Physics of Surfing beta
•Download as PPT, PDF•
0 likes•781 views
The document discusses the physics principles behind surfing. To catch a wave, a surfer must paddle until their speed matches the wave then pop up while balancing forces of buoyancy and gravity. When riding a wave, the surfer experiences new hydrodynamic forces and uses energy conservation to control their speed and height. Turning involves shifting weight to leverage Newton's third law for the water to turn the board. Board design like shortboards versus longboards affects maneuverability due to differences in moment of inertia.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Lying on the board ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Savanas pp
The document summarizes some of the key physics principles involved in surfing. It explains that a surfer can shift their center of gravity to control the angle of the surfboard as it catches a wave. It also discusses Newton's third law and how pushing on one edge of the board causes it to turn. Finally, it describes how the forces of gravity and buoyancy can create torque when the surfer moves their position, twisting the board.
Physics of skydiving
Skydiving involves jumping from an airplane and falling through the air until deploying a parachute. Skydivers accelerate due to gravity until air resistance equals the downward force, reaching terminal velocity. Felix Baumgartner set records by skydiving from 39,000 meters, falling at speeds over 700 mph before his parachute slowed his descent. Newton's laws of motion describe the forces acting on skydivers as they fall and deploy parachutes to land safely.
Physics class 9
the chapter is intended mostly for use students of class 9. based on the Selina publishers
Physics of sport
This document discusses the application of physics principles in various sports. It explains how concepts like friction, acceleration, center of mass, and centripetal force are important in racing, tennis, bowling, cycling, gymnastics, and other sports. It provides specific examples of how these physics concepts relate to elements like a race car's design, hockey puck movement on different surfaces, gymnastics maneuvers, and forces in activities like vaulting, weightlifting, and swimming.
404 dynamic force and power
This document discusses dynamic force and power resulting from the interaction between objects and fluids. It defines dynamic forces as those that arise due to relative motion between an object and fluid, requiring motion. Newton's second law is used to explain how these forces are calculated by determining the change in momentum of flowing fluids. Examples of dynamic forces in nature include wind and ocean waves impacting structures. The operation of machines like turbines also relies on dynamic fluid forces. The document then provides an example of calculating the dynamic fluid forces on a water ski from the change in velocity of water particles.
Force and laws of motion 1
1. An unbalanced force is required to bring an object into motion or change its state of motion. Pushing, hitting, or pulling can create unbalanced forces.
2. A balanced force does not change the state of motion, while an unbalanced force causes motion in the direction of the force.
3. According to Newton's first law, an object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This illustrates the principle of inertia.
Sailing physics pow pt 2012 edited
1) Several physics principles are involved in sailing, including Newton's laws of motion, Bernoulli's principle, and Newton's third law.
2) Bernoulli's principle states that the pressure of a fluid decreases as its flow speed increases, so the pressure above a sail is lower than below it, creating lift.
3) Newton's third law applies as the wind pushes on the sail and the sail pushes back on the boat with an equal and opposite force, propelling the boat through the water.
What are waves
Waves transfer energy from one place to another through a disturbance or vibration in a medium. There are different types of waves including transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and surface waves which move media in different directions relative to the wave propagation. Waves are classified based on how the medium moves as the wave passes through.
Recommended
Savanas pp
The document summarizes some of the key physics principles involved in surfing. It explains that a surfer can shift their center of gravity to control the angle of the surfboard as it catches a wave. It also discusses Newton's third law and how pushing on one edge of the board causes it to turn. Finally, it describes how the forces of gravity and buoyancy can create torque when the surfer moves their position, twisting the board.
Physics of skydiving
Skydiving involves jumping from an airplane and falling through the air until deploying a parachute. Skydivers accelerate due to gravity until air resistance equals the downward force, reaching terminal velocity. Felix Baumgartner set records by skydiving from 39,000 meters, falling at speeds over 700 mph before his parachute slowed his descent. Newton's laws of motion describe the forces acting on skydivers as they fall and deploy parachutes to land safely.
Physics class 9
the chapter is intended mostly for use students of class 9. based on the Selina publishers
Physics of sport
This document discusses the application of physics principles in various sports. It explains how concepts like friction, acceleration, center of mass, and centripetal force are important in racing, tennis, bowling, cycling, gymnastics, and other sports. It provides specific examples of how these physics concepts relate to elements like a race car's design, hockey puck movement on different surfaces, gymnastics maneuvers, and forces in activities like vaulting, weightlifting, and swimming.
404 dynamic force and power
This document discusses dynamic force and power resulting from the interaction between objects and fluids. It defines dynamic forces as those that arise due to relative motion between an object and fluid, requiring motion. Newton's second law is used to explain how these forces are calculated by determining the change in momentum of flowing fluids. Examples of dynamic forces in nature include wind and ocean waves impacting structures. The operation of machines like turbines also relies on dynamic fluid forces. The document then provides an example of calculating the dynamic fluid forces on a water ski from the change in velocity of water particles.
Force and laws of motion 1
1. An unbalanced force is required to bring an object into motion or change its state of motion. Pushing, hitting, or pulling can create unbalanced forces.
2. A balanced force does not change the state of motion, while an unbalanced force causes motion in the direction of the force.
