The aim behind this presentation is to To know the reasons behind child labor and how it affects physically and Psycologically on children also society, present situation of child labor in Bangladesh, measures available to stop it, and other related issues.

1. Physical And Psychological Impact Of
Child Labour On Children

2. AIM
To know the reasons behind child labor and
how it affects physically and Psycologically
on children also society, present situation
of child labor in Bangladesh, measures
available to stop it, and other related
issues.

5. The term “Child labour” is often
defined as :
“Work that deprives children of
their childhood, their potential
and their dignity, and that is
harmful to physical and mental
development.”
It refers to work that is mentally,
physically, socially or morally
dangerous and harmful to
children.

6. The International Labor Organization (ILO)
defines child labor as:
 When a child is working during early age.
 He overworks or gives over time to labor.
 He works due to the psychologically, socially, and materialistic pressure.
 He becomes ready to Labor on a very low pay.
 An international labour organization (ILO) approximation shows that
approximately 180 million children in developing countries are completely
embroiled in child labour, and in Pakistan specifically, ILO’s IPECS
(International Program on the Elimination of Child Labour, 2012) showed last
year that 3.8 million children were laboring out of 40 million in the age group
of 5-14 years.

8. Causes Of Child Labour
Poverty
Poverty is the primary reason for
child labour is extreme poverty
which forces the parents to employ
their children for some extra
money for daily living.

9. Causes Of Child Labour
Illiteracy of parents
Illiterate and ignorant parents do
not understand the need for
wholesome proper physical,
cognitive and emotional
development of their child. They
are themselves uneducated and
unexposed, so they don’t realize
the importance of education for
their children.

10. Causes Of Child Labour
Guardians are hesitant to send their children to
school due to the increased cost of education.
Parents higher preference for earning livelihood
rather than getting educated.
The employers are interested in hiring children
because they are cheap and obedient. Inadequate
laws and lack of education provide further
opportunities to society to drag children into work.

12. Types of Child Labour
 Child labour in agriculture.
 Commercial sexual exploitation of children.
 Child labour and armed conflict.
 Child labour and domestic work.
 Mining and quarrying.
 Safe work for youth.
 Trafficking in children.

14. Effects of Child Labour
 Most of the child labourers work in
hazardous conditions, Such as
direct contact to pesticides,
chemicals, dusts and carcinogenic
agents in agriculture, mining and
quarrying, and manufacturing.
 These increase the risks of
developing bronchial complaints,
cancers and other form of life
threatening diseases.
 Child labour may include operating
precarious machinery as heavy
lifting, repetitive tasks and poor
posturethat increase the chances
of musculoskeletal problems in
later life.
 Similarly, Children involved in
industries like garbage recycling
and waste management work in an
unprotected environment and as a
consequence are exposed to many
dangerous materials such as;
broken glasses, sharps, rottenfood
and other that can cause serious
and permanent health
consequences.

16. Physical impact of Child Labour
Children who work also experience isolation and
depression, which often prevents them from
continuing to develop healthy emotions as they
grow, and can lead to many physical effects.
• Children also suffer from malnutrition which
leads to other serious health and mental
conditions later in life.

17. Physical impact of Child Labour
 Hazardous work carried out over long hours in an
unhealthy environment, in dangerous places requiring
the use of dangerous tools or materials, or forcing the
child to carry objects that are too heavy.
 Difficult tasks create a number of problems such as
depression, drug dependency etc.
 Sometimes children are engaged with crimes because
of Hazardous work.
 Children who labor intensely are often smaller than
those who are allowed to play and grown naturally.
 They are also at a higher risk for illnesses such as
respiratory illnesses and are exposed to harmful
chemicals that can also affect their physical
development

19. Psychological impact of Child Labour
o Child labour is a social and moral problem which damages society
constantly.
o Poverty related health problems malnutrition, anaemia increases the risk
and consequences of work related hazards and may lead to permanent
disabilities and premature death.
o Long hours of work on a regular basis can harm the social and educational
development of the children.
o More problematic behaviours were developed such as- aggression,
misconduct, substance use, sleep deprivation, and related problems –
falling asleep in school etc.
o The unconditional worst forms of child labour are slavery, soldiering,
prostitution, drug, trafficking, may have traumatic effects, including long-
term health and socioeconomic effects.

21. Psychological impact of Child Labour
o Children who become involved in different labor-related
works have no opportunity to develop their natural psycho-
social health; about 40% of child labourers are affected by
abnormal psychological growth (Jordan, 2012).
o The study, conducted by Matalqa in 2004 in the streets of
Jordan, showed that working children have lower levels of
adaptive skill, lesser physical health and demonstrate
unwanted social behaviors.
o Child labourers using obscene words, exhibiting high
emotions with low creativity and relying on excess use of
cigarettes and alcohol was also one of the conclusions
reported by Dmour in 2006. Child trafficking, which comes
under the worst forms of child labour, has lasting
psychological effects on the victims.

23. Psychological impact of Child Labour
o Existing studies about the psychological effect of
child labour report that victims of child labour
face depression, lack of trust, hopelessness, low
levels of confidence, shame and guilt, low self-
esteem and anxiety, and may grow up to be
adults who also pose certain risks to society.
o Child labour has numerous consequences but the
psychological impact is the most long-term
problem and needs attention on an emergency
basis, especially in third-world countries where
people lack awareness of it.

24. Child Labour Laws in Bangladesh
a) The Employment of Children Act 1975 This act allowed
for children aged 15 or up to work in the railway
industry and in transporting gods in port jobs.
b) The Factories Act 1965 This act prohibited children
under 14 to work in or be present in factories
c) Shops and Establishment Act 1965 This act prohibits
children under the age of 12 from working in any
establishment.
d) The Children Act 2013 It focuses on different aspects
of child welfare
e) Labour Act 2006 (Bangladesh) Sets the minimum age
for work to 14 years & 18 years for hazardous work.

25. What ‘We’ can do as a person to stop
child labour
 Rising awareness about children rights, thus changing
view of the society
 Making people aware about the benefits of education
and providing free education for the orphans and poor
children
 Running campaign against child labour
 Participating directly or Donating in child welfare funds
that NGOs working for the rehabilitation of street
children
 For a better future and protective society, several
coordinated actions must be taken to mitigate child
labour.