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Physical Training in Tennis
Adriano Vretaros
Strength and Conditioning Coach
São Paulo – BRAZIL – avretaros@gmail.com
Bioenergetic in Tennis
•
70% - ATP-CP
•
20% - Anaerobic Lactic
•
10% - Aerobic
Biomotor Capabilities in Tennis
•
Strength (Maximum, Endurance, Explosive, Power)
•
Endurance (ATP-CP, Anaerobic Lactic, Aerobic)
•
Speed (Reaction, Motion, Displacement)
•
Agility (Reactive)
•
Coordination
•
Balance (Dinamic, Static, Recovered)
•
Flexibility
Motor Skills in Tennis
•
Forehand
•
Backhand
•
Volley
•
Smash
•
Serve
Biomechanical Studies
•
Trunk muscle activation
•
Abdominal muscle activation(rectus abdominis, external
oblique and erector spinae)
•
Ballistic muscle activation
•
Primarilly eccentric compared to concentric muscle actions
•
Stretch-shortening cycle(footwork)
(Knudson & Blackwell, 2000)
Periodization
•
Microcycle
•
Mesocycle
•
Macrocycle
•
Four parts: Preparatory, Precompetitive, Competitive and
Passive/Active Rest
Periodization Programs
•
Calendar of excessive season
•
Competition ~ 11months
•
Peak Performance: 4 Grand Slams
Intensity of Tennis Match Play
•
Combined periods of maximum or near the maximum work
and some long periods of moderate activity or low intensity
•
Match intensity varies: players level, style(offensive or
defensive) and sex
•
Court surface and Ball type
(Fernandez et alii, 2006)
Physiological Profile of Tennis
Match Play
•
Intermittent activity
•
VO2max ~ 51,1 +/- 10,9 ml.kg.min
•
Lactate concentration(ranging from 0,7 to 5,2mmol.L)
•
Enviromental Conditions
(Smekal et alii, 2001)
Physiological Profile of Tennis
Match Play
VARIABLES GAMES DEFENSE GAMES OFFENSE
VO2max 30,8+/-5,7 27,5+/-5,1
HR(bpm) 158+/-16 145+/-19
EPT(%) 29,3+/-12,1 20,3+/-8,2
DR(s) 8,2+/-5,1 4,8+/-1,8
SF(strokes-min) 42,6+/-9,6 47,1+/-6,9
(Smekal et alii, 2001)
Nutritional Aspects and Ergogenic
Aids
•
Water and Electrolyte Balance (chronic
hypohydration)
•
Carbohydrate Beverage (before, during, after) –
glycogen
•
Carbohydrate-caffeine supplementation
Musculoskeletal Adaptations and
Injury
•
High risk of overuse injury
•
2,3 injuries/player/1000hours(67% overuse injuries)
•
Anatomic locations(foot 19%, knee 15%, ankle 12% and elbow 12%)
•
Supplemental Training (based on specific deficiencies in the
musculoskeletal)
•
If necessary: rehabilitation process
(Chandler, 2000)

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Physical Training in Tennis

  • 1. Physical Training in Tennis Adriano Vretaros Strength and Conditioning Coach São Paulo – BRAZIL – avretaros@gmail.com
  • 2. Bioenergetic in Tennis • 70% - ATP-CP • 20% - Anaerobic Lactic • 10% - Aerobic
  • 3. Biomotor Capabilities in Tennis • Strength (Maximum, Endurance, Explosive, Power) • Endurance (ATP-CP, Anaerobic Lactic, Aerobic) • Speed (Reaction, Motion, Displacement) • Agility (Reactive) • Coordination • Balance (Dinamic, Static, Recovered) • Flexibility
  • 4. Motor Skills in Tennis • Forehand • Backhand • Volley • Smash • Serve
  • 5. Biomechanical Studies • Trunk muscle activation • Abdominal muscle activation(rectus abdominis, external oblique and erector spinae) • Ballistic muscle activation • Primarilly eccentric compared to concentric muscle actions • Stretch-shortening cycle(footwork) (Knudson & Blackwell, 2000)
  • 7. Periodization Programs • Calendar of excessive season • Competition ~ 11months • Peak Performance: 4 Grand Slams
  • 8. Intensity of Tennis Match Play • Combined periods of maximum or near the maximum work and some long periods of moderate activity or low intensity • Match intensity varies: players level, style(offensive or defensive) and sex • Court surface and Ball type (Fernandez et alii, 2006)
  • 9. Physiological Profile of Tennis Match Play • Intermittent activity • VO2max ~ 51,1 +/- 10,9 ml.kg.min • Lactate concentration(ranging from 0,7 to 5,2mmol.L) • Enviromental Conditions (Smekal et alii, 2001)
  • 10. Physiological Profile of Tennis Match Play VARIABLES GAMES DEFENSE GAMES OFFENSE VO2max 30,8+/-5,7 27,5+/-5,1 HR(bpm) 158+/-16 145+/-19 EPT(%) 29,3+/-12,1 20,3+/-8,2 DR(s) 8,2+/-5,1 4,8+/-1,8 SF(strokes-min) 42,6+/-9,6 47,1+/-6,9 (Smekal et alii, 2001)
  • 11. Nutritional Aspects and Ergogenic Aids • Water and Electrolyte Balance (chronic hypohydration) • Carbohydrate Beverage (before, during, after) – glycogen • Carbohydrate-caffeine supplementation
  • 12. Musculoskeletal Adaptations and Injury • High risk of overuse injury • 2,3 injuries/player/1000hours(67% overuse injuries) • Anatomic locations(foot 19%, knee 15%, ankle 12% and elbow 12%) • Supplemental Training (based on specific deficiencies in the musculoskeletal) • If necessary: rehabilitation process (Chandler, 2000)