3. According to Newton's first law, an object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This illustrates the principle of inertia.
Sailing physics pow pt 2012 edited
1) Several physics principles are involved in sailing, including Newton's laws of motion, Bernoulli's principle, and Newton's third law.
2) Bernoulli's principle states that the pressure of a fluid decreases as its flow speed increases, so the pressure above a sail is lower than below it, creating lift.
3) Newton's third law applies as the wind pushes on the sail and the sail pushes back on the boat with an equal and opposite force, propelling the boat through the water.
What are waves
Waves transfer energy from one place to another through a disturbance or vibration in a medium. There are different types of waves including transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and surface waves which move media in different directions relative to the wave propagation. Waves are classified based on how the medium moves as the wave passes through.
force and laws of motion class 9
This document discusses Isaac Newton and Galileo's contributions to the laws of motion and forces. It provides definitions and examples for key concepts like force, balanced and unbalanced forces, inertia, momentum, and Newton's three laws of motion. Newton's first law states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. The second law establishes that acceleration is produced when a force acts and is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass. Newton's third law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton third law of motion ppt
The document discusses Newton's Third Law of Motion, which states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. It provides several examples to illustrate this law, including rockets propelling upwards as hot gases push down, cars moving forward as wheels push backwards on the road, a baseball hitting a bat causing the bat to push the ball in the opposite direction, and birds staying aloft as their wings push down on the air causing the air to push up with an equal force. Fish are also able to propel forward as their fins push water backwards with an opposing force. In each case, the size and direction of the action and reaction forces are equal and opposite.
Concrete dam lecture 4
FORCES ACTING ON GRAVITY DAM
5. Wave Pressure :
Wind blowing over the water surface in the reservoir exerts a drag on the surface due to which ripples and waves are formed. The impact of these waves Produces a pressure on the upper portion of the dam. The magnitude of the wave pressure mainly depends on the dimensions of the waves which in turn depend on the extent of water surface and the wind velocity.
Silt pressure
The weight and the pressure of the submerged silt are to be considered in addition to weight and pressure of water. The weight of the silt acts vertically on the slope and pressure horizontally, in a similar fashion to the corresponding forces due to water. It is recommended that the submerged density of silt for calculating horizontal pressure may be taken as 1360 kg/m³. Equivalently, for calculating vertical force, the same may be taken as 1925 kg/m³.
Wind Pressure :
Wind pressure is required to be consider only on that portion of the dam structure which is exposed to the action of wind.
Normally wind pressure is taken as 1 to 1.5 kN/m2 for the area exposed to the wind pressure.
Wind pressure is not a significant force and therefore, sometimes, not considered in design of a dam.
Earthquake Forces (Seismic Forces) :
Earthquake or seismic activity is associated with complex oscillating patterns of acceleration and ground motions, which generate transient dynamic loads due to inertia of the dam and the retained body of water.
Horizontal and vertical accelerations are not equal, the former being of greater intensity.
The earthquake acceleration is usually designated as a fraction of the acceleration due to gravity and is expressed as α⋅g, where α is the Seismic Coefficient. The seismic coefficient depends on various factors, like the intensity of the earthquake, the part or zone of the country in which the structure is located, the elasticity of the material of the dam and its foundation, etc.
For the purpose of determining the value of the seismic coefficient which has to be adopted in the design of a dam, India has been divided into five seismic zones, depending upon the severity of the earthquakes which may occur in different places. A map showing these zones is given in the Bureau of Indian Standards code IS: 1893-2002 (Part-1) “Criteria for earthquake resistant design of Structures (fourth revision)”, and has been reproduced in Figure 28.
According to IS : 1893 - 2002, the design value of horizontal seismic coefficient
(Ah) may be determined by one of the two methods
(a) Seismic coefficient method
The total design lateral force or design seismic base shear (VB) along any principal direction shall be determined by the following expression.
Hydrodynamic Pressure :
Horizontal acceleration acting towards the reservoir causes a momentary increase ln the water pressure as the foundation and dam accelerate towards the reservoir and the water resists movement owing to its inertia.
The extra pressure ex
Gravity Dam (numerical problem ) BY SITARAM SAINI
The document discusses the analysis of a gravity dam, including calculating stresses and checking stability, for both an empty reservoir and full reservoir condition. It provides numerical examples of determining vertical stresses, principal stresses, and shear stresses at the toe and heel of the dam. It also shows calculations for checking the stability of the dam against sliding, overturning, tension and sufficient shear resistance.
PhysicS FORCE AND LAWS OF MOTION PPT FOR SCHOOL PROJECT
The physics presentation was given by a group consisting of 5 members on the topic of force and laws of motion. It introduced Sir Isaac Newton and summarized his formulation of the three laws of motion and universal law of gravitation. It then defined what a force is and described the different types of forces including balanced and unbalanced forces. The presentation went on to explain Newton's three laws of motion - law of inertia, law of acceleration, and law of action-reaction. It also discussed related concepts like momentum, impulse, inertia and applications of the laws of motion.
Newtons laws of_motion
A powerpoint i used for a STEM Presetation on using Dukane products with STEM( Science , Technology, Engineering and Math).
