplished a lot, but we’re going to keep it going.”