Bill McIntosh
SchoolVision Inc ( my consulting company)
Authorized Dukane/Convey Consultant
Phone :843-442-8888
Email :WKMcIntosh@Comcast.net
Twitter : @OtisTMcIntosh
SchoolVision Website on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/WKMIII
Force and laws of motion by Prabhat Gaurav IX
I hope you would like this ppt. This presentation mainly consist of the summary of the chapter Force and Laws of Motion in class IX NCERT pattern.
Concrete dam lecture 2
FORCES ACTING ON GRAVITY DAM
The Bureau of Indian Standards code IS 6512-1984 “Criteria for design of solid gravity dams” recommends that a gravity dam should be designed for the most adverse load condition of the seven given type using the safety factors prescribed.
1. Load combination A (construction condition): Dam completed but no water in reservoir or tail water
2. Load combination B (normal operating conditions): Full reservoir elevation, normal dry weather tail water, normal uplift, ice and silt (if applicable)
3. Load combination C: (Flood discharge condition) - Reservoir at maximum flood pool elevation ,all gates open, tail water at flood elevation, normal uplift, and silt (if applicable)
4. Load combination D: Combination of A and earthquake
5. Load combination E: Combination B, with earthquake but no ice
6. Load combination F: Combination C, but with extreme uplift, assuming the drainage holes to be Inoperative
7. Load combination G: Combination E but with extreme uplift (drains inoperative)
Water Pressure (P) is the major external force exerted by the water stored in the Reservoir on the upstream face of the dam. It can be calculated by the law of hydrostatic pressure distribution; which is triangular in shape as shown in Fig. 3.3.
(a) When u/s face is vertical :
When the upstream face is vertical, the intensity of pressure is zero at the water surface and equal to γw • H at the base.
Earth quake pressure, Horizontal Component(PH) , (ii) Vertical Component(PV) = Weight of water in ABCD portion ,
2. Weight of the Dam :
The weight of the dam per unit length is given by the product of the area of crosssection of the dam and the specific weight of the Construction material, i.e. concrete, and masonary it acts vertically downwards at the centre of gravity of the section.
dam may be divided into smaller sections of simple geometrical shapes such as triangles,rectangles, etc.
weight of each of these acting at its centre of gravity may be considered.
Weight of any part of dam = cross-sectional area of that part x specific weight of material
3. Uplift Pressure :
Uplift pressure is defined as the force exerted by water penetrating through the pores, cracks, fissures within the body of the dam, at the contact between the dam and its
foundation, and within the foundation.
acts vertically upwards
it causes a reduction in the effective weight
Ice Pressure :
Ice pressure is exerted on a dam by a sheet of ice formed on the entire water surface of the reservoir, when it is subjected to expansion and contraction with changes in temperature.
The coefficient of thermal expansion of ice being five times more than that of concrete, the dam face has to resist the force due to expansion of ice. This force acts linearly along the length of the dam, at the reservoir level.
As per IS : 6512 - 1984, ice pressure may be taken equal to 250 kN/m2 applied to the face of the dam over the anticipated area of contact of i
Newtons laws of motion
This document discusses Newton's three laws of motion:
1) Law of Inertia - An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2) Second Law - Force equals mass times acceleration (F=ma).
3) Third Law - For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Examples are provided for each law, such as friction causing objects to slow down due to the first law, and calculations using the second law equation.
Force and laws of motion
This document discusses the concept of force. It defines force as an external effort that can move an object at rest, stop a moving object, change the speed or direction of a moving object, or change the shape or size of an object. It then discusses Newton's three laws of motion - an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force, acceleration is produced by an unbalanced force and is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass, and for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. It also covers momentum, conservation of momentum, and provides examples to demonstrate these concepts.
Waves
Waves are disturbances that propagate or move from the place they were created. For water waves, the disturbance is on the water surface, created by things like rocks or splashing. For sound waves, the disturbance is changes in air pressure, created by speakers. All waves have characteristics like amplitude, period, frequency, and velocity. Wave velocity is the speed at which the disturbance propagates, measured as the distance traveled per period. This relationship between wavelength, period, and velocity holds for all types of waves.
Newtons laws of_motion
1) Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it. The three laws are: Law of Inertia, F=ma, and Action-Reaction.
2) The Law of Inertia states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
3) Newton's Second Law, F=ma, defines the relationship between the net force (F), mass (m), and acceleration (a) of an object.
Simple harmonic motion
The document discusses the history and properties of the pendulum as a timekeeping device. It describes how Galileo Galilei discovered the regular motion of pendulums in 1602 and how pendulums became the most accurate timekeeping technology until the 1930s. The key properties that make pendulums useful for timekeeping are explained - the period of a pendulum's swing depends on its length and local gravity, and is independent of amplitude, meaning successive swings take the same amount of time. External factors like temperature, atmospheric pressure and gravity that can affect pendulums are also outlined.
Newton's laws of motion
This document summarizes Newton's three laws of motion:
1) An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This law is known as the law of inertia.
2) The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. This is expressed by F=ma.
3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The forces of action and reaction between two objects always act in opposite directions.
Force and laws of motion
The document discusses different types of forces including frictional, gravitational, magnetic, muscular, electrostatic, and normal forces. It defines each force and provides relevant formulas. Frictional force opposes motion between two surfaces in contact. Gravitational force is due to the attraction between masses and equals an object's weight. Magnetic force is exerted by magnets. Muscular force results from muscle action. Electrostatic force acts between charged bodies. Normal force supports contact between surfaces. Balanced forces do not cause acceleration while unbalanced forces do. The three laws of motion are also summarized.
force and laws of motion
1. Forces can change the motion of objects by moving stationary objects, changing the speed or direction of moving objects, or deforming objects. Balanced forces do not change motion while unbalanced forces do.
2. Galileo's experiment on inclined planes showed that an object's speed increases going down a plane and decreases going up, demonstrating the effects of forces on motion.
3. Newton's second law states that applying a force to an object causes it to accelerate, and the greater the force or mass, the greater the acceleration. Newton's third law says that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Introduction to friction
This document discusses Newton's three laws of motion:
1) An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2) The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The document provides several examples to illustrate each law, such as friction slowing objects in motion, forces needed to accelerate objects of different masses, and action-reaction force pairs in phenomena like flight.
FORCE & LAWS OF MOTION
This document discusses Newton's laws of motion and related concepts in physics. It defines force and describes how force can affect motion by changing an object's speed, direction, or shape. It then explains Newton's three laws: (1) an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, (2) the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, and (3) for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It also discusses concepts like inertia, momentum, and conservation of momentum.
0708 laws of_motion leks
This document provides information about Newton's laws of motion. It discusses Newton's first law of inertia, which states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. It also discusses Newton's second law, which defines the relationship between force, mass and acceleration using the equation F=ma. Examples are given to illustrate both laws, such as how an unbalanced force like gravity would cause a golf ball at rest to accelerate once hit, or how different masses would require different forces to accelerate at the same rate.
Force and laws of motion
Force can cause changes in the motion of objects, including changes in speed, direction, and shape. Balanced forces have equal magnitudes acting in opposite directions, causing no change in motion. Unbalanced forces have unequal magnitudes and can change an object's motion. Newton's three laws of motion describe how forces affect the motion of objects. The first law states that objects in motion stay in motion and objects at rest stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. The second law relates force, mass, and acceleration. The third law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Momentum is also conserved in interactions between objects.
Five Dimensional Optical Recording (5D DVD)
5 Dimensional Optical Storage is a new technology which uses the wave length
and polarization of light along with the other three dimensions of space to
create high density, high storage discs that can store upto 10 Tera Bytes of
data.
2 d and 3d ultrasound
The document discusses 2D and 3D ultrasound technologies. It covers the advantages and disadvantages of each, their medical and non-medical applications, histories and development over time. Cost information is provided for ultrasound exams and machines.
More Related Content
What's hot
force and laws of motion class 9
This document discusses Isaac Newton and Galileo's contributions to the laws of motion and forces. It provides definitions and examples for key concepts like force, balanced and unbalanced forces, inertia, momentum, and Newton's three laws of motion. Newton's first law states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. The second law establishes that acceleration is produced when a force acts and is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass. Newton's third law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton third law of motion ppt
The document discusses Newton's Third Law of Motion, which states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. It provides several examples to illustrate this law, including rockets propelling upwards as hot gases push down, cars moving forward as wheels push backwards on the road, a baseball hitting a bat causing the bat to push the ball in the opposite direction, and birds staying aloft as their wings push down on the air causing the air to push up with an equal force. Fish are also able to propel forward as their fins push water backwards with an opposing force. In each case, the size and direction of the action and reaction forces are equal and opposite.
Concrete dam lecture 4
FORCES ACTING ON GRAVITY DAM
5. Wave Pressure :
Wind blowing over the water surface in the reservoir exerts a drag on the surface due to which ripples and waves are formed. The impact of these waves Produces a pressure on the upper portion of the dam. The magnitude of the wave pressure mainly depends on the dimensions of the waves which in turn depend on the extent of water surface and the wind velocity.
Silt pressure
The weight and the pressure of the submerged silt are to be considered in addition to weight and pressure of water. The weight of the silt acts vertically on the slope and pressure horizontally, in a similar fashion to the corresponding forces due to water. It is recommended that the submerged density of silt for calculating horizontal pressure may be taken as 1360 kg/m³. Equivalently, for calculating vertical force, the same may be taken as 1925 kg/m³.
Wind Pressure :
Wind pressure is required to be consider only on that portion of the dam structure which is exposed to the action of wind.
Normally wind pressure is taken as 1 to 1.5 kN/m2 for the area exposed to the wind pressure.
Wind pressure is not a significant force and therefore, sometimes, not considered in design of a dam.
Earthquake Forces (Seismic Forces) :
Earthquake or seismic activity is associated with complex oscillating patterns of acceleration and ground motions, which generate transient dynamic loads due to inertia of the dam and the retained body of water.
Horizontal and vertical accelerations are not equal, the former being of greater intensity.
The earthquake acceleration is usually designated as a fraction of the acceleration due to gravity and is expressed as α⋅g, where α is the Seismic Coefficient. The seismic coefficient depends on various factors, like the intensity of the earthquake, the part or zone of the country in which the structure is located, the elasticity of the material of the dam and its foundation, etc.
For the purpose of determining the value of the seismic coefficient which has to be adopted in the design of a dam, India has been divided into five seismic zones, depending upon the severity of the earthquakes which may occur in different places. A map showing these zones is given in the Bureau of Indian Standards code IS: 1893-2002 (Part-1) “Criteria for earthquake resistant design of Structures (fourth revision)”, and has been reproduced in Figure 28.
According to IS : 1893 - 2002, the design value of horizontal seismic coefficient
(Ah) may be determined by one of the two methods
(a) Seismic coefficient method
The total design lateral force or design seismic base shear (VB) along any principal direction shall be determined by the following expression.
Hydrodynamic Pressure :
Horizontal acceleration acting towards the reservoir causes a momentary increase ln the water pressure as the foundation and dam accelerate towards the reservoir and the water resists movement owing to its inertia.
The extra pressure ex
Gravity Dam (numerical problem ) BY SITARAM SAINI
The document discusses the analysis of a gravity dam, including calculating stresses and checking stability, for both an empty reservoir and full reservoir condition. It provides numerical examples of determining vertical stresses, principal stresses, and shear stresses at the toe and heel of the dam. It also shows calculations for checking the stability of the dam against sliding, overturning, tension and sufficient shear resistance.
PhysicS FORCE AND LAWS OF MOTION PPT FOR SCHOOL PROJECT
The physics presentation was given by a group consisting of 5 members on the topic of force and laws of motion. It introduced Sir Isaac Newton and summarized his formulation of the three laws of motion and universal law of gravitation. It then defined what a force is and described the different types of forces including balanced and unbalanced forces. The presentation went on to explain Newton's three laws of motion - law of inertia, law of acceleration, and law of action-reaction. It also discussed related concepts like momentum, impulse, inertia and applications of the laws of motion.
Newtons laws of_motion
A powerpoint i used for a STEM Presetation on using Dukane products with STEM( Science , Technology, Engineering and Math).
Bill McIntosh
SchoolVision Inc ( my consulting company)
Authorized Dukane/Convey Consultant
Phone :843-442-8888
Email :WKMcIntosh@Comcast.net
Twitter : @OtisTMcIntosh
SchoolVision Website on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/WKMIII
Force and laws of motion by Prabhat Gaurav IX
I hope you would like this ppt. This presentation mainly consist of the summary of the chapter Force and Laws of Motion in class IX NCERT pattern.
Concrete dam lecture 2
FORCES ACTING ON GRAVITY DAM
The Bureau of Indian Standards code IS 6512-1984 “Criteria for design of solid gravity dams” recommends that a gravity dam should be designed for the most adverse load condition of the seven given type using the safety factors prescribed.
1. Load combination A (construction condition): Dam completed but no water in reservoir or tail water
2. Load combination B (normal operating conditions): Full reservoir elevation, normal dry weather tail water, normal uplift, ice and silt (if applicable)
3. Load combination C: (Flood discharge condition) - Reservoir at maximum flood pool elevation ,all gates open, tail water at flood elevation, normal uplift, and silt (if applicable)
4. Load combination D: Combination of A and earthquake
5. Load combination E: Combination B, with earthquake but no ice
6. Load combination F: Combination C, but with extreme uplift, assuming the drainage holes to be Inoperative
7. Load combination G: Combination E but with extreme uplift (drains inoperative)
Water Pressure (P) is the major external force exerted by the water stored in the Reservoir on the upstream face of the dam. It can be calculated by the law of hydrostatic pressure distribution; which is triangular in shape as shown in Fig. 3.3.
(a) When u/s face is vertical :
When the upstream face is vertical, the intensity of pressure is zero at the water surface and equal to γw • H at the base.
Earth quake pressure, Horizontal Component(PH) , (ii) Vertical Component(PV) = Weight of water in ABCD portion ,
2. Weight of the Dam :
The weight of the dam per unit length is given by the product of the area of crosssection of the dam and the specific weight of the Construction material, i.e. concrete, and masonary it acts vertically downwards at the centre of gravity of the section.
dam may be divided into smaller sections of simple geometrical shapes such as triangles,rectangles, etc.
weight of each of these acting at its centre of gravity may be considered.
Weight of any part of dam = cross-sectional area of that part x specific weight of material
3. Uplift Pressure :
Uplift pressure is defined as the force exerted by water penetrating through the pores, cracks, fissures within the body of the dam, at the contact between the dam and its
foundation, and within the foundation.
acts vertically upwards
it causes a reduction in the effective weight
Ice Pressure :
Ice pressure is exerted on a dam by a sheet of ice formed on the entire water surface of the reservoir, when it is subjected to expansion and contraction with changes in temperature.
The coefficient of thermal expansion of ice being five times more than that of concrete, the dam face has to resist the force due to expansion of ice. This force acts linearly along the length of the dam, at the reservoir level.
As per IS : 6512 - 1984, ice pressure may be taken equal to 250 kN/m2 applied to the face of the dam over the anticipated area of contact of i
Newtons laws of motion
This document discusses Newton's three laws of motion:
1) Law of Inertia - An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2) Second Law - Force equals mass times acceleration (F=ma).
3) Third Law - For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Examples are provided for each law, such as friction causing objects to slow down due to the first law, and calculations using the second law equation.
Force and laws of motion
This document discusses the concept of force. It defines force as an external effort that can move an object at rest, stop a moving object, change the speed or direction of a moving object, or change the shape or size of an object. It then discusses Newton's three laws of motion - an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force, acceleration is produced by an unbalanced force and is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass, and for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. It also covers momentum, conservation of momentum, and provides examples to demonstrate these concepts.
Waves
Waves are disturbances that propagate or move from the place they were created. For water waves, the disturbance is on the water surface, created by things like rocks or splashing. For sound waves, the disturbance is changes in air pressure, created by speakers. All waves have characteristics like amplitude, period, frequency, and velocity. Wave velocity is the speed at which the disturbance propagates, measured as the distance traveled per period. This relationship between wavelength, period, and velocity holds for all types of waves.
Newtons laws of_motion
1) Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it. The three laws are: Law of Inertia, F=ma, and Action-Reaction.
2) The Law of Inertia states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
3) Newton's Second Law, F=ma, defines the relationship between the net force (F), mass (m), and acceleration (a) of an object.
Simple harmonic motion
The document discusses the history and properties of the pendulum as a timekeeping device. It describes how Galileo Galilei discovered the regular motion of pendulums in 1602 and how pendulums became the most accurate timekeeping technology until the 1930s. The key properties that make pendulums useful for timekeeping are explained - the period of a pendulum's swing depends on its length and local gravity, and is independent of amplitude, meaning successive swings take the same amount of time. External factors like temperature, atmospheric pressure and gravity that can affect pendulums are also outlined.
Newton's laws of motion
This document summarizes Newton's three laws of motion:
1) An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This law is known as the law of inertia.
2) The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. This is expressed by F=ma.
3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The forces of action and reaction between two objects always act in opposite directions.
Force and laws of motion
The document discusses different types of forces including frictional, gravitational, magnetic, muscular, electrostatic, and normal forces. It defines each force and provides relevant formulas. Frictional force opposes motion between two surfaces in contact. Gravitational force is due to the attraction between masses and equals an object's weight. Magnetic force is exerted by magnets. Muscular force results from muscle action. Electrostatic force acts between charged bodies. Normal force supports contact between surfaces. Balanced forces do not cause acceleration while unbalanced forces do. The three laws of motion are also summarized.
force and laws of motion
1. Forces can change the motion of objects by moving stationary objects, changing the speed or direction of moving objects, or deforming objects. Balanced forces do not change motion while unbalanced forces do.
2. Galileo's experiment on inclined planes showed that an object's speed increases going down a plane and decreases going up, demonstrating the effects of forces on motion.
3. Newton's second law states that applying a force to an object causes it to accelerate, and the greater the force or mass, the greater the acceleration. Newton's third law says that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Introduction to friction
This document discusses Newton's three laws of motion:
1) An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2) The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The document provides several examples to illustrate each law, such as friction slowing objects in motion, forces needed to accelerate objects of different masses, and action-reaction force pairs in phenomena like flight.
FORCE & LAWS OF MOTION
This document discusses Newton's laws of motion and related concepts in physics. It defines force and describes how force can affect motion by changing an object's speed, direction, or shape. It then explains Newton's three laws: (1) an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, (2) the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, and (3) for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It also discusses concepts like inertia, momentum, and conservation of momentum.
0708 laws of_motion leks
This document provides information about Newton's laws of motion. It discusses Newton's first law of inertia, which states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. It also discusses Newton's second law, which defines the relationship between force, mass and acceleration using the equation F=ma. Examples are given to illustrate both laws, such as how an unbalanced force like gravity would cause a golf ball at rest to accelerate once hit, or how different masses would require different forces to accelerate at the same rate.
Force and laws of motion
Force can cause changes in the motion of objects, including changes in speed, direction, and shape. Balanced forces have equal magnitudes acting in opposite directions, causing no change in motion. Unbalanced forces have unequal magnitudes and can change an object's motion. Newton's three laws of motion describe how forces affect the motion of objects. The first law states that objects in motion stay in motion and objects at rest stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. The second law relates force, mass, and acceleration. The third law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Momentum is also conserved in interactions between objects.
What's hot (20)
PhysicS FORCE AND LAWS OF MOTION PPT FOR SCHOOL PROJECT
PhysicS FORCE AND LAWS OF MOTION PPT FOR SCHOOL PROJECT
Viewers also liked
Five Dimensional Optical Recording (5D DVD)
5 Dimensional Optical Storage is a new technology which uses the wave length
and polarization of light along with the other three dimensions of space to
create high density, high storage discs that can store upto 10 Tera Bytes of
data.
2 d and 3d ultrasound
The document discusses 2D and 3D ultrasound technologies. It covers the advantages and disadvantages of each, their medical and non-medical applications, histories and development over time. Cost information is provided for ultrasound exams and machines.
Solar energy
The document discusses solar energy, including its sources, applications, and advantages over other energy sources. It describes how solar energy from the sun is captured and converted into usable forms of energy such as heat and electricity. Solar energy can be used to generate power, heat water, power vehicles and satellites, and for applications in architecture, agriculture, and water treatment. It has advantages over fossil fuels in being renewable and pollution-free, and over nuclear energy in being safer with no radioactive waste. While intermittent, solar energy has great potential to meet the world's energy needs if methods of efficient collection, conversion, storage and use are improved.
Fire Alarm, Smoke Detector and Automatic Sprinkle System
This document describes a fire alarm and smoke detector system designed using digital logic. The system uses inputs from an emergency switch, smoke detector, and main switch. It outputs a fire alarm and activates an automatic sprinkler system. The logic design includes OR gates, AND gates, a JK flip flop timer set to 3 seconds, a 1Hz clock, 7 segment displays, and inverters. When the smoke detector or emergency switch is activated, the alarm will sound for 3 seconds before automatically shutting off the sprinkler and alarm. The group's responsibilities for the project are also outlined.
Fire Detection and Alarm Systems
Fire detection and alarm systems are installed to notify occupants of a fire, summon assistance to fight fires, and initiate automatic suppression systems. There are different types of automatic alarm initiating devices like heat, smoke, and flame detectors that sense fire. Indicating devices like audible alarms and visible strobes alert people of a fire. Automatic alarm systems transmit alarm signals off-site to notify emergency responders. These systems are supervised to ensure proper operation and may include auxiliary functions to support firefighting and safety.
fire detection and alarm system
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It provides details on:
1) The purposes of fire detection systems which are to detect fires, notify occupants, summon assistance and initiate suppression systems.
2) The basic components of systems including input devices like manual pull stations and detectors, and output devices like alarms and controls.
3) Different types of detectors like heat, smoke and gas detectors and their functions.
4) Factors to consider for detector placement like area size and layout.
5) Conventional and addressable microprocessor-based systems and their advantages.
6) Approvals and standards required for fire detection systems.
Project on Solar Energy
The document discusses solar energy and its uses. It provides information on:
1) India emerging as a top country in solar power generation.
2) How solar energy works through converting sunlight to electricity via photovoltaic cells or heating via solar panels.
3) Applications of solar energy including heating air/water, power generation, vehicles, and more.
4) Steps taken in Punjab, India to promote solar energy through government agencies and collaboration with companies.
Viewers also liked (7)
Fire Alarm, Smoke Detector and Automatic Sprinkle System
Fire Alarm, Smoke Detector and Automatic Sprinkle System
Similar to Physics of Surfing beta
Circular motionpresentation
This document discusses circular motion and Newton's laws of motion. It covers topics like circular motion in horizontal circles, vertical circular motion using a bucket as an example, and loop-the-loop rides. Key concepts explained include centripetal force, angular velocity, and how tension and weight provide the necessary centripetal force to keep objects moving in circular paths. Multiple choice and true/false questions are also included to test understanding of these physics concepts.
Circular Motion
The document discusses circular motion and Newton's laws of motion. It covers topics like circular motion in horizontal circles, vertical circular motion using a bucket of water as an example, and loop the loops. Key points covered include centripetal force, angular velocity, linear velocity, Newton's three laws of motion, and how tension and weight provide the necessary centripetal force for circular motion.
Circular Motion
The document discusses circular motion and Newton's laws of motion. It covers topics like circular motion in horizontal circles, vertical circular motion using a bucket of water as an example, and loop the loops. Newton's laws state that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an external force, acceleration is proportional to force, and for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Circular motion concepts like centripetal force, acceleration, and how tension provides the centripetal force in different situations are also examined.
Biomechanic of Swimming
The document discusses various aspects of competitive swimming strokes and biomechanics. It describes the phases and techniques of the front crawl, backstroke, breaststroke, and butterfly strokes. Key factors that influence swimming speed and efficiency are also examined, such as stroke length, stroke frequency, propulsive forces, and streamlining techniques.
Determinants of kayak paddling performance
The document discusses key factors that influence kayak paddling performance and technique. Successful paddling requires an appropriately designed kayak, paddle, and powerful paddler who can maximize propulsive forces while minimizing drag. Key variables include drag forces from water and air resistance, as well as forces applied through the paddle, footbar, and seat to transfer power to the kayak. Proper paddling technique involves dividing each stroke into catch, pull, exit, and recovery phases while controlling kayak and body movements to maintain velocity.
15[1].3 Lecture
The document discusses three topics related to oceans:
1) Ocean waves are movements of energy, not water molecules, with characteristics like height, length, and speed determined by factors like wind speed and fetch. Breaking waves occur when friction slows the trough.
2) Tides are caused by gravitational and centrifugal forces from the Moon and Sun, leading to higher spring tides during full and new moons and lower neap tides during quarter moons. Locations like the Bay of Fundy experience extreme tide ranges.
3) Ocean currents are driven by density differences, deep circulation, and global wind systems that form gyres and upwelling zones along western coastlines, transporting nutrients for marine
Biomech of swimming PRESENTATION OF BIOMECHANICS
The document discusses the mechanics and biomechanics of the front crawl swimming stroke. It notes that swimming is an aerobic activity that places high demands on the shoulders due to the arms providing most of the propulsion through 16,000 shoulder revolutions per week for competitive swimmers. Understanding swimming mechanics is important for sports physiotherapists as many shoulder injuries in swimmers relate to stroke mechanics and pathomechanics. The document then examines the mechanics and muscle involvement of each part of the body during the front crawl stroke, including the head and trunk, arm stroke, elbow and wrist, fingers, and the kick.
Density and Buoyancy for Grade 8 Science Class
This document discusses Archimedes' principle and buoyancy. It explains that objects float if they displace a weight of fluid equal to their own weight, with the upward buoyant force equaling the weight of fluid displaced. Ships float because their shape displaces more water than a ball of the same weight, creating more upward buoyant force. Submarines and fish control their buoyancy through ballast tanks and swim bladders that alter their density. Oil spills are contained by oil's lower density causing it to float on water.
Lecture-4-Fluid Statics .ppt
This document discusses concepts related to fluid statics including buoyancy, Archimedes' principle, center of buoyancy, metacentric height, and conditions of equilibrium for floating bodies. It provides examples of buoyancy problems and their solutions. It also explains analytical methods for calculating metacentric height and provides example problems related to determining metacentric height, stability conditions, and whether objects can float vertically in water.
Fish swim
Fish swim using undulations of their body and fins. They have a network of muscles that contract and relax to create waves that travel down the body and propel the fish forward. Fins provide control, thrust, lift, and drag. Forces acting on the fish include thrust from parts of the body pushing against water and lift and drag forces. Fish also generate lift using their swim bladder by inflating or deflating it with oxygen to control buoyancy. Forces resisting the fish's movement include frictional, pressure, and form drag.
Hp 08 win
This document provides instructions for navigating a presentation on fluid mechanics. It can be viewed as a slideshow and advanced using arrow keys or spacebar. Clicking resources on the resources slide or lessons on the chapter menu screen will jump to those sections. The Esc key exits the slideshow. The presentation covers defining fluids, density and buoyancy, fluid pressure, and fluid motion principles. It includes objectives, content slides, sample problems, and a standardized test prep section with multiple choice questions.
Physics Pp Presentation Ch 8
This presentation provides instructions on how to view the slideshow and navigate between slides. It also contains the following content:
- Definitions and concepts related to fluids, including density, buoyancy, pressure, and fluid motion
- Sample problems demonstrating calculations of buoyant force and pressure
- Chapter objectives and key principles such as Archimedes' principle and Bernoulli's principle
- Multiple choice and short response practice questions testing understanding of fluid concepts
Forces
The document describes various concepts related to forces including:
1) Different types of forces such as magnetic, weight, tension, contact, and friction forces.
2) The effects of forces including changing an object's motion, speed, direction, shape, and putting a stationary object into motion.
3) The relationship between net force, mass, and acceleration given by F=ma.
4) How to calculate weight, distinguish it from mass, and how it depends on gravitational strength.
Forces
Forces can cause objects to move, change speed or direction, turn, bend or twist. Forces can be contact forces that act through direct physical contact, like pushing or pulling, or non-contact forces that act over a distance, like magnetism or gravity. Balanced forces cause no change in motion, while unbalanced forces cause acceleration or changes in speed or direction. Newton's three laws of motion describe how forces affect the motion of objects.
Harry Mahon Presentation Notes
Rowing technique involves a power phase and recovery phase that must be combined successfully. The power phase begins with connecting the feet and back to the blade as it enters the water. A leg drive then accelerates the boat while maintaining pressure on the back and lateral muscles. During maximum leg acceleration, the arms begin to draw the handle toward the body. The recovery phase extracts the blade cleanly and prepares the body for the next stroke with straight but relaxed arms. Maintaining balance and control throughout is key to effective technique.
Form 5 calxina luisa idiotic
Form 5: Chapter 2 – Locomotion and Support 2.1 Support and Locomotion in Humans and Animals
This document summarizes how fish are able to swim and move efficiently in water. It explains that a fish's body is streamlined and covered in overlapping scales to reduce resistance in water. The fish's vertebral column moves from side to side as myotomes, or W-shaped muscle blocks, contract and relax on either side of the body in an alternating wave. This sweeping motion pushes water backwards and propels the fish forward. Fins help counter unwanted pitching, yawing, and rolling movements and provide thrust and directional control. A swim bladder containing gas helps the fish control its buoyancy to
Similar to Physics of Surfing beta (16)
Recently uploaded
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Wound healing PPT
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
● What is event processing in MuleSoft?
● Types of event processing models in Mule 4
● Distinction between the reactive, parallel, blocking & non-blocking processing
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two Hearts
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Lifelines of National Economy chapter for Class 10 STUDY MATERIAL PDF
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
Stack Memory Organization of 8086 Microprocessor
The stack memory organization of 8086 microprocessor.
How to deliver Powerpoint Presentations.pptx
"How to make and deliver dynamic presentations by making it more interactive to captivate your audience attention"
Recently uploaded (20)
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
Lifelines of National Economy chapter for Class 10 STUDY MATERIAL PDF
Lifelines of National Economy chapter for Class 10 STUDY MATERIAL PDF
B. Ed Syllabus for babasaheb ambedkar education university.pdf
B. Ed Syllabus for babasaheb ambedkar education university.pdf
Physics of Surfing beta
- 1. The Physics of Surfing